When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure (确保)that the aid
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When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure (确保)that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes. More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster; it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says, “Give me a fish and I eat for day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometimes what is take for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back form time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands. Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned, there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge. 小题1:According to the author, how could international aid reach the victims in time?A. By solving the cost problems | B. By solving the transportation problems | C. By setting up a body of devoted people in every country. | D. By relying on the direct distribution of the UNO. | 小题2:What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence? A.Providing food is vital | B.Learning to fish is helpful | C.Teaching skills is essential | D.Looking after others is important. | 小题3:The second paragraph is developed mainly _________.A.by example | B.by process | C.by comparison | D.by contrast | 小题4:Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands?A.A medical team. | B.An exchange program. | C.A water plant. | D.Financial support. | 小题5:What can we infer about international aid from the passage?A.It is facing difficulties | B.It is unnecessary during normal times | C.It should be given in the form of materials | D.It has gained support developed countries |
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答案
小题1:C 小题2:C 小题3:A 小题4:D 小题5:A |
解析
【文章大意】灾难在全球是不可避免的。国际援助雪中送炭。然而援助要落到实处,着实要有些高效的措施。灾难区要直接受惠于援助,联合国为此做出了努力。比如,建立一个正直无私心救援物质的管理团队。当然,本文作者认为高效的援助不在于物质,而是平日里技术知识的共享——打造坚强友谊,互派国际交换生! 小题1:细节理解题 从文章第一段最后一句Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.可以得知,救援物质要快速地分配到灾区,联合国可以在各国组建一支特别团队,专门实施这项工作。 小题2:语意理解题 “Give me a fish and I eat for day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.”相当于汉语谚语“授人以鱼不如授人以渔。”,强调的是“渔”(技术)。后文举例可以得到印证:“For example, a country could share its technology with another.”(一个国家可以与另一国共享技术资源)“…like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites.”(比如农业,或像医疗卫生保健甚至卫星的制造等复杂领域。)等。 小题3:段落结构题第二段段首句More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. 和段尾句Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.阐述中心:加强平日技术知识交流。段中的多次使用for example,like等词语。所以主要使用例证法来展开论述。 小题4:语意推断题 救援灾区的主要是各地的捐款和物质,如果falls into the wrong hands,那可能造成救援钱物被贪污或挪作他用。D选项符合此意。 小题5:大意理解题 文章首段首句提出问题:When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. 第二段首句More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times.以及第三段首句Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills.分别阐述解决international aid尴尬的有效办法。 |
举一反三
Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well. Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth. Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear. It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的) In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever. 小题1:The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.A.preparing a topic list first | B.focusing on one’s own mind | C.directing the talk to the desired results | D.experiencing the speaker’s inside world | 小题2:What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?A.How to listen well. | B.What to listen to. | C.Benefits of listening. | D.Problems in listening | 小题3:According to the author, in communication people tend to ________.A.listen actively | B.listen purposefully | C.set aside their prejudices | D.open up their inner mind | 小题4:According to the author, the patients improved mainly because _______.A.they were taken good care of. | B.they knew they were truly listened to. | C.they had partners to talk to. | D.they knew the roots of problems. | 小题5:What type of writing the article likely to be?A.Science fiction | B.A news report. | C.A medical report. | D.Popular science |
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In my living room, there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to “Bloom (开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area. Dorothy taught in a school In Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness. From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom. I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don’t know, poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground. Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph. D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things. (360 words) 小题1:“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to __________.A.a program directed by Dorothy | B.a course given by the author | C.an activity held by the students | D.an organization sponsored by Union college | 小题2: In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing __________.A.the long track | B.the poor houses | C.the same train | D.the winding road | 小题3:Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by __________.A.a warm welcome | B.the sight of poke greens | C.Dorothy’s latest projects | D.a big dinner made for her | 小题4:What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph? A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant. B. She got a pen as a gift from the author. C. She passed the required assessment. D. She received her Ph. D. degree. 小题5:What does the author mainly intend to tell us?A.Whatever you do, you must do it carefully. | B.Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment. | C.However poor you are, you have the right to education, | D.Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement. |
