Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence develope
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Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very probably be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
小题1: The writer is in favor of the view that man’s intelligence is given to him____________.| A．at birth | | B．through education | | C．neither at birth nor through education | | D．both at birth and through education |
小题2:If a child is born with low intelligence, he can_____________________.| A．become a genius | | B．still become a genius if he should be given special education | | C．reach his intelligence limits in rich surroundings | | D．not reach his intelligence in his life. |
小题3:The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows_________.| A．the importance of their intelligence | | B．the importance of their positions | | C．the role of environment on intelligence | | D．the part that birth plays |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:C |
解析
试题分析:有些人天生就聪明？而有些人天生就愚钝吗？还是人的智商是随着我们的环境和经验而获得的呢？让人奇怪的是，这些问题的答案都是肯定的。在某种程度上人的智力是天生的，但是随着环境的变化，经验的增长，人的智商也在随之增长。
小题1:D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段问题的回答，以及下文的内容可知一个人的聪明，愚钝是天生的，但是同时人的生活环境和所受的教育也起着很大的作用，故答案选D。
小题2:C。 细节理解题。根据文章第一段Thus the limits of person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.可以判断环境在人后天智商的发展方面起着很重要的作用，所以智商低的孩子在一种好的环境下能够开发最大的潜能，故答案选C。
小题3:C。细节理解题。根据文章内容可知双胞胎的智商应该是相同的，但是在不同的环境下，他们的智力的发展却是不同的，由此判断作者用这个例子来证明环境对人智力的影响，故答案选C。 |
举一反三
Global warming happens when greenhouse gases trap heat and light from the sun in the earth’s atmosphere, which increases the temperature. This is like when heat is trapped in a car. On a hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot. This is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going through the windows，but it can’t get back out. This is what the greenhouse effect does to the earth .The heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it can’t get out As a result，the temperature rises.
Sometimes the temperature can change in a way that helps us. The greenhouse effect makes the earth appropriate for people to live on Without it，the earth would be freezing，or it would be burning hot. It would be freezing at night because we would not get the sun’s heat and light .During the day, especially during the summer, it would be burning because the sun would be up with no atmosphere to filter(过滤)it，so people，plants，and animals would be exposed to all the light and heat.
Although the greenhouse effect makes the earth able to have people living on it，if there gets to be too many gases，the each can get unusually warmer, and many plants，animals．and people will die. Plants would die because they would not be able to take the heat .This would cause us to have less food to eat, and it would also limit the food that animals have. With less food for the animals that we need to survive we would even have less food. Gradually, people，plants，and animals would all die of hunger．
People are doing many things to try to stop global warming .One thing is carpooling—driving with someone to a place that you are both going to. Another thing is being more careful about leaving electrical devices turned on. Now, more people are even riding buses or bikes to lower the amount of greenhouse gases in the air .Although adults do many things to help stop global warming, kids call do just as much.
小题1:By the example given in Paragraph l, the author wants to__________.| A．explain how global warming happens | | B．show his feeling in a car in hot summer | | C．tell us cars are causes of greenhouse gases | | D．say that I there are greenhouse gases in every car |
小题2:The underlined word ‘it” in Paragraph 2 refers to__________.| A．light | B．greenhouse effect | C．temperature | D．heat |
小题3:What is the effect of atmosphere?| A．IT only traps the heat of the sun. | | B．It does great harm to humans. | | C．It makes the earth neither to hot nor too cold. | | D．It prevents all the light from the sun shining on the earth. |
小题4:What is the main idea of the third paragraph?| A．lf there is greenhouse effect．all the plants will die | | B．Human beings are likely to disappear from the earth | | C．Crops can ′t take in the heat lf there is greenhouse effect | | D．Although greenhouse effect is necessary．Too much of it will cause us to die. |
小题5:What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?| A．What kids can do to help stop global warming. | | B．Who should be responsible for the environmental problems. | | C．What global warming is doing to the environment. | | D．Why cars and buses pollute the air a lot |
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How to deal successfully with a child showing outstanding musical ability? It’s not always clear how best to develop and encourage his gift. Many parents may even fail to recognize and respond to their children′s need until discouragement explodes into uncooperative(不合作的)behavior. And while most schools are equipped to deal with children who are especially able in academic subjects，the musically gifted require special understanding which may not always be available in an ordinary school. Such children may well benefit from the education offered by a specialist music school.
