A new study shows one of the largest glaciers(冰川) in Greenland is becoming small
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A new study shows one of the largest glaciers(冰川) in Greenland is becoming smaller and speeding to the sea faster than scientists expected. If it continues, Greenland itself could become much smaller during this century and global seas could rise as much as 3 feet.
The rates of change that we’re noticing are much higher than expected. If these rates continue, it is not likely that Greenland could shrink by several tens of percent this century. However, it’s not known how quickly this coastal response of the Greenland ice sheet melting will have an effect on the vast inland ice.
Greenland is the world’s largest island, covering area more than three times the size of Texas. Some 81 percent of it is covered by ice, and there are many glaciers. Glaciers are like slow-moving rivers of ice. Where a glacier meets the sea, its weight keeps it firmly resting on the bottom. A glacier’s front is the point where the water is deep enough that the glacier floats.
Since the 1970s, the front of Helheim stayed in the same place. Then it began melting rapidly, moving back 4.5 miles from 2001 through this past summer. It has also grown thinner, from top to bottom, by more than 130 feet since 2001. And over these past years, its trip to the sea has sped up from about 70 feet per day to nearly 110.
The melting is driven by a warmer climate. Temperatures in Greenland have risen more than five degrees Fahrenheit(华氏温度) in the last ten years. Since most of Greenland’s ice is on land, seas will rise as the ice melts. If all Greenland’s ice sheet melted, oceans would be 15-20 feet higher. Nobody expects that to happen any time soon.
小题1:What can we know about the glaciers according to the passage?| A．Glaciers only lie in Greenland. | | B．Water in glaciers is more than sea water. | | C．Glaciers sometimes float on the water. | | D．Glaciers can increase the water level of lakes. |
小题2:According to the passage, we know that Greenland ___________.| A．belongs to Canada | | B．is the largest island in North America | | C．is all covered with glaciers | | D．is sinking under the sea level |
小题3:Which of the following may be the result of the disappearing of Greenland glaciers?| A．The climate of the world will be warmer. | | B．The glaciers in other areas will be bigger. | | C．It will be easy for explorers to visit the island. | | D．Some coastal cities may be under the sea. |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D |
解析
试题分析：文章讲述了格林兰岛冰川迅速融化的事情，及科学家对他的分析，如果继续恶化，沿海城市将处于一片汪洋之中。
小题1:推断题。从文章A glacier’s front is the point where the water is deep enough that the glacier floats.可知冰川的前部位置，由于水非常的深可以将其漂浮起来，故选C
小题2:细节题。从文章Greenland is the world’s largest island, covering area more than three times the size of Texas.可知格林兰岛是世界上最大的岛屿，面积是德克萨斯州的三倍多，它属于丹麦，故选B
小题3:细节推断题。从文章If all Greenland’s ice sheet melted, oceans would be 15-20 feet higher. 可知如果格林兰岛的冰原全部融化，海平面将会上升15-20英尺，很明显沿海城市将处于一片汪洋之中，故选D
点评：本文结构非常明了，文意也很好理解，学生在答题中一定要认真细致的作答以求全对。对于此类说明文的文章一定要将文章仔细的阅读完并理解，结合题目通过题目的关键词进行定位，分析好句子的意思，即可得出答案。 |
举一反三
The search for life in the universe took a step forward last month with the opening of the Allen Telescope Array(艾伦望远镜阵列) in Hat Creek, California. The telescopes were partly made possible by a gift of twenty-five million dollars from Paul Allen. The total cost of the project is already fifty million dollars.
At present, there are 42 radio telescopes working at the Hat Creek observatory. The signals they receive are combined to create what is equal to a single, very large telescope. The telescope will be used to observe objects like exploding stars, black holes and other objects that are predicted but have not yet been observed. Seth Shostak of the SETI Institute says this is the first telescope whose main purpose is to search for signals from intelligent life in space. The SETI Institute is based in Mountain View, California. The organization supports the search for other life forms in the universe.
What makes the Allen Telescope Array unusual is that it can collect and study information from a wide area of the sky. In addition, the 42 telescopes can study information about several projects at the same time. That means studies of large areas of the sky can be made faster than ever before.
Some officials think the Allen Telescope Array will be completed in three more years. 350 individual radio telescopes are planned. The new abilities of the Allen Telescope Array will make searching for stars similar to the sun much faster.
