阅读理解。 The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of managem

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阅读理解。

     The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more
they seem to want to talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid.
     Consider the novel views on the subject of getting ahead.Coleman is black.He spent 11
years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a
consultant to the likes of AT & T, Coca Cola.Coleman says that based on what he"s seen at
big companies, he weighs the different elements that make for long term career success as
follows: performance counts a mere 10%; image,30%; and exposure, a full 60%.Coleman
concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work
well may win you pay increases, it won"t secure you the big promotion.He finds that advancement
more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are.
     Ridiculous beliefs? Not to many people, especially many women and members of minority races
who, like Coleman, feel that the scales have dropped from their eyes."Women and blacks in
organizations work under false beliefs," says Kaleen Jamison, a New York based management
consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues."They think that if you work hard, you"ll get
ahead and someone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion." She added, "Most women
and blacks are so frightened that people will think they"ve gotten ahead because of their sex or color
that they play down their visibility." Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have
traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight.1．The best title for this passage would be________.A．The Importance of Being Visible
B．Roles of Women and Minorities in Management
C．Job Performance and Advancement
D．Sex and Career Success2．To achieve success in your career,the most important factor, according to the passage, is to_______.A．work as a consultant to your superiors
B．project a favorable image to the people around you
C．let your superiors know how good you are
D．perform well your tasks given by your superiors3．The reason why women and blacks play down their visibility is that they________.A．know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotion
B．don"t want people to think that their promotions are due to sex or color
C．don"t want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefs
D．believe they can get promoted by reason of their sex or color4．In the author"s opinion, Coleman"s beliefs are________.A．biased
B．popular
C．superficial
D．insightful

答案

1-4ACBD

举一反三

阅读理解。     While small may be beautiful,tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems,particularly when it comes
to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.
     The Tall Persons Club Great Britain(TPCGB),which was formed six months ago to campaign
(发起运动)for the needs of the tall,has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants.Beds that are
too small,shower heads that are too low,and restaurant tables with hardly any legroom all make life
difficult for those of above average height,it says.
    But it is not just the extratall whose needs are not being met.The average height of the population
has been increasing yet the standard size of beds,doorways,and chairs has remained unchanged.
     "The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it, so even a
kingsize bed at 6"66"(6 feet and 6 inches)is falling short for 25%of men,while the standard 6"3"?
bed caters for(满足需要)less than half of the male(男性)population,"said TPCGB president Phil
Heinricy,"Sevenfoot beds would work fine."
     Similarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems.Small tables,which mean the longlegged
have to sit a foot or so away from them,are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.
    Some have already taken note,however.At Queens Moat Houses" Caledonian Hotel in Edinburgh,
6"6" beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors,particularly
Americans.1．What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?A．To provide better services.
B．To rebuild hotels and restaurants.
C．To draw public attention to the needs of the tall.
D．To attract more people to become its members.2．Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?A．7"2".
B．7".
C．6"6".
D．6"3". 3．What may happen to restaurants with small tables? A．They may lose some customers.
B．They may start businesses elsewhere.
C．They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.
D．They have to provide enough space for the longlegged.4．What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?A．Tall people pay more for larger beds.
B．6?6? beds have taken the place of 6"3" beds.
C．Special rooms are kept for Americans.
D．Guest rooms are standardized.

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阅读理解。     Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband"s income.So this year she did something
more than a hobby(业余爱好):She planted vegetables in her yard.For her first garden,Ms.Feeley has
put in 15 tomato plants,and five rows of a variety of vegetables.The family"s old farm house has become
a chicken house,its residents arriving next month.Last year, Ms.Rita Gartin kept a small garden.This
year she has made it much larger because,she said,"The cost of everything is going up and I was looking
to lose a few pounds,too；so it"s a winwin situation all around."
    They are among the growing number of Americans who,driven by higher living costs and a falling
economy(经济),have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time.Others have increased the size of
their existing gardens.Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home.Now many gardens across the country have been sold out
for several months.In Austin,Tex.,some of the gardens have a threeyear waiting list.
    George C．Ball Jr.,owner of a company,said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40%over
last year,double the average growth of the last five years.Mr.Ball argues that some of the reasons have
been building for the last few years.The big one is the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk
, together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables.Food prices have increased because of
higher oil prices.People are now driving less,taking fewer vacations,so there is more time to garden.1．What does the word "residents" in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?A．chickens
B．tomatoes
C．gardens
D．people2.By saying "a winwin situation all around",Ms.Gartin means that________.A．she is happier and her garden bigger
B．she may spend less and lose weight
C．she is selling more and buying less
D．she has grown more varieties of vegetables3.Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular? A．More Americans are doing it for fun.
B．The price of oil is lower than before.
C．There"s a growing need for fruits.
D．The cost of living is on the rise.4．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A．Family Food Planning
B．Banking on Gardening
C．A Belttightening Move
D．Gardening as a Hobby

