It seems that there’s a good reason why dogs are always seen as man’s best frien
题型：不详难度：来源：
It seems that there’s a good reason why dogs are always seen as man’s best friend. Scientists have found that dogs are the only animals that can read emotion(情感)in faces much like humans. The finding suggests that like an understanding friend, dogs can see if we are happy, sad, pleased or angry.
When humans look at a new face, their eyes usually look across the left, falling on the right hand side of the person’s face first. A possible reason for this is that the right side of the human face is better at expressing emotions.
Scientists have now shown that pet dogs also have “left gaze bias(左视偏好)”, but only when looking at human faces. No other animal has been known to do like this before. Dr. Kun Guo showed 17 dogs pictures of human, dog and monkey faces as well as something else with his team. The dogs’ eyes and heads show a strong left gaze bias when the animals see human faces. But this did not happen when they were shown other pictures, including those of dogs.
Guo suggests that over thousands of years living with humans, dogs may have developed the left gaze bias as a way to guess our emotions.
“Recent studies show that the right side of our faces can express emotions better than the left. If true, then it makes sense for dogs and humans to see the right hand side of a face first.”
小题1:Why are dogs seen as man’s best friend according to the passage?| A．Because dogs are the closest animals to humans. | | B．Because dogs can read the emotions in humans’ faces easily. | | C．Because dogs can understand us better when we feel sad. | | D．Because dogs are good at expressing emotions. |
小题2:The dogs’ left gaze bias helps them _______.| A．get along well with humans | B．express emotions quickly | | C．have more understanding friends | D．remember more new faces |
小题3:The passage mainly wants to tell us that _______.| A．dogs have been man’s best friends for thousands of years | | B．humans have a “left gaze bias” | | C．the “left gaze bias” works on all animals | | D．dogs can read emotions the same as humans |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C |
解析
试题分析：短文大意：当有人看一张新的面孔，他们的眼睛通常从左看起，落在人脸的右侧。原因可能是人的右脸善于表达情感。科学家已经证明，宠物狗也有“左凝视偏差”。
小题1:细节理解题。根据第一段中Scientists have found that dogsare the only animals that can read the emotions in humans’ faces like humans可知该选B。
小题2:细节理解题。根据第四段Guo suggests that over thousands of years living with humans, dogs may have developed the left gaze bias as a way to guess our emotions.可知该选A。
小题3:细节理解题。根据第三段中The dogs’ eyes and heads show a strong left gaze bias when the animals see human faces.可知该选C。 |
举一反三
ARE you creative, shy, outgoing? Our personalities reveal a lot about who we are. But what’s surprising is that our personality can also say something about our health. That’s according to researchers at Duke University, US.
During an experiment on 1,000 people, scientists assessed (评定) their personalities in two ways: by asking someone they knew, such as a family member or friend; then by asking someone they had just met, such as a nurse. The study found that those who were careful at age 26 were in better health after 12 years.
Being careful means that people tend to have a lot of self-control, and are less likely to smoke, the scientists said. Careful people are also more likely to have an active lifestyle and healthy diet.
From those who were least careful, 45 percent developed health problems by the age of 38. Such health issues included gum disease and high blood pressure (高血压). To compare, only 18 percent of careful people went on to develop health problems.
Another positive personality was called “openness to experience”, meaning curious and imaginative. People who have more of this personality have higher IQ scores. So they’d be more likely to know how to find medical help to prevent disease.
According to the report, if doctors assessed our personalities, it could help doctors to find which young adults need advice on how to live a healthy lifestyle. What’s surprising is that stress didn’t play a big part on a person’s health. Even though stress and anxiety (焦虑) are usually linked to bad health.
But can a doctor who knows our personality really improve our health? Or should doctors be kept away from knowing something so personal?
小题1:Which personality type may be better for our health, according to the research?| A．self-controlled. | B．Stressed. | | C．Shy. | D．Careless. |
小题2:From the passage, we learn that careful people ____.| A．are too shy to talk to strangers | | B．love to ask the doctor for advice | | C．are likely to have a healthy lifestyle | | D．may have high blood pressure when they’re older |
小题3:Where can you probably read the article?| A．Newspaper. | B．Science fiction book. | | C．Research paper. | D．Travel guide. |
小题4:What is the main idea of the article?| A．People can change their personality type. | | B．Scientists have found two different personality types. | | C．Personalities have something to do with our lifestyle. | | D．Personalities say something about our health. |
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When disaster (灾难) happens, you might find yourself without water, gas and electricity. You might even need to leave your home right away. So you are supposed to plan for the bad situations before the disaster comes. Here are some suggestions：
First, have a family meeting. Plan a way to get your family members together if they can"t find each other after the disaster. Choose two places for everyone to go to if it isn"t safe to return home. The first should be near your house. You can go there in an emergency(紧急情况) like a fire. The second meeting place should be outside your neighborhood.
Next, choose a person outside your area who can help your family get in touch with each other. After a disaster, it is often easier to communicate over a long-distance call than a local one. The person can pass messages between your family members.
Then, get a family disaster kit ready. It should include things your family needs. It can help you survive (生存) at least for three days like bread, water, medicine and things like that. Put them in a bag so you can carry it if you leave in a hurry. When doing it, remember that different people have different needs. Include special things necessary for elderly or young members of your family.
Finally, practice your emergency plan, and update (更新) it as necessary.
You may not be able to stop disasters, but with a little planning you can be helped.
