阅读理解。 Dog training is a business for some people,a serious hobby for others,
题型：期末题难度：来源：
experience for many. Individuals in all of these categories would probably agree that consistency
(一贯 性) is a key element of success from the beginning.
If puppies are to be socialized,they must learn to control the impulse to use the carpet as a
bathroom,chew shoes,or nip at fingers. The first issue,bathroom training is more easily accomplished
in warm weather. Try to feed your pup outdoors,and after he has finished eating, take him to a spot
where you would like him to eliminate.If he cooperates,praise him generously with words and pats.
Take him to the same spot after each meal,and eventually he will follow this routine himself.
The sight of a small puppy chewing through a new tennis shoe will make you do well to remove
the stolen shoe from the pup"s mouth and firmly say" No" . Provide your pup with some acceptable
toys, such as a ball or a chew toy.
Until your pup is well trained and trustworthy,don"t leave him unattended (无人看管的 ) unless
he is limited to a small area. When he is young,you want to be sure someone will praise your pup
or desired behavior and express disapproval when he does some- hing you want to discourage.
You will want your dog to learn to respond to the commandsCome" , " Sit" ,and" Stay" . Again,
consistency and praise will help you achieve this goal. Each time the dog responds as you wish, praise
him. Whenever he ignores your commands,make him do what you commanded and then praise him.
Negative behavior must be attended to also. You can discipline most dogs without hitting them.
Since they are usually anxious to please,most dogs are duty-punished-by-cruel words and tone of voice.
Remember to be consistent so your dog knows unquestioningly what is acceptable behavior.
Although the first stages of dog training require a great deal of time and patience,the reward of a
socialized and obedient dog is well worth the effort.
B. hobbyists
C. zoologists
D. anyone
B. Tying the dog up.
C. A firm tone of voice.
D. Starving the dog.
B. barking at strangers
C. bathroom training
D. responding to commands
B. A Good Puppy.
C. A six-Week Program to Train Your Dog.
D. Leave Dog Training to the Professionals.
答案
举一反三
winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some form-football, basketball,hockey, golf or tennis. It
may be mountaineering.
Those who have a passion ( strong emotion) for climbing high mountains are often looked upon with
astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship,and to take risks in high
mountains? This astonishment is caused, probably, by the differences between mountaineering and other
forms of activities.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man- made rules as others ,such as golf and
football. There are ,of course , rules of different kinds which it would be dangerous to ignore,but it is this
freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering at- tractive to many people. Those who climb
mountains are free to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference
is that mountaineering is not a" team game " . There are ,it is true , no " matches " between " teams"
of climbers,but when climbers are on a rock linked by a rope on which their lives may depend,there is
obviously teamwork.
A mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than
man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past it by the age
of thirty,but it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountain in the Alps. They may
take more time than younger men,but they perhaps climb with more skills and less waste of effort,and
they certainly experience equal enjoyment.
B. Skiing and skating.
C. Cycling and hockey.
D. Mountaineering.
B. it is too dangerous for climbers
C. it can"t bring people joy and leisure
D. it is free for climbers to use their own methods
B. Mountaineering is similar to other sports in many ways.
C. Climbers work like a team when their lives may depend on a rope.
D. Climbers help each other in time of difficulty.
B. physical quality is more important than mental quality for climbers
C. a mountain climber would pass it by the age of thirty
D. it is possible for an old man of fifty or sixty to climb the Alps
a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. "They" did things to you which caused all of your pain and
suffering. "They" are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as "they" are around. Or you may blame
yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing(内化)your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to
stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who
might like to control their lives, but they don"t let this get in the way. They know they have their
weaknesses, yet they don"t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the
matter. They believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的)moment of life is a gift and that storms are a
natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities,
yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺)in anger, guilt, and other emotions that
cause others—and even themselves—to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love,
inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and
creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a
job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for
months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the
grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have fuller, richer life by setting a clear
intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
B. Opportunities and problems.
C. Creators and their choices.
D. Victims and their sufferings.
B. possess the ability to predict future life
C. handle ups and downs of life wisely
D. have potential to create something new
B. Creators and victims are masters of their lives.
C. Victims can influence more people than creators.
D. Compared with victims, creators are more emotional.
B. people need family support to deal with challengers in life.
C. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains.
D. one"s experiences determine his attitude toward life.
B. To evaluate victims against creators.
C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
Attending builds friendships and acknowledging builds friendships. Friendships require equality and
friendships require loyalty from friends. It takes three years to build true friendship.
In most cases, the development from acquaintance to friendship occurs gradually. We reach out to
offer friendship by offering a potential friend caring, listening, talking, sharing, accepting, and affirming. It
takes time and effort to build friendship. They are built slowly, slowly, slowly…yet, nothing can add more
to your life than having truly intimate friends. "Just friends" is a goal which is well worth pursuing!