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阅读理解。

     Things have really changed. Not only is the military standing tall again, it is staging a remarkable
comeback in the quantity and quality of the recruits(新兵). Recruits, once denounced by antiwar
students as "baby killers" and barred from (从……扫除)campuses, are welcomed ever at famous
universities. ROTC (美国后备军官训练队) programs that once faltered are flourishing again.
The military academies are enjoying a steady increase in applications.
     Certainly, the depressed economy has increased the allure(诱惑) of the jobs, technical training
and generous student loans offered by the military. Students know that if they go in and become,
say, nuclear weapons specialists, they can_come_out_and demand a salary of $60,000 a year.
Military salaries, while not always competitive with those paid for comparable jobs in the private
sector, are more than respectable, especially considering the wide array of benefits that are available:
free medical service, room and board, and PX (Post Exchange) privileges. Monthly pay for a recruit
is $574; for a sergeant with four years" service it is $906; for a major with ten years" service it is
$2,305. The welfare has helped win over the TV generation. Kids are walking down the school
hallways chanting "Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines" . There is a return to the view that the military
is an honorable profession. The days of a judge telling a miscreant to join the Army or go to jail are
over. Recruiting for all four services combined is running at 101%of authorized goals. And the retention
rate is now so high that the services are refusing some reenlistment applications and reducing annual
recruiting target.
     The military academics are also enjoying halcyon years,attracting more and betterqualified students.
Compared to private colleges, where tuition and expenses have been climbing sharply, the service
schools are a real bargain: not only is tuition free, but recruits get allowances of up to $500 a month.
It is reported 12,300 applicants are for the 1,450 positions in this year"s freshman class. Military
academies are now just as selective as any of the best universities in the country. Nationwide, ROTC
enrollment exceeds 105,000,a 64% increase over the 1974 figure. In the mid 70"s, the ROTC students
refused to wear their uniforms on campus because they suffered all sorts of ridicule, if they did. Now
if they wear them to class no one looks at them twice.

1．What is the main idea of this passage?A．The military is in.
B．The military is up.
C．The military is down.
D．The military is on.2．What was the attitude of the students in 1970s towards the military?A．Approval.
B．Indifferent.
C．Distaste.
D．Scolding.3．The underlined phrase "come out" is closest in meaning to "______"．A．become visible
B．begin to grow
C．be made public
D．gain a certain position4．Which one of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason to attract students?A．Free tuition.
B．Spacious room.
C．Considerate allowance.
D．Technical training.

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阅读理解     In their book Time to Eat the Dog:The Real Guide to Sustainable Living,Robert and Brenda Vale
say keeping a mediumsized dog has the same ecological impact as driving 10,000 km a year in a 4.6 liter
Land Cruiser.
     "We"re not actually saying it is time to eat the dog.We"re just saying that we need to think about and
know the ecological impact of some of the things we do and that we take for granted."
Constructing and driving the jeep for a year requires 0.41 hectares of land,while growing and
manufacturing a dog"s food takes about 0.84 hectares-or 1.1 hectares in the case of a large dog such as a German shepherd.
     Convincing flesheating cats and dogs to go vegetarian for the sake of the planet is a nonstarter,the Vales say.Instead they recommend keeping "greener",smaller,and more sustainable pets,such as goldfish,chickens or rabbits.
     The book"s playful title,and serious suggestion that pet animals may be usefully"recycled",by being eaten by their owners or turned into pet food when they die,may not appeal to animal fans.
     Annoying as the idea may be,the question is valid given the planet"s growing population and limited
resources,Robert Vale said.
     "Issues about sustainability are increasingly becoming things that are going to require us to make choices which are as difficult as eating your dog.It"s not just about changing your light bulbs or taking a cloth bag to the supermarket,"he said.
     "It"s about much more challenging and difficult issues," he added.1. The authors gave their book the playful title to________.A. make it amusing
B. create a vivid image
C. show writing skills
D. arouse people"s concern2. In Paragraph 3 the writer mainly wants to tell us________.A. the amount of consumed land
B. the neglected ecological impact
C. some familiar examples
D. some actual figures3. Who may not like the idea of "recycling" pet animals?A. Manufacturers.
B. Drivers.
C. Animal fans.
D. The authorities.4. What do the authors think of living a sustainable life?A. Challenging.
B. Inspiring.
C. Inviting.
D. Touching.

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阅读理解     Don"t_believe_all_of_the_stereotypes(模式化的形象)you_may_have_heard_about_Americans.Even the ones that are true in general may not be true about specific individuals or a large part of the population.For example,although Americans tend to be louder than people from other cultures(especially at athletic
events),many of the people you meet will be quiet and polite.Some people may be intolerant, but most will be pleasant and welcoming.Remember that American films and television exaggerate(夸张)in order to
generate excitement, and so present a rather false picture of what life in the United States is really like.
Therefore,tourists in the US are not always on their best behavior.
     Americans do tend to be more informal than people from other countries.It is common for Americans
to wear casual clothing to school and to greet professors by first name.However, good manners and
politeness are always appreciated.If you are polite, and dress a little more formally than your American
friends, it will not be poorly thought of.
     However,some businesses require their employees to wear a uniform or a suit.It would be improper to wear a Tshirt and blue jeans to a job interview.Some of the more prestigious restaurants require a coat and a tie.Americans tend to dress up for cultural events(the opera,theater and ballet)and to dress down for
athletic events.Formal wear is required at weddings and funerals, or any other event with religion.If you
rely on the stereotypes,you will likely put yourself into an embarrassing situation.1. The underlined sentence probably means________.A. some of the stereotypes you may have heard about Americans are not true
B. you should not believe the stereotypes you may have heard about Americans
C. none of the stereotypes you may have heard about Americans should be believed
D. none of the stereotypes you may have heard about Americans should not be believed2.The passage is probably written for________.A. businessmen
B. visitors to America
C. American students
D. American filmmakers3.The second paragraph suggests that________.A. most Americans are polite
B. people who are polite are welcome
C. casual clothing makes others uncomfortable
D. American students are impolite to their teachers4. We can learn from the passage that________.A. American films are mostly poor comedies
B. it is good manners to wear blue jeans to a wedding
C. Americans usually wear formal clothes in a theater
D. to dress formally makes others feel you are not easy
to get on with

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