阅读理解 Beijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951.Britain is suffering throug
题型：山东省同步题难度：来源：
1981.And freezing weather is hitting the Deep South,including Florida"s orange groves and beaches.
Whatever happened to global warming?
Such weather doesn"t seem to fit with warnings from scientists that the Earth is warming because of
greenhouse gases. But experts say the cold snap doesn"t contradict global warming at all-it"s just a
temporary phenomenon in the longterm heating trend."It"s part of natural variability," said Gerald Meehl,
a senior scientist.With global warming,he said,"we"ll still have record cold temperatures.We"ll just have
fewer of them."
Scientists say manmade climate change does have the potential to cause more frequent and more
severe weather extremes.But experts did not connect the current cold snap to climate change.
So what is going on?
" We basically have seen just a big outbreak of Arctic air over populated areas of the Northern
Hemisphere",Arndt said.
In the atmosphere,large rivers of air travel roughly west to east around the globe between the Arctic
and the tropics.This air flow acts like a fence to keep Arctic air restricted.But recently,this air flow has
become bent into a zigzag (之字形) pattern,wandering north and south.If you live in a place where it
brings air up from the south,you get warm weather. In fact, record highs were reported this week in
Washington state and Alaska.
But in the eastern United States,like some other unlucky parts of the globe,Arctic air is coming from the north. And that"s how you get a temperature of 3 degrees in Beijing, a reading of minus 42 in mainland
Norway,and 18 inches of snow in parts of Britain.The zigzag pattern arises naturally from time to time,but
it is not clear why it"s so strong right now.
B．We"ll still have record cold temperatures
C．The air flow has become a zigzag pattern
D．Cold snap doesn"t contradict global warming
B．have more hot temperatures forever
C．never experience cold temperatures
D．have more cold temperatures
B．is not related to the climate change
C．shows that the climate will turn cold
D．is affected by global warming
B．a cooling trend in climate
C．a big outbreak of Arctic air
D．its large population
B．the zigzag pattern arises naturally accidentally
C．Beijing will get cold weather next year
D．Washington state and Alaska will not face cold weather next year
答案
举一反三
tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabetes (糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject
himself with insulin (胰岛素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness,
and even death. And if that weren"t bad enough, he had no health insurance.
After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided he"d better find a way to fight back. He left Canton,
Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created
diabeticrockstar. com, a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones-a place where over
1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources.
Jason Swencki"s son, Kody, was diagnosed with diabetes at six. Father and son visit the online
children"s forums (论坛) together most evenings. "Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over,"
says Swencki, one of the site"s volunteers. "They know what he"s going through, so he doesn"t feel
alone."
Kody is anything but alone: Diabetes is now the seventh leading cause of death in the United States,
with 24 million diagnosed cases. And more people are being diagnosed at younger ages.
These days, Thomas"s main focus is his charity (慈善机构), Fight It, which provides medicines and
supplies to people-225 to date-who can"t afford a diabetic"s huge expenses. Fightit. org has raised
about $23,000-in products and in cash. In May, Thomas will hold the first annual Diabetic Rockstar
Festival in the Caribbean.
Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while
still doing his fulltime job waiting tables. "Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into
finding a cure," says Bentley Gubar, one of Rockstar"s original members. "But Christopher is the only
person I know saying people need help now."
B. He studies the leading cause of diabetes
C. He has a positive attitude to his disease.
D. He encourages diabetics by writing articles.
B. volunteers to find jobs
C. children to amuse themselves
D. rock stars to share resources
B. benefits from diabeticrockstar. com
C. helps create the online kid"s forums
D. writes children"s stories online
B. It organizes parties for volunteer once a year.
C. It offers less expensive medicines to diabetics.
D. It owns a wellknown medical website.
B. employs 22 people for his website
C. helps diabetics in his own way
D. tries to find a cure for diabetes
able to put the tooth back in for you, but you have to get to the dentist first. In the meantime, you have
to store the tooth so that it will stay healthy.
The simplest thing to do is to put the tooth back into your mouth, or you could put it in milk. Frank
Courts, a dentist at the University of Florida, worked with other researchers to find the safest way of
keeping knocked-out teeth. He tried putting teeth into milk, into water, and into cell-culture medium
(细胞培养液). He also tried just drying the teeth in the open air. He used teeth that had to be removed
from people"s mouths for vanous reasons. The teeth were put into one of the solutions(溶液) or stored
in the air for one hour. Then cells from the root of the teeth were scraped off the teeth. Dr Courts and the
others then studied how healthy these cells were.
The cell-culture medium worked best to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth.
However, few people keep cell-culture medium handy at home or in school. The next best thing was
milk. But Dr Courts said that the best thing of all was to wash the tooth and put it right back into its
socket (牙槽) in the mouth. For some people, though, this is just too painful or upsetting. So milk will
do, until you get your tooth( andyour mouth) to a dentist.