The five music schools in Britain aim to provide all environment where gifted children can develop their skills under the guidance of professional musicians. Children here spend about half of a day on musical activities，for example，individual lessons，orchestras，chamber(室内音乐的)groups，voice training，conducting and theory. They also spend several hours a day practicing in private rooms .The rest of their time is taken up with the subjects：English，maths and basic sciences.
What are the disadvantages? An obvious problem is that the fees are high .However, each school will often scholarships and other forms of financial aid. Secondly, not all parents want to send their children to boarding school, especially at an early age .Almost all the directors of the specialist schools express doubts about the wisdom of admitting children as young as seven into such a tense and disciplined（守纪律的)environment. They stress，however, that their main aim is to turn out “well-rounded and well—balanced individual.”
小题1:If a child’s musical ability is not recognized___________.| A．the child may behave badly | | B．the ability may fade away | | C．the child may lose interest | | D．the parents may become anxious |
小题2:What probably may musically gifted children face in ordinary schools?| A．Their academic work may suffer． | | B．Schools lack musical equipment | | C．Music is not seen as an important subject | | D．Parents and teachers don’t work together． |
小题3:What makes specialist music schools different from other schools?| A．Their working day is longer． | | B．A range of musical training is offered | | C．More than half the day is spent on music | | D．The children have mostly one-to-one lessons |
小题4:According to school directors，what is a possible disadvantage for pupils?| A．Poor children may not be included | | B．They may lose their individuality | | C．There may be a discipline problem | | D．They may be too small on arrival |
小题5:The passage mainly talks about__________.| A．education and development about children | | B．disadvantages of music schools | | C．music schools for children with music gift | | D．how to deal with music talented children |
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When 18th-century scientists first came across Australia’s platypus(鸭嘴兽), they thought it was a trick. It is not surprising that the platypus made people confused. This funny-looking animal has feet and is a kind of warm-blooded mammal.
While other mammals usually keep their blood at around 37 degrees, the platypus has a lower body temperature of 32 degrees. As to its appearance, the platypus’mouth is not really like ducks’at all; its mouth actually looks a bit soft. The platypus closes its eyes when swimming. It uses its mouth to pick up outside information made by the creatures underwater.
Strangest of all, the platypus is a mammal that can lay eggs. And there is only one other kind of mammal that can lay eggs, the echidna (针鼹鼠) of Australia. Both the platy-pus and the echidna lay soft-shelled eggs, and both feed their young with their own milk that comes out of their skin. These animals also walk in a way that is similar to crocodiles(鳄鱼), with legs on the sides of their bodies rather than under them.
Though pretty, in a special way, the platypus is actually one of the few mammals that are poisonous. A male platypus has knife-like bones on its back legs which have enough poison to kill a dog.
The platypus has the honor of being one of the oldest mammals in the world. Until the early 20th century, it was hunted for its fur, but the situation has changed. Although the platypus is easily affected by pollution, it is not under any immediate threat.
小题1: What can we learn about the platypus according to the text?| A．It has a lower body temperature than other mammals. | | B．It only closes its eyes when underwater. | | C．It’s the only poisonous mammal in the world. | | D．It feeds its young on wild animal meat. |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT used as a comparison with the platypus in the text?| A．The crocodile. | B．The echidna. | C．The duck. | D．The dog. |
小题3:The following characteristics of the platypus have been described in the text EXCEPT ________.| A．its natural enemy | B．its appearance | | C．its walking pose | D．its daily diet |
小题4:We can infer from the last paragraph that the platypus _______.| A．is hunted for its meat | B．is in danger of extinction | | C．is endangered by air pollution | D．is well-protected now |
小题5:Which of the following would be the best title for this text?| A．Platypus, a Trick? | | B．Platypus, the Only Warm-Blooded Mammal | | C．The Characteristics of Platypus | | D．The Strange Mammal —Platypus。 |
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A group of senior high school students are playing outside on a basketball court. They are shouting with excitement. And they all have the same dream. They wish to play in the NBA, just like Huston Rocket’s Yao Ming. “Someday, there will be more Chinese players like Yao in the NBA,” said 15-year-old Xie Tao, a senior 1 boy at Shanghai No. 2 Middle School. Xie always watches Yao playing on TV. “He is a great player. He makes me proud to be Chinese,” he said.
