The library is one of the most popular places at a western university.Students t
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The library is one of the most popular places at a western university.Students turn to it for research，conversations about class，and many other services.
Compared with Chinese libraries，college libraries in the US and UK tend to offer more resources.A postgraduate at Yale University can borrow as many as 225 books at a time.
In addition to borrowing books，there are online and electronic resources.These include a database search of popular and academic material，such as LexisNexis Academic，which offers items from newspapers and magazines.
Although books and articles are the items that students ask for most frequently，some libraries provide audio and video recordings，maps and sheet music(活页乐谱)．At some schools，teachers and tutors put electronic copies of their teaching PPTs on the library web to give easier access for students.
Another useful service in western college libraries is the Interlibrary Loan.This allows a student at one school to borrow books from another school.The loan request is made through the student’s college library，which gets the book，gives it to the user，and arranges for its return.
Technology has brought more services to students and has made libraries attractive.Some universities have services for students to send messages through the computer or mobile texts to ask the library staff for information.
Earlier this year，Harvard University introduced a new Scan and Deliver service，allowing students to make requests for parts of books and articles.Requests made through the system are handled by library staff.The student receives an email with an Internet link to the scanned pages.The service is free and all material comes within four days.
It used to be that libraries didn’t allow food or drinks.But that rule is changing and many of them now contain a café so students can spend as much time as they want in the library.
Actually，some US university libraries are now allnight affairs，or have at least one study room open all night.
小题1:In western college libraries a postgraduate can ________.| A．have a free drink or a meal | | B．borrow as many books as they want | | C．ask questions and get answers from their tutors | | D．access not only books but other study resources |
小题2:LexisNexis Academic is the name of a ________.| A．guide | B．library | | C．database | D．university |
小题3:Which of the following are mostly needed by students in western libraries?| A．Books and articles. | | B．Audio and video recordings. | | C．Maps and sheet music. | | D．Tutors’ teaching PPTs. |
小题4:Which of the following statements is TRUE?| A．Chinese library services are better than western ones. | | B．Library staff play an important role in college library service. | | C．Postgraduates can post their own PPTs on the library website. | | D．24hour services are adopted in all western libraries nowadays. |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B |
解析
小题1: D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In addition to borrowing books，there are online and electronic resources.”可知答案。
小题2: C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“These include a database search of popular and academic material，such as LexisNexis Academic，which offers items from newspapers and magazines.”可知，LexisNexis Academic是涵盖了报纸和报刊资源的数据库。
小题3: A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段首句“Although books and articles are the items that students ask for most frequently...”可知答案为A项。
小题4: B
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中的“...ask the library staff for information.”和倒数第三段哈佛大学推出的Scan and Deliver服务推断，图书管理员在大学图书馆服务中起着重要作用。 |
举一反三
Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy，but this one is clean and cool.Fox Point is a very new 47unit living building in South Bronx，one of the city’s poorest areas.Twothirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people，whose rent is paid by the government.The rest are lowincome families.The boiler room has special equipment，which produces energy for electricity and heat.It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air，reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs.
Fox Point is operated by Palladia，a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy people.Palladia received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP)，which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers.
ECP has created national standards for healthy，environmentally (环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called the Green Communities Standards.These standards include water keeping，energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials.Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%，which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs.Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.
Michael Bloomberg，New York’s mayor，plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for 500,000 New Yorkers.Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse gas emissions come from buildings，and 40% of those are caused by housing.So he recently announced that the city’s Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD)，whose duty is to develop and keep the city’s supply of affordable housing，will require all its new projects to follow ECP’s green standards.
