“Why should I care about the environment?” some people ask. There is a very simp
题型：不详难度：来源：
“Why should I care about the environment?” some people ask. There is a very simple reason: We live on the earth, and it is the only place we can live on right now, as we cannot live in space yet. If we treat the earth like a garbage dump, it will become dirty and unlivable. If we treat it well by being eco-conscious, the earth will stay clean and suitable for living, for ourselves and for our children.
What is “being eco-conscious”?
Being eco-conscious means being aware of your actions, and what you do to the environment. For example, you might think, “Using hairspray is great for fixing my hair.” However, if you are eco-conscious, you would ask, “Does this hairspray have CFCs in it? Could I be destroying the earth by using hairspray?”
How can I be eco-conscious?
You can find many simple ways to help the environment in your everyday life.
When you go shopping, bring a bag or a basket with you. Please try not to use plastic bags as much as you can.
You can go to work by bike or on foot if it is not far from your home.
You can put your rubbish into different bags, which makes it convenient for recycling.
You can eat less chewing gum.
You can use your own chopsticks instead of the disposable ones in your company or in restaurants.
You can put batteries in a special box instead of in garbage bins.
You can use the water which has been used for washing vegetables or fruits to clean the floor and the toilet or to water your garden.
You can turn off the decorative lights in your room when watching TV.
You can turn down your air conditioner by one degree, as this will cause a 10% reduction in energy use.
You can use recycled paper. Every ton of recycled office paper saves 380 gallons of oil. You can also use recycled glass instead of glass made from raw materials. This will reduce the related air pollution by 20%, and the related water pollution by 50%.
Please believe that. If you do a little, it will make a big difference.
小题1:Human beings should care about the environment because _________ .| A．if we make the earth unlivable, we’ll have to live in space | | B．it can help our children live better | | C．if we don’t, the earth will become a garbage dump | | D．it will help to make the world a good living place |
小题2:If your deskmate is an eco-conscious person, he should __________.| A．be aware of the importance of protecting the environment | | B．use plastic bags when he buys something | | C．know nothing about CFCs | | D．turn his air conditioner to a higher degree |
小题3:If you want to help the environment, you should do all the following EXCEPT ________.| A．share a car with your colleagues | | B．use paper bags instead of plastic bags | | C．use hairspray containing CFCs | | D．use recycled glass instead of glass made from raw materials |
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that _________.| A．it’s very hard for human beings to keep the earth clean and comfortable | | B．protecting the environment is the duty of everybody | | C．we should protect the environment together, as it’s no use doing it individually | | D．it’s very easy to be eco-conscious |
小题5:According to the author, which of the following statements is WRONG?| A．Being eco-conscious means you should know much about the environment. | | B．The more we care, the better the environment will be. | | C．If each of us just does a little, we can’t make any difference. | | D．If we treat the earth badly, we’ll make a lot of trouble for ourselves. |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:B
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：本文叙述了因为我们现在只能住在地球上，所以保护环境就是非常重要的，我们每个人都必须有环保意识，文中提到了为了保护我们的生存环境应该怎样做。
小题1:细节理解题。根据We live on the earth, and it is the only place we can live on right now； If we treat the earth like a garbage dump, it will become dirty and unlivable.故选D。
小题2:细节理解题。根据Being eco-conscious means being aware of your actions, and what you do to the environment.他应该注意到保护环境的重要性，故选A。
小题3:细节理解题。根据if you are eco-conscious, you would ask, “Does this hairspray have CFCs in it? Could I be destroying the earth by using hairspray?”可知不能用含有CFCs的，故选C。
小题4:推理判断题。根据根据短文的内容可知因为我们每一个人都生活在地球上，保护环境人人有责，故选B。
小题5:细节理解题。根据If you do a little, it will make a big difference.故选C。
点评：细节理解题是阅读理解题中必考的一种题型，其解题依据主要在阅读材料中找。笔者发现，这种题型可以用“重现”的方法来解答。所谓“重现”，就是指某一个单词或短语的同义、反义、上下义、同根词或原词在文中重复出现的现象。这种方法常用于解答完形填空，但用来解答阅读理解细节题也同样管用。细节理解题的重现指的是：正确答案选项语句中的单词或短语与阅读材料中的单词或短语构成一种重复出现的关系。它同样可以分为：同义、反义、上下义、同根词或原词。 |
举一反三
Eco City Farms are becoming more popular in cities and towns around the Unites States.
Eco City Farms in Edmonton, Maryland, is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes. The neighborhood is a working-class community. People do not have very much money. And they have limited access to fresh food in markets.
Over the past two years, the farm has attracted volunteers form the community like Marcy Clark. She schools her four children at home. On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson, her son Alston Clark thinks his experience is very valuable. “I like coming out here,” he says, “You know, you connect with the earth, where your food comes from. You appreciate the food a little bit more.”