Self-disclosure is usually the first step in establishing a confident. And it is scary because of the
potential rejection factor. Do it anyway!
Listening and acknowledging builds friendships. Often when your child, lover/partner, or friend tells
you a story or voices a complaint, he/she is just asking for acknowledgement. This does not mean that
he/she wants agreement or compliance; it merely indicates a desire to be heard and understood.
Many conflicts in our personal relationships can be avoided if you take the time to acknowledge
others" feelings and points of view.
Listening and attending builds friendships. Paying attention to someone is called "attending".
It means that your ears, your eyes, your body and your feelings are all focused on that person at one
time. Attending is a very important part of any relationship. Looking at and focusing on another person
shows that you are "there for him/her".
Friends are equal. Without equality, you can"t have a close friendship. Friends are loyal and
trustworthy. No one can confide in someone they can not trust to be loyal and to keep his/her secrets.
Allow time for friendship to grow!
B. Six.
C. Seven.
D. Eight.
B. Remote.
C. Strange.
D. Helpful.
B. Require understanding from him/her.
C. Have trust in your friend.
D. Acknowledge the other"s feelings.
B. "Just friends" is very common for all in their life.
C. Time can build friendship and test true friendship.
D. Equality is the sole condition to develop people"s friendship.
child"s existing cell phone, it"s important to understand the various controls and technologies available
today.
The decision to get your child"s first cell phone usually occurs when you"re annoyed by your kid, who
insists that "everyone" has one. Whether that"s accurate or not is probably of little interest to your child,
but it"s typically his or her biggest selling point!
Often parents recognize the safety features of the child"s carrying a cell phone, including the ability to
communicate easily with parents by voice or text messaging. Convenience is also a large factor -knowing where in the mall to meet your child, or getting the notice that soccer practice has been delayed. It leads
to efficiency, convenience and safety for both you and your child.
But what about the downsides (负面影响) to kid cell-phone usage? Well, there"re plenty of issues to
consider, and the following tips should be of help.
Start small. When thinking about getting your child"s first phone, consider having your child first use
your cell phone for occasions when you"ll need to know the time and place for pickup, or in cases of
emergency. If the youngster handles your cell phone appropriately, consider allowing the child to have his
or her own phone with a small amount of voice minutes or text capability (容量) each month. This also
helps teach budgeting.
Practice together. Practice voice messaging and text messaging with your child. Both of you need to
become skillful at these techniques, and your child needs to see that you understand how to check his or
her texts, when the phone is being used and also who they"re communicating with.
B. children should not use adults" cell phones
C. adults should be clear about whom their kids contact
D. most adults are not familiar with functions of their cell phones
B. buy cell phones of small size
C. not use cell phones frequently
D. not teach teens to use cell phones
B. cell phones give children lots of benefits
C. it"s impossible for people to go without cell phones nowadays
D. most children pay their phone bills by themselves
B. point out cell phones" advantages
C. help teens choose cell phones
D. offer parents some useful advice
and stated: "If GM had kept up with technology like computer industry has, we would all be driving
twenty-five dollar cars that got 1000 miles to the gallon."
In response to Bill"s comments, General Motors announced a news release stating: if GM had
developed technology like Microsoft,
we would be driving cars with the following characteristics:For no reason your car would crash twice a day.
Every time they repaired the lines on the road you would have to buy a new car.
Sometimes your car would die on the free way for no reason and you would just accept this, restart
and drive on.
Only one person at a time could use the car, unless you bought "Car95" or Car NT". But then you
would have to buy more seats.
If you try to get your car to a mechanic, you"d make a long distance call, be put on hold for three or
four hours, when you finally got the mechanic, you"d be told how to fix it yourself, and mechanic would
hang up before you even tried his or her suggestions.
People would get excited about the " new" features in Microsoft cars, forgetting completely they had
been available in other cars for many years.
The airbag system would say: "Are you sure?" before going off.
Every time GM introduced a new model car, buyers would have to learn how to drive all over again
because none of the controls would operate in the same manner as the old car.
Microsoft cars would have a special radio/cassette player which would only be able to listen to
Microsoft FM, and play Microsoft Cassettes.
If you couldn"t afford to buy a new car, then you could just borrow your friends and then copy it.
You"d press the "start" button to shut off the engine.
B to inform that Microsoft will make cars in the future.
C. To compare cars made by GM with
those made by MicrosoftD. To make fun of the disadvantages of Microsoft"s products
B. would become useless in case of an accident
C. would not surprise the driver by going off suddenly
D. would remind the driver of the danger ahead of time
off the engine"?
B. It is better to control the engine like a computer.
C. The engine control system requires to be improved.
D. It is impossible to shut off the engine by pre
ssing the "start" button.[B. GM Should Learn from Microsoft
C. If Microsoft Built Cars
D. New Cars to be Made in the future
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