Sydney—A shark savaged a schoolboy"s leg while he was surfing with his father at
题型：不详难度：来源：
The 15-year-old boy and his father were in the water off Avalon, on Sydney"s northern beaches, around dawn when he was attacked．The city"s beaches are packed with locals and tourists during the summer months．
"The father heard a scream and turned to see his son trashing （扭动） about in the water," police said．"Fortunately, the shark swam away and the boy was helped to shore by his father．
Lifesaving Club spokesman Nick Miller: "It got him around the top of his left leg and the father came and dragged him out of water．" He said the boy was bleeding heavily when he was brought to shore．"There was a lot of pain, as you can imagine"．The teenager was airlifted to hospital for treatment for leg injuries．
Police said the bites" cut through to the bone" , but the boy did not appear to have sustained any fractures （骨折）．He was in a stable condition now．
Several beaches were closed after the attack．Water police and lifeguards were searching for the shark, while police hoped to identify its species by the shape of the bite marks．But they said it was too early to say what type of shark attacked the boy．"I don"t even know if he saw it," Miller said．
Many shark species live in the waters off Sydney"s beaches, but attacks on humans are still relatively rare．However, there were two attacks on successive days earlier this month, one on a navy diver in Sydney harbor, not far from the famous Opera House, and the other on a surfer at the city"s world-famous Bondi beach．
Fishermen say shark numbers are on the rise．There is a ban on commercial fishing in the harbor, which has increased fish stocks．Marine experts also claim environmental protection has created a cleaner environment, attracting sharks closer to shore as they chase fish．Many shark species, including the Great White—the man-eater made famous in Steven Spielberg"s Jaws—are protected in Australian waters．
小题1:The report mainly tells us _______．
| A．shark attacks on humans are on the rise |
| B．sharks attacked humans three times in one month |
| C．a boy was attacked by a shark at a Sydney beach |
| D．shark numbers are increasing in the waters off Sydney"s beaches |
| A．attracted | B．dragged |
| C．bit | D．packed |
| A．It is one of the largest cities in Australia． |
| B．Sydney harbor is not far from the famous Opera House． |
| C．There are many locals and tourists on its coast all year round． |
| D．There are few shark species in the waters off Sydney"s beaches． |
| A．environmental protection has created a cleaner environment |
| B．a ban on commercial fishing has increased fish numbers |
| C．many shark species are protected in Australia waters |
| D．the film Jaws made the Great White famous |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
试题分析：本文讲述的是在悉尼的沙滩上发生的鲨鱼攻击人类的新闻，描述了具体的情景，并分析了鲨鱼数量增加的原因。
小题1:主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Sydney—A shark savaged a schoolboy’s leg while he was surfing with his father at a beach in Sydney on February 23. It was the third shark attack along the coast of Australia’s largest city in a month.可知本文报道了在悉尼发生的鲨鱼袭击人类的新闻，故C正确。
小题2:推理题。根据文章第一段A shark savaged a schoolboy’s leg while he was surfing with his father at a beach in Sydney on February 23.和第五段Police said the bites “cut through to the bone”, but the boy did not appear to have sustained any fractures (骨折). He was in a stable condition now.可知这里的savaged是指一条鲨鱼咬了这个男孩。故C项正确。
小题3:细节题。根据文章倒数第二段2,3行However, there were two attacks on successive days earlier this month, one on a navy diver in Sydney harbor，not far from the famous Opera House,说明悉尼港离悉尼歌剧院很近，故B正确。
小题4:细节题。根据文章倒数3,4,5行There is a ban on commercial fishing in the harbor, which has increased fish stocks. Marine experts also claim environmental protection has created a cleaner environment, attracting sharks closer to the shore as they chase fish.说明ABC三项都是原因，只有D项不是，故D正确。
举一反三
It is not easy, even desperate.
“We have many children left to place—40 out of 75,” said Straub, who works for a foreign exchange programme called LEC.
