Mom was right！If you say thank you，for even the smallest gift or slightest show
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Mom was right！If you say thank you，for even the smallest gift or slightest show of kindness，you’ll feel happy.
Gratitude(感谢)，says Robert A．Emmons，a professor of psychology at the University of California，is an important element of happiness.In his recent book，Thanks！，Emmons uses the first major study on gratitude to prove mom’s point.In acknowledging and developing this muchignored expression of thankfulness，he explains how people have benefited—even improved their health.
As one of the leading scholars of the positive psychology movement，he admits gratitude may be difficult to express.He advises you to begin by admitting that life is good and full of events and elements that make daily existence a wonder.Second，recognize that the source of life’s goodness is more than just you.That source may be your mom，a friend，partner，child，colleague at work or play，or any combination of these.
Gratitude is always otherdirected，notes Emmons.You can be pleased or angry with yourself and feel guilty about doing something wrong，but you can never be grateful to or for yourself.
Expressing gratitude shouldn’t be a reaction；it should be a state of mind.To feel grateful when life is a breeze and you have more than you need is easy.To feel grateful in time of crisis—anger，hatred and bitterness—is easier.Also，too many people are aware of life’s blessings only after these are lost.The voices expressing gratitude from his studies of individuals are many.
It’s crisis and chaos—danger，disease，disability and death—that bring many individuals to realize just how dependent they are on others.Yet it’s the way each of us begins life and ends it.It’s too bad that so many people waste those decades in between labouring under the illusion(幻觉) they are selfsufficient，says Emmons.
To enable and embrace gratitude，Emmons encourages the readers of Thanks! to keep a gratitude diary.He even provides easytofollow directions on how to practise and develop gratitude.
I’m not a reader or advocate of selfhelp books，but I am thankful for the reference I found in a newspaper article to the research Emmons was conducting on gratitude involving organ donors and recipients(接受者)．The chance discovery led me to this book.
Mom implied that kindness seems to find its way back to the giver because life really is all about giving，receiving and repaying.So I’ll pay attention to her professional advice and say：Thank you，professor Emmons.
小题1:What is the text mainly discussed?| A．There are many ways of being thankful. | | B．Gratitude is important to happiness. | | C．Mom is great for her being thankful. | | D．Being thankful will keep you fit. |
小题2:The author mentions Robert A．Emmons’book Thanks! in order to prove that ________.
A．Professor Emmons supports mom’s study on psychology
B．mom is as great a psychologist as Professor Emmons
C．Professor Emmons is a famous psychologist
D．mom is right about her viewpoint on gratitude
小题3:It will be easier for you to feel grateful when ______.| A．you live a comfortable life | | B．you receive gifts on your birthday | | C．you get help during your hard times | | D．you are congratulated on your success |
小题4:What is the opinion of Professor Emmons?| A．It is enough to thank others orally. | | B．Whether you are thankful is always up to you. | | C．Remember to be thankful anytime and anywhere. | | D．It is easier to be thankful for yourself than for others. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:C |
解析
小题1: B
解析 主旨大意题。第一段作者提出妈妈的观点“If you say thank you，...you’ll feel happy.”接着就介绍Emmons教授的一本关于感恩的书中的观点，其实也就是为了证明妈妈的观点是对的，即：学会感恩，你就会感到幸福。
小题2: D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In his recent book，Thanks！，Emmons uses the first major study on gratitude to prove mom’s point.”可知，作者提到Emmons教授的书是为了证明妈妈的观点是对的，故选D项。
小题3: C
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“To feel grateful in time of crisis—anger，hatred and bitterness—is easier.”可知选C项。
小题4: C
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段“Gratitude is always otherdirected，...but you can never be grateful to or for yourself.”及第五段中的“Expressing gratitude shouldn’t be a reaction；it should be a state of mind.”可排除A、B、D三项。综合全文，可知Emmons教授的观点应是：随时随地都要感恩。 |
举一反三
One day，while I was walking to work，I decided to bring some flowers that I had picked from my garden that morning.On the way，I ____ a stranger and presented the bunch to him with a smile card.____ by the sense of joy I felt from giving flowers to another person，and may be ____ his day，I wanted to do it again.
When I got to my office，I had the ____ of anonymously(匿名) leaving flowers around the workplace.The impersonal(无人情味的) ___ of the building where I work makes me ____.It just feels a little boring sometimes，____ it’s a nice building with great light.I __8__ lots of people might feel the same way，so why not put a little ___ there，and throw in an inspirational quote while I’m at it？____，who doesn’t like flowers?
So，for the past month，I’ve been ____ flowers in a little cup on the sink in the bathroom.Each week，I ____ the flowers and the quote.It always feels ____ for me to read quotes like Henry David Thoreau’s “If one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams，he will meet with a ____ unexpected in common hours.” and Gandhi’s “The fragrance(香味) always ____ on the hand that gives the rose.” If anything，I figured，it at least makes me ____ each time I visit the bathroom.