An earlier search by SETI, Project Phoenix, studied about 800 stars to a distance of 240 light years. The project ended in 2004. With the Allen Telescope Array, astronomers hope to gather thousands of times more information in the search for life beyond our planet.
小题1:The main purpose of the Allen Telescope Array is .| A．to serve for the research of weather predication | | B．to prepare for the wars against life from the universe | | C．to search for signals from intelligent life in space | | D．to observe exploding stars, black holes and other objects |
小题2:From this passage we know that .| A．the 42 radio telescopes at Hat Creek observatory can work together | | B．the total cost of the project came from Paul Allen | | C．Hat Creek observatory can receive signals from all parts of the worm | | D．Hat Creek observatory is operated by an American named Paul Allen |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?| A．The Allen Telescope Array takes much more room than former telescopes. | | B．The Allen Telescope Array is still being built at present in the United States. | | C．Another 42 radio telescopes will be fixed in the Allen Telescope Array. | | D．The SETI Institute is against the search for other life forms in the universes. |
小题4:With the help of the Allen Telescope Array, .| A．astronomers can gather more information than before from other planets | | B．humans will have more chances to live on other planets than before | | C．humans will be able to find more natural resources on other planets | | D．scientists will be able to find more natural resources from other planets |
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根据短文内容，从下框的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项(E涂AB,F涂AC)
A Avoid asking your child too many questions
B Tell your child stories about your growing up
C Don’t judge or criticize your child
D Listen to your kids with respect
E Provide pressure-free conversation opportunities
F Ask children gently what they think
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If your child has gone from a continuous chatterbox to making conversations that consist mostly of yes and no, it’s time to consider these tips on how to talk to kids, so you’ll know what’s going on in your child’s world.
小题1:
The quickest way to get kids to shut up and, as a result, shut you out of their lives is to continuously press them about things. A more effective way is to sit back and patiently wait for them to open up in a low-stress family and then be prepared to listen.
小题2:
Parents can sometimes make kids at a young age decide it is best not to talk about something when they are criticized. If you really want to know what’s on your child’s mind, then avoid passing judgment and focus instead on why something seems important to your child.
小题3:
If you want to raise a creative and independent thinker, stop telling your child what he ought to feel or think. You can gently encourage additional conversations by simply asking why he feels the way he does or what he would do in a certain situation.
小题4:
You may think you’re just asking questions out of curiosity when communicating with your child, but an endless stream of questions about what they did, whether everyone got along, if they went to the bathroom, ect., are enough to make anyone shut up! Practice patience and let your kids open up on their terms.
小题5:
Kids can relate to you and other adults when you tell your stories happening when you were their age. Talking to kids by telling them about things like something embarrassing that happened or the first crush(迷恋) you had helps them to connect with you and understand that you might actually know what they are going through! |
Education is not an end , but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life.
In many modern countries it has for some time been fashionable（流行的）to think that by free education for all whether rich or poor, clever or stupid --- one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough: we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees（学位）they refuse to do what they think "low" work; and in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor: we can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns…
In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability, and secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be unwilling to do one"s work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.
小题1:In the writer’s opinion,_________| A．free education for all probably leads to a perfect world | | B．all the social problems can’t be solved by education | | C．education can solve most of the world’s problems | | D．free education will help to solve all the problems of society |
小题2:The writer wants to prove that _______| A．a farmer is more important than a professor | | B．our society needs free education for all | | C．our society needs all kinds of jobs | | D．work with hands is the most important |
小题3:The purpose of education is to ________| A．build a perfect world | B．let everyone receive education | | C．choose officials for the country | D．prepare children mainly for their future work |
小题4:What is mainly discussed in the text?| A．The type of education | B．The value of education | | C．The means of education | D．The system of education |
小题5:What can we learn from the text?| A．Work with hands is thought to be shameful in some modern countries. | | B．In all modern countries, free education has been fashionable. | | C．A perfect nation can solve all the problems of society. | | D．A professor is far more important than a farmer. |
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Many parents have learned the hard way that what sounds like open communication is often the very thing that closes a youngster’s ears and mouth. One common mistake is the Lecture, the long monologue that often starts with “When I was your age….” Eighteen-year-old Kelly calls lectures “long, one-side discussions in which I don’t say much.”
Kids reflexively（条件反射地） shut down in the face of a lecture. Their eyes glaze over, and they don’t register any incoming information. Listen to 13-year-old Sarah describe her least favorite times with her mom and dad. “First, they scream. Then comes the ‘We’re so disappointed’ speech. Then the ‘I never did that to my parents’ lecture begins. After that, even if they realize how ridiculous they sound, they never take it back.”