When foreign exchange programmes started 50 years ago, more families were accommodating. For one thing, more mothers stayed at home. But now, increasing numbers of women work outside the home. Exchange-student programmes have struggled in recent years to sign up host families for the 30, 000 teenagers who come from abroad every year to spend an academic year in the United States, as well as the thousands more who take part in summer programmes.
School systems in many parts of the U.S., unhappy about accepting non-taxpaying students, have also strictly limited the number of exchange students they accept. At the same time, the idea of hosting foreign students is becoming less exotic(有异国情调的).
In search for host families, who usually receive no pay, exchange programmes are increasingly broadening their requests to include everyone from young couples to the retired.
“We are open to many different types of families,” said Vickie Weiner, eastern regional director for ASSE, a 25-year-old programme that sends about 30,000 teenagers on academic-year exchange programmes worldwide.
For elderly people, exchange students “keep us young—they really do”, said Jen Foster, who is hosting 16-year-old Nina Post from Denmark.
小题1:According to the text, why was it easier for Laura Straub to find American families for foreign students?
| A．American school systems were better than now. |
| B．The government was happy because it could gain tax. |
| C．Foreign students paid hosting families a lot of money. |
| D．More mothers didn’t work outside and could look after children. |
| A．extend the range of host families |
| B．limit the number of the exchange students |
| C．borrow much money to pay for the costs |
| D．make hosting foreign students more exotic |
A Exchange Students Keep Old People Young.
B. Idea of Hosting Students is Different.
C. Foreign-exchange Program Is Going on.
D U.S. Struggle to Find host Families.
March 20. 2035
There was a lot of news around the life extension drugs that hit the market a decade ago. They didn"t promise that you would live forever. but they gave you a chance to extend your life an extra five to ten years. Even though the life expectancy rate at birth has increased greatly. the life expectancy for seniors hasn"t improved that much. Basically. you have a greater chance to become a senior, but you will not have a much longer lifespan, and this is where the anti-aging drugs intend to kick in. So ,do the anti-aging drugs work? Well. it is too early to tell. But the sales so far are very good.
April 19, 2035
Of the total US population of 378 million, people over 65 years of age now make up 20% for the first time. The senior ratio was only 4.1% by year 1900. and l2.4% 30 years ago.
The number of people above 65 compared to those of what is considered working ages. between 15 and 64. is currently 33.7%. This is up from l85% since year 2005. which means that for every retired person there are now two workers. compared to four workers 30 years ago. The number of people above the age of 80 has grown t0 23.8 million; making them 6.3% of the total population compared t0 3.6% in 2005.
April 12. 2040
Although introduced in the market only five years ago, 10% of all hydrogen fuel now sold in the US is of the environmentally friendly Re-Hydro label, produced through. eletrolysis (电解) based on a source of 1OO% renewable energy. Several producers have turned to producing Re-Hydro. mainly because of lower tax. which also keeps the price of. Re-Hydro on the same level as regular hydrogen. Most analysts believe that Re-Hydro will be the .dominating fuel in the future
小题1:The sales of the life extension drugs so far clearly show that .
A. people have no faith in them
B people want to give them a try
C. they work very well for seniors
D. they have no effect on people"s health
小题2:What can we learn from News 2?
| A．Many Americans will find it hard to find a job . |
| B．It"s very hard for seniors to pass the age of 80. |
| C．The US population has been increasing rapidly since 2005. |
| D．The US population has been aging rapidly since 2005. |
A. expensive B cheap C.green D. dangerous
小题4:What can we infer from News 3?
| A．Re-Hydro will be widely used in the future. |
| B．The government discourages the production of Re-Hydro. |
| C．Producers are not interested in producing Re-Hydro. |
| D．Re-Hydro is more expensive than regular hydrogen. |
There were 239 people on the Malaysia Airlines flight, including 154 Chinese. As of March 13, 12 different countries, including Malaysia, China, Vietnam and the US, were searching for the plane.
The disappearance is an “aviation (航空) mystery”, Azharuddin Abdul Rahman, the head of Malaysia’s Civil Aviation Authority, said on March 10.There was no clear sign of a crash by March 13.