Then today，when I walked in，I noticed ____ flowers in the cup，and a quote that someone else had written！It ____，“Be the change you wish to see in the world.”—Gandhi.
This little act ____ me that，at the end of the day，we’re all just people with hearts ____ the various roles and different hats we may wear in the workplace.
I did a little dance and I am smiling wide for the rest of the day!
| 小题1: | | A．picked out | B．came across | | C．called up | D．pointed at |
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| 小题2: | | A．Struck | B．Informed | | C．Surprised | D．Honoured |
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| 小题3: | | A．calming | B．determining | | C．reflecting | D．brightening |
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| 小题5: | | A．design | B．atmosphere | | C．decoration | D．regulation |
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| 小题6: | | A．uncomfortable | B．impolite | | C．impatient | D．unconscious |
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| 小题7: | | A．when | B．unless | | C．because | D．though |
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| 小题8: | | A．concluded | B．considered | | C．doubted | D．expected |
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| 小题9: | | A．mystery | B．adventure | | C．beauty | D．courage |
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| 小题10: | | A．More or less | B．After all | | C．At most | D．In no case |
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| 小题11: | | A．growing | B．watering | | C．putting | D．arranging |
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| 小题12: | | A．count | B．check | C．clean | D．change |
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| 小题13: | | A．refreshing | B．interesting | | C．satisfying | D．puzzling |
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| 小题14: | | A．prize | B．truth | | C．success | D．miracle |
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| 小题15: | | A．holds | B．attaches | | C．remains | D．focuses |
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| 小题16: | | A．strong | B．happy | | C．excited | D．shocked |
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| 小题17: | | A．good | B．new | C．small | D．special |
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| 小题18: | | A．printed | B．asked | | C．replied | D．said |
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| 小题19: | | A．introduces | B．warns | | C．suggests | D．reminds |
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| 小题20: | | A．regardless of | B．in terms of | | C．in addition to | D．instead of |
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The concept of solitude(独处) in the digital world is almost nonexistent.In the world of digital technology，email，social networking and online video games，information is meant to be ___.Solitude can be hard to discover____it has been given up.In this respect，new technologies have___our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n)____as we’ve known it.People have become so____in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted____they’d rather not be.Today we can talk，text，email，chat and blog(写博客)，not only from our____，but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become ____on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it，and at this point not____it would make them an outsider.____，many jobs and careers require people to be____.From this point of view，technology has changed the culture of work.Being reachable might feel like a___to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who____wants it.Computers can be shut____and mobile phones can be turned off.The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many____，as well as disadvantages.Travelers have ended up____on mountains，and mobile phones have saved countless lives.They can also make people feel ____and forced to answer unwanted calls or____to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society____across generations.Some find today’s technology a gift.Others consider it a curse.Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject，it’s hard to imagine what life would be like____daily advancements in technology.(2012·江苏)
| 小题1: | | A．updated | B．received | | C．shared | D．collected |
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| 小题2: | | A．though | B．until | | C．once | D．before |
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| 小题3: | | A．respected | B．shaped | | C．ignored | D．preserved |
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| 小题4: | | A．edge | B．stage | | C．end | D．balance |
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| 小题5: | | A．sensitive | B．intelligent | | C．considerate | D．reachable |
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| 小题6: | | A．even if | B．only if | | C．as if | D．if only |
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| 小题7: | | A．media | B．computers | | C．databases | D．monitors |
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| 小题8: | | A．bent | B．hard | | C．keen | D．dependent |
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| 小题9: | | A．finding | B．using | | C．protecting | D．changing |
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| 小题10: | | A．Also | B．Instead | | C．Otherwise | D．Somehow |
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| 小题11: | | A．connected | B．trained | | C．recommended | D．interested |
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| 小题12: | | A．pleasure | B．benefit | | C．burden | D．disappointment |
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| 小题13: | | A．slightly | B．hardly | | C．merely | D．really |
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| 小题15: | | A．aspects | B．weaknesses | | C．advantages | D．exceptions |
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| 小题16: | | A．hidden | B．lost | | C．relaxed | D．deserted |
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| 小题17: | | A．trapped | B．excited | | C．confused | D．amused |
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| 小题18: | | A．turn | B．submit | | C．object | D．reply |
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| 小题19: | | A．vary | B．arise | | C．spread | D．exist |
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| 小题20: | | A．beyond | B．within | | C．despite | D．without |
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A woman from Japan was telling a friend about her trip to the United States.The woman had visited major businesses and investment companies in New York City and Chicago.
“I studied English before I left home，”she said.“But I still was not sure that people were speaking English.”
Her problem is easy to understand.Americans in business are like people who are in business anywhere.They have a language of their own.Some of the words and expressions deal with the special areas of their work.Other expressions are borrowed from different kinds of work such as the theater and movie industry.
One such saying is “get your act together”．
When things go wrong in a business，an employer may get angry.He may shout，“Stop making mistakes.Get your act together.”
Or，if the employer is calmer，he may say，“Let us get our act together.”
Either way，the meaning is the same.Getting your act together is getting organized.In business，it usually means to develop a calm and orderly plan of action.
