阅读理解。 The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electri
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| 阅读理解。 |
The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and
telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure,
people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights
to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.
Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago. Nature
has apparently been experimenting in this field for million of years. Scientists are discovering more and more
that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.
All living cells send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of record; they
form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working. The brain,
too, sends our brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram. The electric
currents generated by most living cells are extremely small,often so small that sensitive instruments are needed
to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators
that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large numbers of these cells are linked together, the effects
can be astonishing.
The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can send a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of
electricity through the water in which it lives. (An electric house current is only one hundred and twenty volts,
but two hundred and twenty volts in China.) As many as four-fifths of all the cells in the electric eel"s body are
specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to length
of its body. |
| 1. Electricity was invented ______. |
| [ ] |
A. when man had no candles
B. about 200 years ago
C. to be operating computers
D. by Thomse Edison |
| 2. The following things can send out pulses of electricity except ______. |
| [ ] |
A. electric eels and human hearts
B. Electrical generators and animal muscle
C. Stones and dry wood
D. human brain and living cells |
| 3. The electric current send out by an eel can be ______. |
| [ ] |
A. as much as 800 volts
B. about one hundred and twenty volts
C. as high as the house current in China
D. stored in the water where it lives |
| 4. From this shot passage we can infer ______. |
| [ ] |
A. the shorter an eel is, the stronger electricity it produces
B. we can always feel the electricity produced by living cells
C. human beings get their knowledge about electricity from nature
D. people learn about electricity from eels |
答案
| 1-4: BCAC |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
In a recently published book, I came across some exercises with interesting names such as fishbone
diagrams, lotus flowers and clustering. As I used these exercises in my classes, I noticed that students were
interested. They said more and wrote more. They enjoyed expressing their ideas and sharing them in groups.
They were no longer passively waiting for the bell, but actively took part in the lesson. I find that creativity
can act as a way to increase participation and improve fluency (流利程度).
Creativity has become a popular word in recent years. Scholars in the arts, psychology (心理学), business,
education, and science are all working to get a deeper understanding of it. Robert J. Sternberg is a creativity
specialist and Yale professor of psychology. He defines creativity as "the ability to produce work that is both
new (original) and appropriate (applicable to the situation )". This definition is useful, as we want our students
to use language in a new way, and to use it correctly and properly. Most scholars say there are two types of
creativity: big "C" creativity and small "c" creativity. Big "C" creativity refers to genius level thinking that results
in artistic masterpieces and scientific breakthroughs. Small "c" creativity refers to everyday level thinking that
can be used in any situation. Our emphasis is on the latter. While it goes without saying that any of our
students could go on to be the next Picasso or Edison, our aim is to help students produce more ideas and use
language in new ways. |
| 1. The underlined words"waiting for the bell" in the first paragraph probably mean _____. |
| [ ] |
A. longing for a phone call
B. hoping to have a bell
C. expecting the end of the class
D. wanting to speak in class |
| 2. It can be inferred from the passage that the author thought the exercises in the book were _____. |
| [ ] |
A. popular
B. useful
C. scientific
D. creative |
| 3. When you use a very familiar word in a new way, you are _____. |
| [ ] |
A．creative in the sense of big "C" creativity
B．creative in the sense of small "c" creativity
C．not creative in the sense of big "c" creativity
D．not creative in the sense of small "c" creativity |
| 4. The main purpose of the passage is to _____. |
| [ ] |
A. show how useful the book is
B. explain what creativity is
C. discuss how one can be creative
D. tell what teaching aims at |
| 阅读理解。 |
A Battery"s Nightmare
Portable electronics that can be carried about easily are only as good as their batteries (电池) and, let"s
face it, batteries aren"t very good, especially when compared with, say, petrol, which packs 100 times a
battery"s energy into an equal space. That"s why a large group of mechanical engineers (centered at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but with partners at other universities and companies) are hard at
work in an effort to replace batteries with a tiny engine that runs on fuel. Imagine a battery-free life! When
the fuel runs out in your mobile phone, you just fill up and go.
The engine-about the size of a ten-cent coin-starts with a combustion chamber (燃烧室) that burns
hydrogen. Its tiny parts are etched (蚀刻) onto silicon wafers (硅片) in the same manner that computer
parts are etched onto integrated circuits (集成电路). The first engine is made up of five wafers. And since
these wafers could be produced in much the same way as computer chips, they could probably be produced
quite cheaply.
But the devil in all this nice detail is efficiency. Tiny engine parts don"t always behave like the bigger parts
of the first engine. Something between the parts can slow down the works, according to Columbia University
Professor LucFrechette, one of the engine"s designers. Extreme heat from the combustion chamber is also a
problem, often leaking to other parts of the engine.