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It’s such a happy-looking library, painted yellow, decorated with palm-tree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof. About the size of a microwave oven, it’s pedestrian-friendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in Palm Beach country Estates, along the northern boundary of Palm Beach Gardens. It’s a library built with love. A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsin-based nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “That’s what we’re going to do for our spring break!” Son Austin, now a 10th-grader, didn’t see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. But Janey insisted, and husband Peter unwillingly got to work. The 51-year-old owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that he’d built years earlier for daughter Abbie’s toy horses, and made a door of glass. After adding the library’s final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book,” and making the Henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only Little Free Library in Palm Beach County. They stocked it with 20 or so books they’d already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids’ favorites. “I told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again,” said Janey, a stay-at-home mom. Since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day. The project’s best payoff, says Peter, are the thank-you notes left behind. “We had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.” (317 words) 小题1:In what way is the library “pedestrian-friendly”?A.It owns a yellow roof. | B.It stands near a sidewalk. | C.It protects book lovers from the sun. | D.It uses palm-tree stickers as decorations. | 小题2:Janey got the idea to build a library from __________.A.a visit to Brian Williams | B.a spring break with her family | C.a book sent by one of her neighbors | D.a report on a Wisconsin-based organization | 小题3:The library was built __________.A.by a ship supply company | B.on the basis of toy horses | C.like a mailbox | D.with glass | 小题4:What can we infer about the signboard?A.It was made by a user of the library. | B.It marked a final touch to the library. | C.It aimed at making the library last long. | D.It indicated the library was a family property. | 小题5:The passage tells us that the users __________.A.donate books to the library | B.get paid to collect books for the library | C.receive thank-you notes for using the library | D.visit the library over 5 times on average daily |
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To celebrate the end of our exams, my friends and I went to a fast food restaurant.We__26__hamburgers and Coca Cola at the counter. When our__27__came,I started walking towards an empty table. By bad luck, my purse strap (带子) got__28__on a chair and the tray (托盘) that I was holding slipped__29___my hands and went flying in the air. The tray, and its contents,__30___on a man who was just about to__31___a bite of his sandwich. I stared,greatly___32__,as the drinks soaked (浸湿) his white shirt. Then I___33__my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of__34__.Instead,he said “It’s OK” to_ 35__me before he disappeared into the washroom. Still shaky and unsure___36__to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look___37__.A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and___38__our table, my heart almost stopped ___39__.I thought he was going to ask for my father’s_ 40 __and call him. To my surprise, he merely smiled at us, handed us some cash and said,“__41___yourself new hamburgers. ”He then walked_ 42___without even finishing his food. He could have made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse,___43__he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still__44___in this world. I will never___45__his actions.
小题1: | A.ordered | B.made | C.arranged | D.demanded |
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小题2: | A.food | B.turn | C.bill | D.menu |
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小题3: | A.fixed | B.caught | C.cut | D.tied |
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小题5: | A.knocked | B.fell | C.stood | D.hung |
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小题6: | A.take | B.taste | C.swallow | D.chew |
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小题7: | A.discouraged | B.disappointed | C.shocked | D.annoyed |
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小题8: | A.bitterness | B.anxiety | C.anger | D.sorrow |
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小题9: | A.rolled | B.rubbed | C.narrowed | D.closed |
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小题10: | A.satisfy | B.comfort | C.encourage | D.praise |
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小题11: | A.how | B.who | C.what | D.which |
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小题12: | A.mild | B.honest | C.calm | D.modest |
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小题13: | A.pushed | B.approached | C.drew | D.laid |
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小题14: | A.beating | B.breaking | C.sinking | D.trembling |
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小题15: | A.help | B.position | C.number | D.job |
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小题16: | A.Prepare | B.Buy | C.Find | D.Cook |
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小题17: | A.on | B.around | C.up | D.away |
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小题18: | A.so | B.since | C.although | D.but |
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小题19: | A.kindness | B.happiness | C.politeness | D.brightness |
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小题20: | A.forget | B.refuse | C.oppose | D.ignore |
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Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past? When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen… At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary. Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future. I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves. 小题1:Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.A.observing her school routine | B.expressing her satisfaction | C.impressing her classmates | D.preserving her history | 小题2:What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary?A.A dull night on the journey. | B.The beauty of the great valley. | C.A striking quotation from a book. | D.Her concerns for future generations. | 小题3:What does the author put in her diary now?A.Notes and beautiful pictures. | B.Special thoughts and feelings. | C.Detailed accounts of daily activities. | D.Descriptions of unforgettable events. | 小题4:The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ______.A.to experience it | B.to live the present in the future | C.to make memories | D.to give accurate representations of it |
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