小题1: When you have a family meeting, what should you choose?| A．A person outside your area. | B．Things your family needs. | | C．Two places for everyone to go to. | D．A bag. |
小题2:How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage?| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
小题3:Why does the writer suggest choosing a person outside your area?| A．To send food and water to you family. | | B．To help your family move to a safe place. | | C．To choose two places for your family to go to. | | D．To help your family get in touch with each other. |
小题4:What does the underlined word "kit" probably mean?小题5:What"s the best title of this passage?| A．Planning for Disasters | B．How Different Disasters Happen | | C．Practicing your Plan | D．Where to Stay away from Disasters |
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Last weekend, our family went to have Christmas dinner in a restaurant. We were the only family with a baby in the restaurant. Suddenly, my baby Erik became excited when we were enjoying our meal. I looked around and saw an old man with old clothes and dirty old shoes. His hair was unwashed. He was smiling at my Erik.
“He might hurt my Erik,” I thought. Everyone in the restaurant looked at us and the old man. Then we decided to leave. The old man sat between the door and us.
As I walked closer to the man, I turned my back. Suddenly, Erik leaned(倾斜) over my arms, reaching with both arms in a baby’s pick-me-up position(姿势). Before I could stop him, Erik had escaped(逃跑) from my arms to the man’s. Soon the very old smelly man and my young baby developed a kind of friendship.
Erik put his little hand on the man’s face, and I saw the old man closed his eyes and tears running down his face. His aged hands held my baby so gently(温柔地). A moment later, the old man opened his eyes, passed me my baby and said, “Thank you, Madam. You’ve given me the best Christmas gift.”
I cried, with my face burning hot. A child saw a soul(灵魂), but a mother saw only a kind of clothes.
小题1: At first, the writer thought the old man was ______ .| A．terrible | B．friendly | | C．impossible | D．wise |
小题2: The family decided to leave the restaurant because they ______.| A．had finished the meal already | | B．had some important things to do | | C．thought the food there was bad | | D．worried about their baby’s safety |
小题3:We can learn from the passage that Erik _______.| A．showed kindness to the old man | B．had seen the old man before | | C．was popular in the restaurant | D．was hurt by the old man |
小题4: Why did the old man thank the writer?| A．Because the writer bought food for him | | B．Because the writer said Merry Christmas to him | | C．Because staying with the baby made him feel happy | | D．Because the writer asked him to play with her baby |
小题5:What is the best title of the passage?| A．A special restaurant | B．A lovely baby | | C．Soul and clothes | D．Parents’ influence on babies |
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According to a UK study, those growing up during the 1970s and 1980s enjoying more than two hours of outdoor activities each weekday, and nine hours on weekends—whatever the weather is. But their children play outside for just over one hour each weekday, and fewer than five hours on Saturdays and Sundays.
So, the UK started an activity to encourage children to give up 30 minutes of screen time a day to play outdoors.
The Wild Network, born on September 25, 2013, is joined by more than 300 organizations, large or small. It tries to attract children away from television and computer screen and into woods and parks.
It is the biggest ever activity to reconnect children with nature and outdoor activities, and it plans to help improve children’s health.
Suggestions on how to get more time in nature including collecting fruits, camping, watching autumn colour on trees and so on.
This is not the first time the message of less screen, more play has been brought up. Children in the 1980s were encouraged to do the same by BBC TV show Why Don’t You, which encouraged children to “turn off your TV set, and go to do something less boring instead”.
You can learn more about the activity by visiting Http://www. Projectwildthing.com.
小题1: We can learn from the second paragraph that _______.| A．today’s children have more free time | | B．today’s children spend more time outdoors | | C．the parents had more free time when they were young | | D．The parents spent more time outdoors when they were young |
小题2:The Wild Network was started to __________.| A．encourage children to spend more time outdoors | | B．encourage children to play with their parents outdoors | | C．encourage children to spend more time on their studies | | D．encourage parents to spend more time with their children |
小题3:What can we learn about the Wild Network?| A．It was set up this year | | B．It was the best ever activity | | C．Both large organizations or small can join it | | D．You can learn about it from the show Why Don’t You |
小题4: Which of the following activities is not mentioned?| A．Camping | B．Collecting fruits | | C．Bird watching | D．Autumn clour watching |
小题5:The underlined part “do the same” can be replaced by _______.| A．start an activity | B．play outdoors | | C．do homework | D．do housework |
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When do you think of a forest, what do you see? Just trees Or do you see many other things, such as singing birds, colorful plants and wild flowers?
The forest is a whole world of its own. It is full of many different living things (生物). But even thoughthey are all different, they have one thing in common: they all need each other in order to live on.
The trees feed the forest "people" by making food in their leaves; by using sunlight to join water and minerals(矿物) from the soil and air. Their deep network of roots Joins the soil together and stops it from dying out, making it possible for living things to live in it. Human beings (人类) are like the living things in the forest. We need one another in order to live. We need the farmers to grow our food, railroad and truck drivers to bring it to our shops and clerks (售货员) to sell it to us. We need people to prepare our food and
cook it and others to take our waste things away. Then, of course, we need doctors, nurses, government leaders, mailmen, telephone operators, and many others. We also need other human beings in another way.
We need people for friendship, to talk over our problems, exchange ideas. Think how lonely and unhappy you would be if you lived all alone.
Life is a matter of giving and taking. We need to help other people as much as we need other people to help us. Think what a good feeling you have when you have done something for someone else. You know, being a volunteer is so great!
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。
小题1:According to the text, different things live on the soil and air.
小题2:The water and minerals join from the soil and air by using sunlight.
小题3:According to the writer, human beings need only farmers.
小题4:When I have done something for someone else, I feel happy.
小题5: According to the passage, everyone needs friends. |
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