Margaret Morgan started Eco City Farms. She thinks of it as a place where people can learn to live healthier lives. “Growing food in a community brings people together, ”she continues, “Every piece of what we do here is a demonstration (范例) to show people everything about how to have an eco-friendly community.” she says. From the Eco City Farms people come to know that they are not only growing food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost (肥料) made from food waste.
Eco City Farms is an experimental operation. The farm gets its power not from the local electricity networks, but from the sun with solar panels (板). In winter, the green house use a geothermal (地热) system.
Vegetables can be grown all year. So once a week, all winter long, neighbors like Chris Moss and her three children bike to the farm to pick up a share of the harvest.
“I like eating the vegetables” say five-year-old Owen Moss.
小题1:What is mainly talked about in the passage?| A．Eco City Farms save a lot of energy. | | B．Eco City Farms are influencing community life. | | C．Eco City Farms helps the working-class live better. | | D．Eco City Farms are gaining popularity. |
小题2:What is the author’s attitude toward Eco City Farms?| A．Enthusiastic. | B．Disappointed. | | C．Surprised. | D．Doubtful. |
小题3:According to the passage, Eco City Farms are close to the following places EXCEPT______.| A．shopping centers | | B．car repair shops | | C．fast-food restaurants | | D．working-class community |
小题4:In which of a newspaper can you most probably read this article?| A．People. | B．Travel. | | C．Environment. | D．Education. |
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Certain animals know without analysis the difference between a number of objects and a smaller number. In his book The Natural History of Selbourne (1786), the naturalist Gilbert White tells how he surreptitiously removed one egg a day from a kind of bird Plover’s nest, and how the mother laid another egg each day to make up for the missing one. He notes that other kinds of birds ignore the loss of a single egg, but if more than one egg has been removed, they will give up their nests. It has also been noted that a certain type of bees always provides five—never four, never six—caterpillars (毛虫) for each of their eggs so that their young have something to eat when the eggs have hatched out. Research has also shown that both mice and pigeons can be taught to distinguish between odd (奇数) and even (偶数) numbers of food pieces.
These have led some people to think that creatures can actually count. They also point to dogs that have been taught to respond to questions about numbers with the correct number of barks.
Animals respond to quantities only when they are connected to survive as in the case of the eggs, or survive as in the case of food. They can “count” only when the objects are present and only when the numbers involved are small—no more than seven or eight. In lab experiments, animals which are trained to count one kind of objects were unable to count any other type. What interests them are the objects, not the numbers. Animals’ achievements simply are not equal to evidence of counting. They only show the results of clever, careful training.
小题1:The author refers to Gilbert’s book in paragraph 1 in order to_______.| A．support the idea that animals can count | | B．show attitudes have changed since 1786 | | C．prove that some animals are aware of quantities | | D．indicate that more research is needed in this field |
小题2:The author mentions all of the following are aware of quantities in some way EXCEPT _______.| A．caterpillars | B．bees | | C．mice | D．plovers |
小题3:The underlined word “surreptitiously” probably means _______.| A．quickly | B．carefully | | C．occasionally | D．secretly |
小题4:Where does this text probably come from?| A．A news report. | B．A science fiction. | | C．A park guide. | D．A biology magazine. |
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The sea horse is a magical animal, which has puzzled （使困惑） people for thousands of years. In ancient Rome sea horses were believed to be the babies of Neptune’s horses. And Neptune was the god of the ocean. Now we know they are not horses at all — they are a kind of fish. They still seem as magical as ever, especially to divers who have watched them horsing around(瞎闯) in the sea. But today, sea horse populations face an uncertain future. Fishermen are catching too many of them, and their undersea habitats （栖息地） are being destroyed.
At least 20 million sea horses are taken from the ocean each year. More than 95% are used for traditional medicines in Asian countries. The sea horses are usually dried and then made into powder which is used to treat such problems as asthma（哮喘）, throat infections, skin diseases and cuts. How well the medicines work is unclear.
Sea horses are also bought and sold in large numbers as pets. Sea horse expert Amanda Vincent warns against buying pet sea horses. “A lot of people treat them as if they’re goldfish,” she says. But sea horses require very special care and live food. Most captive (被猎取的) sea horses pick up diseases and die.
Sea horse experts are trying to teach fishermen to become sea horse farmers. Instead of pulling nets of sea horses from the ocean, fishermen could learn to raise them in specially designed saltwater “farms”. That way, fishermen would have sea horses to sell, but ocean populations would not be hurt.
Vincent and her team have only discovered the 35 different species of sea horses, and they still have plenty of sea horse secrets left to unlock. That is why, Vincent told TFK, protecting future sea horse populations is especially important: “I promise your readers that by the time they grow up to be marine biologists, we’ll still have a lot to learn.”
