请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。Color us

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请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。
Color use in nature
Nature is very colorful, full of different hues（色调）that delight the eye. What makes these colors and why do they exist?
Causes of Colors in Nature
Colors in nature are formed in two ways. Pigments, like the melanin in skin and many animal furs, produce most blacks, browns, reds and yellows. Most plants are green due to chlorophyll（叶绿素）. Other colors are caused by structure, like many greens, blues, and whites. Blue bird’s feathers actually contain black pigment, but their structure causes them to appear blue. The scattering of light by tiny dust particles in the air, viewed against the black background of space, makes the sky look blue too.
Color Use in Plants
Color has a great effect on the survival of plants and animals. Flowers have bright hues and patterns to attract insects. These insects move from one flower to another, making sure seeds are produced. Bees can see colors we cannot, i.e. ultraviolet, and follow these patterns of stripes or dots to the inside of the flower.  
Not only flowers but also fruits use color for the good of the plant. An unripe fruit mixes in with the leaves, but ripe berries contrast, becoming more appealing to the creatures who eat them. Birds are especially drawn to red fruit, and in turn help the plant by broadcasting its seeds.
Camouflage（伪装）in Nature
Many colors and patterns camouflage animals who want to avoid enemies. Some animals have damaging shapes to break up their outline, so an enemy will not recognize them. The eye, a very recognizable animal characteristic, is often disguised by a black stripe or patch. Light color below makes up for the shadow on the underside of many fish, amphibians and mammals.
Some animals even change colors to better camouflage themselves, seasonally like the snowshoe hare.
Warning Coloration and Mimicry（动态伪装）
Warning colors make an animal more visible rather than hidden. These usually indicate a negative aspect of the animal, like the bad taste of a monarch butterfly, smelly smell or painful bite of a bee. Usually black and a contrasting color (white, yellow, orange or red) form a striking pattern in these creatures, and frighten their enemies away. Nature is tricky, though, and sometimes harmless creatures pretend the patterns of harmful ones to scare off animals living on meat too.  
Social Coloration in Nature
Sometimes coloration is important socially. Male birds, typically more colorful, defend their territories and attract females. Eggs may use color and pattern to remain hidden. When they hatch, parents feed the nestlings when they see the bright pattern in their gaping mouths.
Taking a closer look at nature throws light on how color is used in marvelous ways!

Color use in nature
___小题1:____ for colors in nature	Many colors are caused by 小题2: which produce most blacks, browns, reds and yellows.
	Other colors exist due to  小题3: , like blue bird’s feathers, which appear blue but actually contain black pigment.
Color use in Plants	Flowers have bright hues and patterns to attract insects, and then insects’ moving from one flower to another makes seeds    小题4:    .
	Fruits use colors, ripe color for example, to protect and help  小题5:  .
Color use in animals	Colors help many animals    小题6:  their killers. For example, damaging shapes can break up their outline, so an enemy will not recognize them.
	Some animals, like snowshoe hares, 小题7: change colors to camouflage them.
	Using warning colors to make themselves more小题8:  , thus frightening their enemies away.
	Harmless creatures     小题9:     to be those harmful ones to scare off their enemies.
Social use in nature	Animals use colors to defend their territories and attract the     小题10:   sex.

 

答案

小题1: Reasons.
小题1: pigments
小题1: structure.   
小题1: produced
小题1: attractions   
小题1: recognize
小题1: seasonal    
小题1: frightening  
小题1:pretend     
小题1: different

解析

1. 从Causes of Colors in Nature这句以及后面的caused by（导致）、due to（由于）可以知道是要填原因reasons,因为下面列举了两个方面的内容。
2. 此题答案来这Pigments, like the melanin in skin and many animal furs, produce most blacks, browns, reds and yellows.这句，中间like the melanin in skin and many animal furs只不过是个插入语而已，此句的真正主语就是pigments，即本题的答案.
3. 此题还是讲自然界颜色产生的原因之二，由句子Other colors are caused by structure, like many greens, blues, and whites.可知是由structure决定的。
4. 这里是讲昆虫从一朵花到另一朵花，从而制造种子。这里的make加过去分词，种子是被制造出来的，故用produced.
5. 由文中的becoming more appealing to the creatures who eat them中可知是为了增加他们的吸引力，appeal to的意思就是增加，故用attrations.
6. 文中so an enemy will not recognize them可以知道动物用颜色是为了避免敌人，让敌人不能识别它们。其实从文中Many colors and patterns camouflage animals who want to avoid enemies这句也可以知道，动态伪装就是出于这样的目的。
7. Some animals even change colors to better camouflage themselves, seasonally like the snowshoe hare是说有些动物为了更好地伪装就季节性变化颜色，此处填形容词seasonal。
8. 动物使用警告色是为了让它们的敌人感觉害怕，用frightening，－ing分词表示主动。
9. pretend to be假装..，是个固定搭配，此句中是说它们假装有害是为了吓跑敌人。
10.Male birds, typically more colorful, defend their territories and attract females.告诉我们雄鸟利用色彩亮丽的颜色是为了防卫它们的家园和吸引雌鸟，是不同的性别，故用different.