Like Xie, 17-year-old Liu Yan at Beijing No. 22 Middle School is also a big NBA fan. “Since early May, I’ve not missed one game in the NBA,” said the senior 3 student.
Basketball is becoming popular in middle schools across the country. And more young players are starting to like the sport. More students are playing the game.
Jiang Hui, a basketball teacher at Beijing No. 2 Middle School, said that 85 percent of the students at this school like the sport. “Students are full of passion for the game,” Jiang’s team won the regional first prize in the 2004 National High School Boy’s Basketball League in march. The league is the first national basketball competition for high school students.
Playing basketball is a good way to exercise. But students also enjoy it for other reasons. For Li Yan, a Senior 2 at Shanghai No. 12 Middle School, basketball teaches him lessons in life. “When I am in a game, I feel more confident about my studies, “ he said. “ It also teaches me to have a good team spirit and to enjoy friendship.”
小题1:The same dream of the group of senior high school students is to ______.| A．to play in the NBA | B．be as tall as Yao Ming | | C．watch Yao Ming playing on TV | D．visit Huston Rocket’s center |
小题2:How many students are mentioned in the passage?小题3:Which school team won the regional first prize in the first national basketball competition for high school students?| A．Shanghai No. 2 Middle School. | B．Beijing No. 22 Middle School. | | C．Beijing No. 2 Middle School. | D．Shanghai No. 12 Middle School. |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?| A．Basketball is becoming popular in middle schools in Chine. | | B．The 2004 National High School Boy’s Basketball League was held in May. | | C．Playing basketball is a good way to exercise. | | D．Students enjoys playing basketball for a lot of reasons. |
小题5:Who learns to have a good team spirit from playing basketball?| A．Xie Tao | B．Yao Ming | C．Jiang Hui | D．Li Yan |
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The year is 2094,It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth.Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth.
On 17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a massive explosion.About half of the piece is destoryed but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200times the speed of sound.The sea boils and a huge gole is made in the sea bed.Huge waves are created and spread outwards form the hole.The eall of water,a kilometer high,rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour.Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.
Before the waves reach South America.the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina.Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Moutains.The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles,San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes,Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead,but the north won’t eacape for long.Because of the explosions the sun is hidden by clouds of dust,and temperatures around the world fall to almost zero.Crops are ruined.The sun won’t be seen again for many years.Wars break out as countries fight for food.A year later,no more than 10 million remain laive.
Could it really happen?In fact,it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth.The dinesaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years,Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dinosaurs couldn’t live through the cold climate that followed and they died out .Will we meet the same end ?
小题1:What is mainly described in the passage ?| A．A historic discovery | B．A research on space | | C．A scientific adventure | D．An imaginary event |
小题2:When the first piece hits the South Atlantic,it causes_______.| A．an earthquake | B．huge waves | | C．damages to cities | D．an Earth explosion |
小题3:Why can’t the northern half of the earth escape ofr long?| A．Because the land is covered with water. | | B．because people there can not live at the temperature of zero. | | C．Because wars break out among countries. | | D．Because the light and heat from the sun can not reach the earth. |
小题4:By giving the example if dinosaurs,the author tries to prove________.| A．animals could not live in the cold climate. | | B．what happened 65 mollion years ago was an invented story. | | C．the human beings will die out in 2094 | | D．the Earth could be hit by other objects in space |
小题5:We may guess that the writer is_________.| A．worried | B．full of imagination | C．practical | D．a scientist |
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