Between 1-2 hours after takeoff, the plane suddenly lost contact with people on the ground. The weather was clear, and the pilots didn’t make any calls . No evidence was found in the area where the flight last made contact. People are also talking about a possible hijacking (劫机).
International police agency Interpol confirmed on March 9 that at least two passengers on the flight had used stolen passports to get on board. “We are looking at all possibilities,” said Malaysian Transport Minister Hishamuddin Hussein. The incident is now being called simply a “plane disappearance”.
So, what are some possible causes of a plane disappearance? An AP story provided a summary.
1. A failure of the plane’s body or its engines. However, even if both engines stopped working, the plane could still glide (滑翔) for up to 20 minutes, giving pilots time to make an emergency call.
2. Bad weather. Planes are designed to fly through most severe storms. However, in June 2009, an Air France flight from Rio de Janeiro to Paris crashed during a bad storm over the Atlantic Ocean.
3. A bomb. Throughout history, several planes have been brought down by bombs.
4. An accidental shoot-down by some country’s military. In July 1988, the US Navy accidentally shot down an Iran Air flight. In September 1983, a Korean Air Lines flight was shot down by a Russian fighter jet.
No matter how unlikely a situation, it’s too early to determine what really happened to MH370. It could take months, if not years, to rule out any possibilities, say experts..
小题1:How many cities are mentioned in this passage?
| A．Four cities. | B．five cities. | C．Six cities. | D．Seven cities. |
| A．cross out | B．get rid of | C．take out | D．take the place of |
| A．An Air Crash | B．The Causes of the Disappearance |
| C．The Disappearance of MH 370 | D．An Aviation Mystery |
DAHLBERG: You start your walk through a forest of evergreens on a wooden pathway. After a while, this pathway starts to go down into the landscape.
MONTAGNE: Down into the landscape, and into a short tunnel. When you come out, you are unable to go any farther. You can"t get to the tip of the island because it has been cut off. So all you can do is look across a narrow channel of water at what is now a wall of polished stone, carved with the names of the dead.
DAHLBERG: It becomes almost like a gravestone. You cannot reach it. It"s close enough to be able to read, but it"s forever lost for your possibility to reach.
MONTAGNE: It"s being called a memory wound. Exactly what do you mean by that?
DAHLBERG: During my first site visit, the experience of seeing those gunshots—and you can see it was like being in an open wound. And it took me to a stage of deep sadness where it was hard to breathe. So I didn"t want to illustrate loss; I wanted to make actual loss. It"s just a cut through the island.
MONTAGNE: On the day of the massacre, just hours before launching his shooting on the island, the killer set off a bomb in downtown Oslo, leaving eight people dead. As those events were unfolding, artist Jonas Dahlberg had been out with his brother, and stopped in at a seaside village.
DAHLBERG: In the harbor, it was silent, and this is the higher end of summer. So, it"s normally a very lively place. And it was total silence there; and it was a very, very strange feeling in the whole small village. And it"s totally impossible to grasp what is going on. And then it just kept on. It"s still almost impossible to understand it. It"s also one of the reasons why it"s so important with memorials for these kind of things. It"s to maybe help a little bit to understand what was happening. So it"s not just about remembering. It"s also about trying to just understand.
MONTAGNE: Artist Jonas Dahlberg designed the memorial for the 69 who died at a youth camp on Utoya Island. The attack was the deadliest in Norway since World War II. That memorial will open in 2015. And to see a virtual version of what it will look like, go to our website, at npr.org. This is Renee Montagne at NPR news.
小题1:Which of the following statements is TRUE?
| A．Utoya Island was the only bloody shooting spot planned by the killer. |
| B．Utoya Island used to be a youth camp site and now has been reduced to total silence. |
| C．Dahlberg and his brother witnessed the shooting on Utoya Island. |
| D．Visitors to Utoya Island can touch the names of the victims carved on the polished stone. |
| A．the artist plans to slice through the end of an island to make actual loss |
| B．memorials are supposed to be not only about remembering but helping people to understand what was happening |
| C．this memorial shows the gunshots vividly to the visitors for them to understand what was happening |
| D．the space between is meant to symbolize how those who were killed are gone but are not forgotten |
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
What appeared to be a routine recall(召回) of about 800,000 older models, linked to a faulty ignition(点火) switch, has turned out to be anything but. The number of cars recalled has leapt to more than 2.6 million. The company"s clumsy handling of a safety problem that first became apparent a decade ago is now linked to the deaths of at least 13 motorists.