小题1:In the past, Romans thought the sea horse to be ______.| A．a kind of horse | B．a kind of fish | | C．the god of the ocean | D．one of Neptune’s pets |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?| A．People in Asian countries hunt sea horses for food. | | B．Most sea horses caught are used as medicine. | | C．The effects of the powder of sea horses are uncertain. | | D．35 different kinds of sea horses have been discovered. |
小题3:The underlined phrase “pick up” in Paragraph 3 probably means “______”.| A．follow | B．collect | C．get | D．create |
小题4:It can be inferred that the best way to protect sea horses is to ______.| A．do more research on sea horses | | B．teach fishermen how to farm sea horses | | C．stop hunting sea horses | | D．ban the sea horse trade |
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The south and east of the Great Lakes is famous for the huge amounts of snow it receives. When the snow starts to fall every year, people start discussing the phrase “lake-effect snow”.
Lake-effect snow which is influenced by the movement of cold air over the relatively warm water of the Great Lakes often comes in late autumn and early winter. Because of the at least 20 degrees’ difference between the lake water and the overrunning air, it’s easy to form huge amounts of snow.
As the cool air crosses the water of Great Lakes, the lowest levels of the atmosphere begin to warm and pick up moisture. This newly warmed atmosphere is lighter than the cold air above it, so it starts rising. As the changed air continues to climb higher and higher, it finally meets much colder atmosphere which changes the moisture into water drops and ice, forming clouds. After this course repeats a number of times, the clouds become heavier and heavier, and then they are changed into snow and fall down.
The most important point that decides the amount of snowfall is the direction of the wind. If the wind runs perpendicularly（垂直地）across the lake, there won’t be plenty of time for clouds to develop. However, if the wind runs in the opposite direction, clouds will form easily. The longer the cold air travels over the lake, the more moisture it is able to produce, which leads to a greater amount of snow.
The largest amount of the lake-effect snow was found across the U.P. of Michigan, the northwestern Pennsylvania and the far southwestern and northwestern New York, which are all along the south or east of the Great Lakes. It has been over 100 inches of snowfall in a winter season.
小题1:The level of the snowfall depends on ________.| A．the size of the lake | | B．the direction of the wind | | C．the temperature of the lake | | D．the strength of the wind |
小题2:From the passage, we can learn that ________.| A．clouds are easy to produce with the help of the perpendicular wind | | B．cold air always falls down and picks up moisture to form clouds | | C．the temperature of the lake water is the same as the overrunning air’s above it | | D．the longer journey of the cold atmosphere can make a grater amount of snow |
小题3:The passage is mainly about ________.| A．the influences of the lake-effect snow for local people | | B．the weight between moisture and atmosphere | | C．how the phrase “lake-effect snow” comes in New York | | D．how the lake-effect snow forms around the Great Lakes |
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For most of us, the rain that falls on our roof runs off into the ground or the sewer(下水道) system. But if you want to save a little water and reuse it on your lawns or plants --- or even use it for laundry, dishes, or other needs --- collecting rainwater from your gutter’s downspouts(檐槽的水落管) is a no-brainer.
According to John C. Davis, writing in E / The Environmental Magazine, just about any homeowner can collect rainwater, given that the roof and gutters do most of the work. And since an inch of rain falling on a 2,000-square-foot roof produces some 1,200 gallons of water, you can harvest enough to water your lawn or garden.
Plants and grass actually do better when fed rainwater instead of tap water, which is usually treated with substances that can hold back plant growth. Using rainwater can also extend the life of pipes, since the salts added to tap water may gradually damage the pipes. However, homeowners should set up a water purification system if they do plan to use rainwater for inside needs.
Rainwater harvesting can also be good for the local community, as it reduces the erosion, flooding, and pollution associated with heavy rainfall, and reduces dependence on public water supplies. So some states fund rainwater collection systems in their local communities.
Many varieties of rain barrel(桶) systems, starting at just $100, are available for home use. A typical setup is simply a rain barrel positioned under a gutter’s downspout. Skillful homeowners can make their own water harvesting systems, but buying one is a lot easier. Most garden centres offer a range of choices as well as tips.
小题1:The underlined word “no-brainer” in Para. 1 probably means something that ______.| A．is hard to deal with | B．is very easy | | C．is of no real value | D．deserves more attention |
小题2:From Paragraphs 3 and 4, we can learn _______.| A．how to set up a water harvesting system | B．how a rain barrel system works | | C．some advice on saving tap water | D．the benefits of using rainwater |
小题3:What is the topic of the passage ?| A．Basic gardening skills. | B．Water-saving techniques. | | C．Wastewater treatment systems. | D．Roof rainwater collection. |
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