阅读理解。 Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they wer
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阅读理解。 |
Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy. Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory. Do you know what a "territory" is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims as its own. Only he and his family are welcome there. No other families of the same species are welcome. Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome. If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you, you might shout. Probably this would be enough to frighten him away. If so, you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him. A bird does the same thing. But he expects an outsider almost any time, especially at nesting season. So he is screaming all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not. This screaming is what we call a bird"s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away. Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs. You can see that birds have a language all their own. Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories. |
1. According to the passage, most of the time birds" singing is actually . |
A. an expression of happiness B. a way of warning C. an expression of anger D. a way of greeting |
2. What is a bird"s "territory"? |
A. A place where families of other species are not accepted. B. A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice. C. An area for which birds fight against each other. D. An area which a bird considers to be its own. |
3. Why do birds keep on singing at nesting season? |
A. Because they want to invite more friends. B. Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away. C. Because they want to find outsiders around. D. Because their singing helps get rid of their fears. |
4. How does the writer explain birds" singing? |
A. By comparing birds with human beings. B. By reporting experiment results. C. By describing birds" daily life. D. By telling a bird"s story. |
答案
1-4: BDBA |
举一反三
阅读理解。 |
Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims. The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people"s hair. "You"re what you eat and drink, and that"s recorded in your hair," said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah. While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as rain clouds move. Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素). The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah. Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months. Cerling"s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops. They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of rain systems. "It"s not good for pinpointing (精确定位)," Cerling said. "It"s good for eliminating many possibilities." Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake. The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair. When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months. She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming. "It"s still a substantial area," Park said "But it narrows it way down for me." |
1. What is the scientists" new discovery? |
A. One"s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink. B. A person"s hair may reveal where they have lived. C. Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.. D. The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person. |
2.What does the author mean by "You"re what you eat and drink" (Line 1, Para.3)? |
A. Food and drink affect one"s personality development. B. Food and drink preferences vary with individuals. C. Food and drink leave traces in one"s body tissues. D. Food and drink are essential to one"s existence. |
3.What is said about the rainfall in America"s West? |
A. There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah. B. The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland. C. Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas. D. It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward. |
4.What is the practical value of Cerling"s research? |
A. It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions. B. It helps the police determine where a crime is committed. C. It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work. D. It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation. |
阅读理解。 |
If there is one thing I"m sure about,it is that a hundred years later we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturdays or Sundays. But for most people,reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature(特征) of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories,the coverage(报道) of the wars,earthquakes and other disasters,will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research,though,the research happening in areas that may directly affect our lives,like genetic(基因) engineering. In the future,I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It"s quite possible that in the next century,newspapers will be transmitted (传输)electronically from the Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact,I"m pretty sure how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu and make up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read-say,sports,international news,ect. I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media. They actually feed-off(依靠) each other. Some people once foresaw(预见) that television would kill off newspapers,but that hasn"t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures flashed up on a screen or sounds lost in the air. And as for the Internet,it"s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen. |
1. What is the best title for the passage? |
A. The Best Way to Get News B. The Changes of Media C. Make Your Own Newspaper D. The Future of Newspaper |
2. In the writer"s opinion,in the future________. |
A. more big political affairs,wars and disasters will make news B. newspapers will not be printed in publishing houses any longer C. newspapers will cover more scientific research D. more and more people will read newspapers |
3. What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourself? |
A. Sports and international news. B. A menu of important news. C. The most important news. D. What you are interested in. |
阅读理解。 |
An Australian-based scientist announced yesterday he had made a step forward in forensic (用于法 庭的) DNA testing so that an individual can be identified by a single cell. Ian Findlay, from the Australian Genome Research Facility at the University of Queensland, said current DNA testing required 200 to 500 cells to gain a similar level of accuracy. "What we have done has brought that down to one cell," Dr Findlay said after releasing details of his DNA testing technique at a Sydney conference. The technology could allow investigators to pick up DNA identities from plastic cards and even build up a complete history of the people who have handled a paper document. "You"d have to wear a space suit to stop yourself from leaving traces. You can identify cells on the paper, so you can work out where it"s come from and who"s touched it," he said. The technique could also be used to trace the thrower of a punch (打孔) from cells left behind on the skin of their victim. Even the wearing of latex(橡胶)gloves would not help: small cells can pass through the gloves, and the constant flow of genetic material given off by the human body would leave further evidence. "We gained a skin cell from a document dating back 30 years and managed to gain a DNA fingerprint. DNA evidence can remain fresh for decades, perhaps even centuries," Dr Findlay said. "The potential for this technology to solve unsolved crimes is great, "he said. But Dr Findlay, named scientist of the year in 1998 by the European Society of Human Genetics, said the new testing needed to be scientifically validated, which would take up to five years. He said, "There are serious consequences taking on technologies too early. The public has to be sure that they have the utmost confidence in the security and court systems." |
