Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not le
题型：不详难度：来源：
Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time :if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those
Around him use. Bit by bit .he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people"s. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things: they should learn to do without being taught, such as to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle—compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to .Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.
If it is a matter of right answer, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine（常规）work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer .Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn ,how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
小题1:According to the passage ,the best way for children to learn things is by______| A．listening to skilled people"s advice | | B．asking older people many questions. | | C．making mistakes and having them corrected | | D．doing what other people do |
小题2:which of the following does the writer think teachers should NOT do?| A．Give children correct answers. | | B．Allow children to make mistakes. | | C．Point out children"s mistakes to them. | | D．Let children mark their own work. |
小题3:According to the writer, teachers in school should______| A．allow children to learn from each other | | B．point out children"s mistakes whenever found | | C．correct children"s mistakes as soon as possible | | D．give children more book knowledge |
小题4:The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are ____| A．different from learning other skills | | B．the same as learning other skills | | C．more important than other skills | | D．not really important skills |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B |
解析
本文论述了什么才是最好的学习方法。老师应该做什么，不应该做什么。
小题1:主旨归纳题。根据段意推理可知。
小题2:细节理解题。从第一段推理可知。
小题3:细节理解题。根据地一段第四句推知。
小题4:主旨归纳题。根据第一段第五段可知。 |
举一反三
As we know, it is very important that a firm should pay attention to the training of its staff as there exist many weak points in its various departments. Staff training must have a purpose, which is defined when a firm considers its training needs, which are in turn based on job descriptions and job specifications(规范).
A job description should give details of the performance that is required for a particular job, and a job specification should give information about the behaviour, knowledge and skills that are expected of an employee who works in the position. When all of this has been collected, it is possible to make a training specification. This specifies(详细说明) that the training department must teach for the successful performance of the job, and also the best methods to use in the training period.
There are many different training methods, and there are advantages and disadvantages in all of them. Successful training performances depend on an understanding of the difference between learning about skills and training in using them. It is frequently said that learning about skills takes place “off the job” in classroom, but training in using these skills takes place “on the job,” by means of such activities as practice in the workshop.
It’s always difficult to evaluate the costs of a training programme. The success of such a programme depends not only on the methods used but also on the quality of the staff who do the training. A company can often check savings in time and cost by examining the work performed by the workers and technicians who have completed a training programme. The evaluation of management training is much more complex than that.
小题1: The writer mainly wants to tell us_____by the passage.| A． Why firms should pay attention to staff training | | B． Staff training must have a purpose | | C． Purposes and methods are most important in staff training | | D． How to evaluate a training programme |
小题2:A training specification specifies_____| A． the training contents and methods | | B． the cost and savings of the programme | | C． the performance required for a certain job | | D． the behaviour, knowledge and skills expected of an employee |
小题3:To be successful in training programmes, we must understand the difference between_____| A． the purposes and the methods | | B． job description and job specification | | C． what is taught and how it is taught | | D． learning about skills and training in using them |
小题4:The underlined word “evaluate”means_____| A．find out the price of | B．judge the value of | | C．deal with | D．expect and believe |
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Dearest Mom and Dad,
I"m afraid I have some very bad news for you. I have been very naughty and the school principal is very angry with me. She is going to write to you. You must come and take me away from here. She does not want me in the school any longer.
The trouble started last night when I was smoking a cigarette in bed. This is against the rules, of course. We are not supposed to smoke at all.
As I was smoking, I heard footsteps coming towards the room. I did not want a teacher to catch me smoking, so I threw the cigarette away.
Unfortunately, the cigarette fell into the waste-paper basket, which caught fire. There was a curtain near the waste-paper basket which caught fire, too. Soon the whole room was burning.
The principal phoned for the fire department. The school is a long way from the town and by the time the fire department arrived, the whole school was in flames. Many of the girls are in the hospital.
The principal says the fire was my fault and you must pay for the damage. She will send you a bill for about a million dollars.
I am very sorry about this.
Much love, Sarah
P.S.
None of the above is true, but I have failed my exams. I just want you to know how bad things could have been!
小题1:Sarah wrote to her parent______| A． to inform them about an accident | | B． to ask them for money | | C． to them wonderful news | | D． to tell then she had failed her exams |
小题2:Sarah told her parents the story about the fire because______| A．she wanted to make them worried | | B．she wanted them to have some fun | | C．she wanted to make them less angry at the real news | | D．she wanted to make them even more angry |
小题3:The main body of the letter was_____| A．mostly true | B．partly true | | C．all true | D．completely untrue |
小题4:Sarah said the principal was angry because____| A．she had failed her exams | | B．it was her fault that the fire had broken out | | C．she not make the phone call in time | | D．she had caught her smoking in bed |
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Our “Mommy and Me” time began two years ago. My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children of age 6 and under ride their bikes up and down. “I wish I could take one of my children out alone,” said Christie.
Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes one of her children out, I’ll watch her other three. And when she watches two of mine, I’ll take someone out.