Similar measures have been taken by other cities，such as Cleveland and Denver，but New York’s DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.(2010·四川，B)
小题1:What is the purpose of describing the boiler rooms in the first paragraph?| A．To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people. | | B．To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas. | | C．To show how the environmentfriendly building works. | | D．To compare old and new boiler rooms. |
小题2:What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards?| A．Lower running costs. | | B．Costing less in construction. | | C．Less air to be lost in hot days. | | D．Better prices for homeless people. |
小题3:It can be learned from the text that________.| A．New York City is seriously polluted | | B．people’s daily life causes many carbon emissions in New York City | | C．a great number of people in New York City don’t have houses to live in | | D．some other cities have developed more affordable housing than New York City |
小题4:What is the main purpose of this text?| A．To call on people to pay more attention to housing problems. | | B．To prove that some standards are needed for affordable housing. | | C．To ask society to help homeless people and lowincome families. | | D．To introduce healthy，environmentally clever and affordable housing. |
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Almost every machine with moving parts has wheels，yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for.We do know，however，that they existed over 5,500 years ago in ancient Asia.
The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia.It is over 5,100 years old.Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didn’t become popular for a while，though.This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.
But it could also be because of a difficult situation.While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces，roads with smooth surfaces weren’t going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them.Eventually，road surfaces did become smoother，but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later.There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.
In the mid1700s，a Frenchman came up with a new design of road—a base layer(层) of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones.A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong，lasting road surface became a reality.At around the same time，metal hubs (the central part of a wheel)came into being，followed by the pneumatic tyre(充气轮胎) in 1846.Alloy wheels were invented in 1967，sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads(柏油路)．As wheel design took off，vehicles got faster and faster. (2013·重庆，C)
小题1:What might explain why transport wheels didn’t become popular for some time?| A．Few knew how to use transport wheels. | | B．Humans carried farming tools just as well. | | C．Animals were a good means of transport. | | D．The existence of transport wheels was not known. |
小题2:What do we know about road design from the passage?| A．It was easier than wheel design. | | B．It improved after big changes in vehicle design. | | C．It was promoted by fastmoving vehicles. | | D．It provided conditions for wheel design to develop. |
小题3:How is the last paragraph mainly developed?| A．By giving examples. | | B．By making comparisons. | | C．By following time order. | | D．By making classifications. |
小题4:What is the passage mainly about?| A．The beginning of road design. | | B．The development of transport wheels. | | C．The history of public transport. | | D．The invention of fastmoving vehicles. |
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When you consider what subject to study in college, chances are that you and your parents will think about what you can make out of it after graduation. You will likely ask the question: “Can I find a well-paid job or simply a job with a degree in this in the future?”
This consideration also influences students when they come to choose between studying science or humanities (人文学科) at college. People generally believe that the humanities, which include literature , history, cultural studies and philosophy, do not prepare students for a specific vocation (职业). Science subjects, however, are considered vocational courses that produce scientists, engineers and economists (经济学家).
“I"ve decided to take finance as my college major. My parents and I think this subject will help me get a good job or start a business,” said Huachen Yueru, 17, a science student at Wuxi No. 1 High School.
Even those who choose a liberal arts (文科) education often pick the humanities subject which they think will best help them later find a job.
“I"m going to study Spanish in college, which I believe will open doors to a high-paying job for me,” said Liu Chao, 18, a Senior 2 student at Dalian No 20 High School. He said few of his classmates show interest in subjects like philosophy and history, which are seen as “less promising” in job markets.
The popularity of liberal arts subjects among college students has also been decreasing in the United States. American scholars (学者) and universities are concerned that in the ongoing economic crisis (经济危机) liberal arts subjects will be hit hardest. As money tightens (紧缩), they worry that the humanities may become “a great luxury (奢侈品) that many cannot afford”, according to the New York Times.