It is difficult to tell exactly where the saying began.But，it is probable that it was in the theater or movie industry.Perhaps one of the actors was nervous and made a lot of mistakes.The director may have said，“Calm down，now.Get your act together.”
Word expert James Rogers says the expression was common by the late 1970s.Mister Rogers says the Manchester Guardian newspaper used it in 1978.The newspaper said a reform policy required that the British government get its act together.
Now，this expression is heard often when officials of a company meet.One company even called its yearly report，“Getting Our Act Together.”
The Japanese visitor was confused by another expression used by American business people.It is cut to the chase.
She heard that expression when she attended an important meeting of one company.One official was giving a very long report.It was not very interesting.In fact，some people at the meeting were falling asleep.
Finally，the president of the company said，“Cut to the chase.”
Cut to the chase means to stop spending so much time on details or unimportant material.Hurry and get to the good part.
Naturally，this saying was started by people who make movies.Hollywood movie producers believe that most Americans want to see action movies.Many of their movies show scenes in which the actors chase each other in cars，or in airplanes or on foot.
Cut is the director’s word for stop.The director means to stop filming，leave out some material，and get to the chase scene now.
So，if your employer tells you to cut to the chase，be sure to get to the main point of your story quickly.
小题1:After the woman visited the United States she might feel that ________.| A．her English was poor | | B．it’s easy to master English | | C．it’s difficult to make money | | D．people there weren’t very friendly |
小题2:In which situation could the words “get your act together” be used?| A．A task is completed successfully. | | B．Players perform badly in a match. | | C．Audience is satisfied with the actor’s performance in a movie. | | D．Visitors make a tiresome and unpleasant trip to someplace. |
小题3:According to the text，the expression “get one’s act together” ________.| A．was first used by a Japanese businesswoman | | B．was forbidden to be used in the government policy | | C．originally came from a yearly report of a company | | D．was commonly read by readers in a newspaper in 1978 |
小题4:What do the sayings “get your act together” and “cut to the chase” have in common?| A．Their use. | B．Their meaning. | | C．Their origin. | D．Their popularity. |
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In Asia，there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them.Although all kites have a similar structure(结构)，they are widely different in size and shape.Kitefighting competitions are also held，in which competitors use their kites to attack and bring down their opponents’(对手) kites or cut their strings(线)．
For more than 15 years，the Big Wind Kite Factory has been giving kitemaking and kiteflying classes for the children on an island in Hawaii.In its kitemaking lessons，students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes！Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite.Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980.Their kites are made of nylon(尼龙)．Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne.The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite.
The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern.The difference between this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a twostring controllable kite.Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in.Then the controls are given to the students.
Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites.Even the simplest structure can work，and can give hours of fun.Go on，give it a try！
(2012·安徽，D)
小题1:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?| A．A hot knife is used to iron the nylon. | | B．Children never fly kites on their own in flying lessons. | | C．Kite strings must not be cut in kitefighting competitions. | | D．Daphne designs kites for the Big Wind Kite Factory. |
小题2:What is different about the kite used for flying lessons?| A．It has two strings. | | B．It is simple in design. | | C．It has a rainbow pattern. | | D．It is shaped like a diamond. |
小题3:According to Jonathan，what do you need to have fun with kites?| A．A large kite. | | B．Any type of kite. | | C．A complex structure. | | D．A kite that impresses others. |
小题4:What is mainly described in the text?| A．A kite factory. | | B．Kiteflying lessons. | | C．Special competitions. | | D．The kitemaking process. |
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While small may be beautiful，tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems，particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.
The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB)，which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall，has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants.Beds that are too small，shower heads that are too low，and restaurant tables with hardly any legroom all make life difficult for those of above average height，it says.
But it is not just the extratall whose needs are not being met.The average height of the population has been increasing yet the standard size of beds，doorways，and chairs has remained unchanged.
“The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it，so even a kingsize bed at 6′6″ (6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of men，while the standard 6′3″ bed caters for less than half of the male population，” said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy，“Sevenfoot beds would work fine.”
Similarly，restaurant tables can cause no end of problems.Small tables，which mean the longlegged have to sit a foot or so away from them，are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.
Some have already taken note，however.At Queens Moat Houses’ Caledonian Hotel in Edinburgh，6′6″ beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors，particularly Americans. (2011·新课标全国，B)
小题1:What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?| A．To provide better services. | | B．To rebuild hotels and restaurants. | | C．To draw public attention to the needs of the tall. | | D．To attract more people to become its members. |
小题2:Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?| A．7′2″. | B．7′. | C．6′6″. | D．6′3″. |
小题3:What may happen to restaurants with small tables?| A．They may lose some customers. | | B．They may start businesses elsewhere. | | C．They have to find easy chairs to match the tables. | | D．They have to provide enough space for the longlegged. |
小题4:What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?| A．Tall people pay more for larger beds. | | B．6′6″ beds have taken the place of 6′3″ beds. | | C．Special rooms are kept for Americans. | | D．Guest rooms are standardized. |
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