Lines like “When you have children of your own, you’ll understand” have been seriously said by parents since time immemorial. But many of our expert parents, like Bobby, a registered nurse and mother of three, feel that by falling back on clichés（陈词滥调）to justify our actions, we weaken our position.
Since kids are creatures of here and now, the far-off future has no relevance to them. Therefore, good communicators like Bobby suggest, “Give specific reasons for your actions in present language: ‘I’m not letting you go to the party because I don’t think there will be enough adult supervisions（监护）.’”
Betty, who lives in Missiouri, uses an indirect approach. “I find that warnings are accepted more readily if I discuss a news article on a subject I am concerned about. My husband and I talk about it while our children absorb the information. Then they never think I’m preaching(布道).”
This really helped when Betty’s kids began driving. Instead of constantly repeating “Don’t drink; don’t speed,” she would talk about articles in the paper and express sympathy for the victims of a car crash. Betty made no special effort to draw her kids into the conversation. She depended on a teenager’s strong desire to put in his opinions---especially if he thinks he isn’t being asked for them.
小题1:The purpose of the passage is to _________.| A．compare two ways of parents` communicating with their kids | | B．explain why kids won’t listen to their parents | | C．give parents advice on how to communicate with their kids | | D．introduce kids` reaction to the communication between them and their parents |
小题2:Which of the following statements is NOT right?| A．Kids won’t listen to their parents because they think what their parents say is boring. | | B．Kids don’t like any discussion at all. | | C．Some kids think their parents should apologize when they are wrong. | | D．Many kids think they have no right to express their own opinions. |
小题3: What does the underlined word in the first paragraph mean?小题4:Which of the following topic may appeal to kids?| A．Something related to kids’ present life | | B．Kids possible life in the future | | C．Parents` own experience | | D．What parents have done to their own parents. |
小题5:In order to make kids follow their advice, parents should______.| A．tell their kids to listen carefully | | B．arouse kids’ desire to express themselves. | | C．list out as many examples as possible | | D．set out their warnings directly |
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Summer school is something a kid will never forget. For some, it’s a way to advance past their classmates. For most, summer school is a requirement in order to graduate with their classmates. I can remember being forced into taking a summer school course. It was not the school that forced me into this awkward situation; it was my mother.
I was a 16-year-old kid in a new school. My school did not offer summer courses so I had to take my course at an alternative school in the city. It was an experience I will never forget. I was not concerned with making friends. I was there to get credit (学分) for a course that I should have received credit for the previous semester. It was my doing that landed me in the situation and it was important that I understood this.
The fees were lowest but the experience was amazing. I enjoyed. I didn’t miss the day. The course was from Monday to Friday for an entire month. I passed the course with an A. I was thrown into an awkward situation and actually enjoyed it. My friends didn’t even know I took the course. Most of them were still sleeping by the time my course ended each day.
Awkward situations are so important for personal growth. This situation made me feel more independent. I made friends. I finally understood what sacrifice and hard work were all about. While attending college, I remembered how much I enjoyed summer school and I chose to take summer school in my first three years of college. Some kids get pushed too much but some don’t get pushed enough. I was never pushed enough.
Enable your children to struggle for success. If your child needs summer school you explain to them why it’s important. Some parents are surprised by the situation and may want to be more involved in their children’s education. Follow through and follow up.
小题1:Most students go to the summer school in order to ______.| A．find good jobs after graduation | B．become top students in their class | | C．have a chance to make more friends | D．graduate successfully on time |
小题2:What made the author go to summer school for the first time?| A．What he had done . | B．His mother’s wish. | | C．His own requirement. | D．Study competition. |
小题3:Which of the following was NOT the benefit got by the author through attending summer school?| A．It helped him get rid of bad habits. | | B．It helped him make new friends. | | C．It helped him understand what sacrifice and hard work were. | | D．It increased his independence. |
小题4:From the last paragraph we can learn that the author ______.| A．does not like summer school at all even though it is useful | | B．thinks summer school is unnecessary for children | | C．encourages parents to make their children attend summer school | | D．is against forcing children to attend summer school |
小题5:What does the author think of summer school?| A．He thinks it is awkward. | B．He thinks it is significant. | | C．He doesn’t think it is suitable. | D．He thinks nothing of it. |
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