小题1: When you consider what to study in college, what does you and your parents usually think about ? | A．whether you are interested in the subject. | | B．if you can lead a happy life. | | C．what you can make out of it after graduation. | | D．How much you can learn in the college. |
小题2:Why do students show little interest in the subjects, like philosophy or history ? | A．Because they are not interested in them. | | B．Because they think these subjects are useless. | | C．Because they see these subjects as less-promising in job market. | | D．Because they like the science subjects. |
小题3: What can we infer from the passage ?| A．Humanities are becoming less and less popular with the students. | | B．Studying science subjects is sure to find a well-paid job. | | C．The humanities in college should be cancelled. | | D．The writer thinks those who choose the liberal arts education will choose their favorite subjects. |
小题4: What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the first paragraph ?| A．the subject you study in college | B．science | C．humanities | D．liberal arts |
体裁：说明文 词数：326 难度系数：☆☆☆☆ 建议用时：8分钟
类别：细节理解+推理判断题+词义猜测题 本文标题 ：…Arts in crisis… |
Disposing(处理)of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it.As more and more people choose to live close together in cities,the waste-disposal problem becomes Increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century,it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site.Residents or trash haulers(垃圾拖运者)would transport household rubbish,rotted wood,and old possessions to the site.Periodically(定期的)some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried.The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.
Factories,mills,and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of.Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water.Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society.The first problem is space Dumps,which are now called landfills,are most needed in heavily populated areas.Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose.Property is either too expensive or too close to residential(住宅区的) neighborhoods.Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere,cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent.
Awareness(意识) of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers,ground water,land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste,however,continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become commonplace,and many towns require their people to take part.Even he most efficient recycling programs,however,can hope to deal with only about 50 Percent of a city’s reusable waste.
小题1:The most suitable title for this passage would be _______.| A．Places for Disposing Waste | B．Waste Pollution Dangers | | C．Ways of Getting Rid of Waste | D．Waste Disposal Problem |
小题2:During the 18th century,people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for _______.| A．burying it | B．recycling it | | C．burning it | D．throwing it into rivers |
小题3:What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?| A．Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society. | | B．There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society. | | C．It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society. | | D．Ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same. |
小题4:The main purpose of writing this article is to _______.| A．draw people’s attention to waste management | | B．warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing | | C．call on people to take part in recycling programs | | D．tell people a better way to get rid of the waste |
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EDGEWOOD—Every morning at Dixie Heights High school, customers pour into a special experiment :the district’s first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs.
Well before classes start, students and teachers order Lattes, Cappuccinos and Hot Chocolates. Then, during the first period, teachers call in orders on their room phones, and students make deliveries.
By closing time at 9.20 a.m. , the shop usually sells 90drinks.
“whoever made the chi tea, Ms. Schwartzman says it was good, ”Christy McKinley , a second year student , announced recently, after hanging up with the teacher.
The shop is called the Dixie PIT, which stands for Power in Transition. Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.
They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs. They keep a timecard and receive paychecks, which they keep in check registers.
Special-education teachers Kim Chevalier and Sue Casey introduced the Dixie PIT from a similar program at Kennesaw Mountain High School in Georgia.
Not that it was easy. Chevalier’s first problem to overcome was product-related. Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content?
Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped. She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition（营养）guidelines.
The whole school has joined in to help.
Teachers agreed to give up their lounge(休息室)in the morning. Art students painted the name of the shop on the wall. Business students designed the paychecks. The basketball team helped pay for cups.
小题1:.What is the text mainly about？| A．A best-selling coffee. | | B．A special educational program. | | C．Government support for schools. | | D．A new type of teacher-student relationship. |
小题2:The Dixie PIT program was introduced in order to .| A．raise money for school affairs | | B．do some research on nutrition | | C．develop students’ practical skills | | D．supply teachers with drinks |
小题3:How did Christy McKinley know Ms. Schwartzman’s opinion of the chi tea？| A．She met her in the shop. | | B．She heard her telling others. | | C．She talked to her on the phone. | | D．She went to her office to deliver the tea. |
小题4:We know from the text that Ginger Gray .| A．manages the Dixie PIT program in Kenton County | | B．sees that the drinks meet health standards | | C．teaches at Dixie Heights High School | | D．owns the school’s coffee shop |
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