The children were extremely quick to accept the idea of “Mommy and Me” time. Christie’s daughter, McKenzie, went first. When she returned, the other children showered her with tons of questions. McKenzie was smiling broadly. Christie looked refreshed and happy. “She’s like a different child when there’s no one else around,” Christie shared with me quickly. With her mother all to herself, McKenzie didn’t have to make an effort to gain attention.
Just as Christie had noticed changes in McKenzie, I also discovered something different in each of my children during our alone times. For example, I am always surprised when my daughter, who is seldom close to me, holds my hand frequently. My stuttering（口吃的）son, Tom, doesn’t stutter once during our activities since he doesn’t have to struggle for a chance to speak. And the other son, Sam, who’s always a follower when around other children shines as a leader during our times together.
The “Mommy and Me” time allows us to be simply alone and away with each child ---talking, sharing, and laughing, which has been the biggest gain. Every child deserves（应得到）to be an only child at least once in a while.
小题1:What is the text mainly about? | A．The experience of the only child being with mother. | | B．The advantage of spending time with one child at a time. | | C．The happy life of two families. | | D．The basic needs of children. |
小题2: Right after McKenzie came back, the other children were _____________. | A．happy | B．curious | C．regretful | D．friendly |
小题3:What is one of the changes the author finds in her children? | A．The daughter acts like a leader. | B．Sam holds her hand more often. | | C．The boys become better followers. | D．Tom has less difficulty in speaking. |
小题4:The author seems to believe that ___________. | A．having brothers and sisters is fun | B．it’s tiring to look after three children | | C．every child needs parents’ full attention | D．parents should watch others’ children |
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The majority of astronauts from America have been men. At the start of the space programme there was strong resistance from some people against having women in space. However, some women were very keen to become astronauts and in the end they were successful. In 1978, NASA began the first training programme for women astronauts.
Judy Resnick and Christa McAuliffe were both astronauts and they were both women, but in many other ways they were very different. Both of them were on Flight STS-5L-L. Judy Resnick was born in 1949 and studied engineering at university and went on to obtain a PhD in 1977. She was a member of the first group of women selected for astronaut training in 1978, and in 1984, she became the second woman in space. During that flight, she helped to launch three new satellites and she carried out a programme of research. She was, in many ways, a professional astronaut whose whole life was devoted to space travel.
Christa McAuliffe was born in 1948 and she was an astronaut almost by accident. In 1984, NASA decided to find a teacher who could accompany astronauts into space. They hoped that she would be able to communicate with students from space and encourage every one of them to be interested in space travel. Christa was a secondary teacher in history and social studies. She was a gifted teacher and she was selected from over 11,000 applicants to go on flight STS-51-L. She was also a very good communicator and she immediately established a very good relationship with the news media(radio, television and newspapers）. It was partly because of this that there was a great deal of interest and excitement about the flight. Thousands of students in schools and universities all around the country were looking forward to communicating with Christa in space. Millions of people were watching her flight with great interest. It is partly because of the excitement over McAuliffe"s place in the flight that the disaster in 1986 had such an effect on people.
小题1:We can learn from the first two paragraphs that ___________. | A．Judy was against the idea of having women in space at first | | B．Judy was the first woman selected for astronaut training | | C．Judy helped to launch three new satellites at the age of 35 | | D．Judy carried out a programme during her second space travel |
小题2:Christa McAuliffe was chosen for training because _______. | A．she was popular with the news media | | B．she expected to give history lessons in space | | C．she was an excellent teacher and communicator | | D．she made the students in space very excited |
小题3:The reason why there was great interest in Flight STS-51-L is that ________. | A．both Christa and Judy got PhD degrees in the same year | | B．a young secondary school teacher was on the flight | | C．students were going to learn more about space travel | | D．it was the first time for women to travel in space |
小题4: What would be the best title for the passage?| A．Two Astronauts | B．Flight STS-51-L | | C．Travelling in Space | D．The Training Programme |
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Almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park. But the fact that such fears are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly. Kids experience fears and phobias (恐惧症) much more strongly than adults. And the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological (心理的). It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything-a kind of childhood anxiety. Dr. Creswell says:"Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.” So don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being “a scared cat”（胆小鬼）. Handing the fears is essential.
Children can be born nervous and., if you have such a baby, you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried. So if they fear dogs, you’ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary. What is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia. Instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive environment. Dr. Andy Field, a researcher of childhood fears, says: “You shouldn’t force, for example, a dog anxious child to go up to a dog. But you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of, stroke (抚摸) it, and talk about the dog being friendly. Once your child dares to stroke a dog-one that’s good with children, of course-then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them for ‘being brave’.”
小题1:Children’s fears are usually taken lightly because . | A．they will not develop into phobias | | B．their influence is psychological | | C．they exist widely in the world | | D．they will disappear gradually |
小题2:If we fail to help children to overcome fears, they will . | A．make the same old mistake | | B．overcome them by themselves | | C．experience the worst of things | | D．grow up lacking self-confidence |
小题3:According to Dr. Andy Field, if a child is afraid of a cat, parents should . | A．tell the child not to be afraid of it | | B．show the child how to approach it | | C．keep the child away from it | | D．ask the child to stroke it |
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