Called before Congress to answer for GM"s failings Ms Barra said she was “deeply sorry” but insisted that the post-bankruptcy “new GM” was not like the “old GM”, which had failed to deal with the ignition switches for years. Politicians and the public alike want to know how such a problem could have remained unaddressed for so long.
Cars are becoming ever more complex machines, with thousands of mechanical and electronic parts. Last year it happened to 22 million vehicles in America, compared with 18 million in 2012. In fact, GM was one of only three brands that recalled fewer vehicles than it sold. Minor problems, like squeaks(吱吱响) or rattles(卡嗒响), that do not affect safety are more common still. They may be fixed at a routine service; the owner may never know. The growing number of recalls is proof to an improving system for picking up faults.
But it is very complicated. Dealers must record replacements of parts under warranty(保修). The carmaker needs to spot the trend, recognize it as a problem and then determine whether or not it is a design fault that requires an extensive replacement. It relies on accurate recording of every warranty replacement in every region. This system appears to have broken down at “old GM”. Ms Barra needs to find out why.
The core problem is a widely used ignition switch that has a tendency to slip from the “on” position to “off” if a driver uses a heavy key-chain or bounces down a rough road. An improvement was made in 2008 to prevent the problem, which can lead to the engine shutting off, disabling the airbags. But despite a growing list of crashes and deaths, GM failed to order a recall for a component that would have cost a few dollars at most.
This is odd. Most carmakers want to identify and fix problems speedily despite having to bear the cost of buying and fitting a new component. A small part can do great harm, if bad publicity leads to reputational collapse, lost sales and law suits, including heavy penalties. Appearing to put profits before safety is an invitation to battering a firm"s shares, as GM has discovered.
So far Ms Barra has handled the situation well. She seems to have acted as soon as she found out something was wrong. GM has appointed a worldwide safety president to cut through the process that may have delayed investigation and action. And in a sweeping housecleaning, GM has recalled another 2 million vehicles in America alone. GM looks set to accept moral, if not legal, responsibility. The terms of its exit from bankruptcy give immunity to lawsuits for injuries arising beforehand. But GM is likely to compensate survivors’ and victims" families anyway.
It is not yet clear how much of a hammering GM will take. But hours before Ms Barra"s meeting with Congress, the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety issued a greatly desired “Top Safety Pick” for the new Chevrolet Malibu, one of a growing number of well-received cars from GM.
小题1:When Mary Barra took office, there was plenty more room for GM"s improvement in that ________.
a. the development of Chinese market appears to be slowing down
b. former bosses have failed to fix GM"s loss-making European arm
c. some car models lack appeal in the market
d. Mr. Akerson has left some challenges for her to handle
e. GM’s management teams are made up mainly of men
| A． a, b, and e | B． b, c, and d | C． a, b, and c | D．a, c and d |
| A．Problems like squeaks or rattles are frequent reasons for recalls. |
| B．Recalls are not uncommon in the auto industry. |
| C．Car companies welcome recalls to demonstrate improved products and services. |
| D．Minor problems may be fixed at a routine service without the owners’knowledge. |
| A．as soon as she learned about the problem, she acted without hesitation |
| B．she faced facts and apologized sincerely |
| C．she took the legal responsibilities for their previous mistakes |
| D．she appointed a new president for global safety for GM |
| A．Benefiting. | B．Regulating. | C．Purchasing. | D．Damaging. |
| A．GM"s new model Malibu is specially designed to solve ignition problems. |
| B．GM products are gaining more and more popularity around the world. |
| C．GM seems to be on the road to saving itself from mistakes. |
| D．GM has worked out a solution to the broken-down recall system. |
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