The scientists" goal is to create an engine that will operate 10 times better than batteries operate. Frechette
says that a complete system, with all parts in place and working, will be set up in the next couple of years,
but commercial models aren"t likely until at least the end of the next ten years. |
| 1. According to the passage, the title suggests that ______. |
| [ ] |
A. batteries should be greatly improved
B. petrol will be used instead of batteries
C. the time of batteries will be gone forever
D. pollution problems caused by batteries must be solved |
| 2. What"s the meaning of the underlined word "devil" in paragraph 3? |
| [ ] |
A. Problem
B. Advantage
C. Invention
D. Technique |
| 3. What can we infer from the passage? |
| [ ] |
A. The new invention doesn"t need any fuel.
B. The new engine has been produced in large quantities.
C. The new invention is much cheaper than the battery.
D. The new engine needs to be improved before it"s on sale. |
| 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 |
What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, red? 1______. Do you prefer greys and blues?
Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist (悲观主
义者). At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously
studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. 2______.
If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could
see clearly.
3______. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one;
and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. 4______. A black bridge over the Thames
River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides (自***) than any other bridge in the area-until it was
repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even
more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
5______. It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents
when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey. |
A. On the other hand, black is depressing.
B. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as grow up-we are born with
our preference.
C. The rooms are painted in different colours as you like.
D. If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.
E. Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active.
F. Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colours.
G. Colours do influence our moods-there is no doubt about it. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Robots are smart. With their computer brains, they help people work in dangerous places or do difficult
jobs. Some robots do regular jobs. Bobby, the mail carrier, brings mail to a large office building in Washington,
D.C. He is one of 250 mail carriers in the United States.
Mr. Leachim, who weighs two hundred pounds and is six feet tall, has some advantages as a teacher. One
is that he does not forget details. He knows each child"s name, the parents" names and what each child knows
and needs to know. In addition, he knows each child"s pets and hobbies. Mr. Leachim does not make mistakes.
Each child goes and tells him his or her name, then dials an identification (身份证明) number. His computer
brain puts the child"s voice and number together. He identifies the child with no mistakes. Then he starts the
lesson.
Another advantage is that Mr. Leachim is flexible. If the children need more time to do their lessons they
can move switches. In this way they can repeat Mr. Leachim"s lesson over and over again. When the children
do a good job he tells them something interesting about their hobbies. At the end of the lesson the children
switch Mr. Leachim off. |
| 1. The first paragraph of the passage tells us ______. |
| [ ] |
A. human beings are not as smart as robots
B. robots will take the place of man to rule the earth
C. we can only use robots to do some regular jobs
D. robots can help people in many different ways |
| 2. Mr. Leachim"s ______ makes him a good teacher. |
| [ ] |
A. knowledge
B. appearance
C. advantage
D. energy |
| 3. The word "flexible" in the last paragraph means ______. |
| [ ] |
A. not strict
B. not hard
C. suitable
D. changeable |
| 阅读理解。 |
Parents whose children show a special interest in a sport feel very difficult to make a decision about their
children"s careers. Should they allow their children to train to become top sports men and women? For many
children it means starting schoolwork very young, and going out with friends and other interests have to take
a second place. It"s very difficult to explain to a young child why he or she has to train five hours a day, even
at the weekend, when most of his or her friends are playing.
Another problem is of course money. In many countries money for training is available from government
for the very best young sportsmen and women. If this help can not be given, it means that it is the parents
who have to find the time and the money to support their child"s development and sports clothes, transport to
competitions, special equipment, etc. Can all be very expensive?
Many parents are worried that it is dangerous to start serious training in a sport at an early age. Some
doctors agree that young muscles may be damaged by training before they are properly developed. Professional
(专业的) trainers, however, believe that it is only by training young that you can reach the top as a successful
sports person. It is clear that very few people do reach the top, and both parents and children should be
prepared for failure even after many years of training. |
| 1. This article is most probably taken from ____. |
| [ ] |
A. a letter
B. an advertisement
C. a personal diary
D. a newspaper article |
| 2. According to the passage, parents whose children show a special interest in sport ____. |
| [ ] |
A. feel uncertain if they should let their children train to be sports men or women.
B. try to get financial(财政的) support from the government for their children"s training.
C. have to get medical advice from doctors about training methods.
D. prefer their children to be trained as young as possible. |
| 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? |
| [ ] |
A. By starting young, you won"t have much time for your schoolwork.
B. Early training may damage your muscles.
C. Most children may become professional sports men after a long period of training.
D. It"s very expensive for parents to support their child"s development in sports. |
| 4. The phrase "to take a second place" means ____. |
| [ ] |
A. to repeat the activities some other day
B. to become less important
C. of all the things, they are the most important
D. to happen again |
| 5. ____ can become the best players after many years of training. |
| [ ] |
A. Most people
B. Some people
C. Hardly any people
D. No people |
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