1. The main advantage of the new technology is that ______. |
A. it has brought down the cost of DNA testing B. a single cell can identify an individual C. a higher level of accuracy can be acquired with a single cell D. it needs less than 200 cells to gain a certain level of accuracy |
2. The underlined word" validated" means ______. |
A. proved true B. imagined good C. supposed commonly D. criticized strongly |
3. According to Ian Findlay, the new technology can ______. |
A. help to keep DNA evidence fresh for decades and even centuries B. make the process of DNA testing much more simplified C. help to pick up DNA identities more easily D. be widely used in five years at most |
4. The last paragraph suggests that ______. |
A. the immediate adopting of the technology may cause mistakes B. the public have acknowledged the new testing technology C. it is safe to put the new technology into use now D. Dr Findlay is quite sure of his new technology |
5. The aim of the passage is to ______. |
A. praise Ian Findlay for his work B. inform us of the wide use of DNA testing C. report a piece of interesting news D. tell us a recent improvement in DNA testing |
阅读理解。 |
It seems that school children all over the world complain about their school food. Cherie Blair, the wife of previous Prime Minister Tony Blair, said that she would prepare a packed lunch for her son if school dinners do not improve. So what do students of your age eat for lunch at school? Japan High schools have canteens (食堂), which serve everything from noodles to rice, but no hamburger and chips. Other children bring food from home such as cold rice balls, meat or fish, pickles (泡菜) and vegetables. Students take home a menu for the coming month containing notes on nutrition (营养) value. Twice a year parents are invited to have a taste of the food. The class with the fewest leftovers (剩饭) at the end of the month receives a prize. Untied States A typical menu from a US school is made up of a hamburger with fried potatoes or roast chicken, lettuce and pickles, fruit and cookies. School lunches must also provide at least one-third of the daily dietary allowances (定量) of protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, calcium, and calories. Australia Meat pies, sausage rolls and hotdogs are all traditional dishes in Australian school shops. But as the nation pays more attention to children"s health, healthier foods have started to find their way onto school menus. Many schools have used a "traffic light system". The sale of red-labelled foods, including cakes, chocolate and soft drinks, is served only twice a week. Healthier green-labelled foods such as sushi (寿司), sandwiches, corn and watermelon, however, are available every day. In some schools, students have a choice of up to 89 foods to choose from, including popcorn and rice. South Africa Most of South Africa"s schools do not serve meals at all. Classes end at 1:30 pm and students get their own lunches. Many students bring food from home, usually sandwiches. Fast food and fried food sell the best among students, which has led to a rise in obesity among children. But as more people began to realize the fact that being too fat may cause different diseases, some schools in towns have led the way towards better nutrition. Now students at these schools are provided with lunches of porridge with vegetables, such as cabbages, onions, beans, carrots and tomatoes. |
1. What does the underlined word "obesity" in the last paragraph probably mean? |
A. Nutrition B. Addiction C. Food shortage D. Overweight. |
2. We can infer from the passage that ______. |
A. a typical menu from a US school consists of enough nutrition. B. most of the students in South Africa eat their lunch at home. C. many schools in Australia have traffic lights outside their school. D. you can have whatever you like in school canteens in Japan. |
3. What is the main idea of the passage? |
A. Schools should try to satisfy the needs of students. B. Schools serve different foods from country to country. C. Schools should supply the students with the best food. D. School children all over the world dislike their school food. |
4. The article is written for ______. |
A. parents B. schoolmasters C. nutritionists D. students of your age |
阅读理解。 |
Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color. The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans.The other is found in 93 t0 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science. Scientists have changed the color of a dark - striped zebrafish (斑马鱼) to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish.As with humans, zebrafish skin color is deter-mined by pigment cells,which contain melanin (黑色素).The number, size and darkness of melanin perpigment cell determine skin color. It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light - skinned Europeans also have a mutation (变异) in the gene for melanin production.This results in less pigrnented skin. However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in hu-man ancl zebrafish genes. Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about l.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra - violetrays of the sun. which can cause skin cancer. But when modem humans leave Africa to live in northem latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng. Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said Cheng. The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer.lt also could lead to research in-to ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson. |
1. Scientists have done an experiment on a dark -striped zebrafish in order to |
A. fincl the different genes o humans" B. prove the humans" skin color is determined by the pigment gene C. find out the reason why the Africans" skin color is dark D. fincl out the ways of changing people"s skin color |
2. It can be inferred from the passage that . |
A. nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer 8 lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene C. the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer D. there are two kinds of genes |
3.The passage mainly tells us that . |
A. scientists have found out that people"s skin color is determined by the gene B. the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely C. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked D. people can not change their skin color without any pain |
4. The reason why Europeans are light - skinned is probably that . |
A. they are bom light - skinned people B. light - skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production C. they have fewer activities outside D. they pay much attention to protecting their skin |
5. The writer"s attitude towarcls the discovery is . |
A. neutral B. negative C. indifferent D. positive |
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