1. This passage is mainly about .
A. how a dentist can save a knocked-out tooth
B. how to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy
C. how Dr Courts and other researchers made their experiments
D. how to put a knocked-out tooth back into its socket
2. Dr Courts tested __ .
A. man-made teeth
B. teeth dried in the open air
C. teeth pulled for various reasons
D. teeth put back in their sockets
3.The best way to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth is to store it .
A. in cell-culture medium
B. in milk
C. in water
D. in the open air
4. Milk can be used instead of cell-culture medium to put a knocked-out tooth in because .
A. milk works better to keep the tooth healthy
B. nulk causes less pain
C. cell-culture medium is not usually handy
D. cell-culture medium is more expensive
treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain important signs including pulse, temperature,
clear airway (气道), and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim"s condition from
turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of
the seriously injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim"s needs and the provider"s level of knowledge and skill.
Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do.Improperly moving a
person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的 ) injury and paralysis
(瘫痪) .
Despite the variety of injuries possible, several rules of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step
is to call for expert medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been
requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess (评估) the scene, asking
other people or the injured person"s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that
may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病) or heart trouble. The
victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special conditions. Unless the accident scene
becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to decide whether life-threatening conditions exist. One
method for accessing a victim"s condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词) ABC, which stands
for:
A-Airway: Is it open and clear?
B-Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look,listen, and feel for breathing.
C-Circulation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature
for additional indications of circulation problems.
1. First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT .
A. saving a victim"s life
B. preventing a victim"s condition from getting worse
C. relieving a victim from pain
D. helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury
2. Before we offer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us .
A. to make sure what to do and what not to do
B. to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid
C. to remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing
D. to take him/her to a hospital at once
3. In giving first aid to a victim, you should first of all .
A. remove his/her from the accident scene
B. turn him/her over
C. call for professional medical help
D. examine him/her carefully
4. You may assess (评价) a victim"s condition by all the following EXCEPT .
A. checking whether there is a pulse
B. looking, listening and feeling for breathing
C. replacing his/her medical card
D. examining whether the airway is open and clear
breathing, you have four minutes before his brain is completely destroyed. Support his neck, tilt(使翘
起) his head back and press his chin (下巴) upwards.This stops the tongue blocking the airway in the
throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesn"t work, start mouth-to-mouth
breathing. Prees his nostrils (鼻孔) together with your fingers. Open your mouth and take a deep breath. Blow into his lungs until his chest rises, then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat
twelve times a minute. Keep doing until help arrives.
To bring a child back to life, keep your lips around his mouth and nose and gently blow into his
mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to fill the blood with oxygen. If, in spite of your
efforts, he starts tuming a blue-grey colour, and you can feel no pulse (脉搏) , then pressing is the last
chance of saving his life.
With arms straight, rock forwards, pressing down on the lower half of the breastbone. Don"t be too
hard or you may break a rib(肋骨). Check how effective you are seeing if his colour improves or his
pulse becomes independent to your chest pressing. If this happens, stopthe pressing. Otherwise continue
until rescue amves.
1. This passage is mainly about .
A. how to save people out of the water
B. how to give first aid to people who are drowning
C. how to do mouth-to-mouth breathing
D. how to save a child from a nver
2. Once you get a drowning man out of the water, if he isn"t breathing, you must first .
A. get him breathing again
B. take him to the nearest hospital as soon as possible
C. find someone to help you
D. call the First Aid Centre
3. In the last paragraph, the underlined word "rescue" means .
A. breath
B. help
C. doctor
D. pulse
4. If the drowning boy has no pulse, .
A. pressing his chin upwards is enough to get him breathing
B. blowing air into his mouth is sure to save his life
C. pressing his nostrils together with your fingers can work
D. pressing is the last chance of saving his life
While colds won"t kill you, they can weaken your immune(免疫的)system. We can"t promise you"ll
never get hit with another cold or suffer the flu, but you can increase your probability of staying well in
these ways.
Wash your hands often. The Naval Health Research Center conducted a study of 40 000 people
who were ordered to wash their hands five times a day. These people cut their incidence of respiratory
(呼吸的) illnesses by 45 percent.
Run your toothbrush through the microwave on high for 10 seconds to kill germs that can cause
colds and other illnesses. You think it gets your teeth clean- and it does.
Get a flu shot every fall. The Centers for Disease Control recommends flu shots for anyone 50 years
old or older. Also, people who work or live with a high-risk person should _ so they don"t spread
the flu. Of course, anyone who just wants to avoid the flu should also get one.
Stop blaming yourself when things go wrong at work. Believe it or not, blaming yourself makes
you more likely to catch a cold! At least, that"s what researchers found when they studied more than
200 workers over three months. Researchers expect such attitudes make people more stressed on the
job, and stress, as you know, can challenge your immune system.
Leave the windows in your house open a crack in winter. Not all of them, but one or two in the
rooms in which you spend the most time. A bit of fresh air will do wonders for chasing out germs.
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
Although we can"t make sure that you never get a cold or the flu, you can probably reduce the chances
of catching a cold or the flu by using these ways.
3. Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10
words.)
4. What else can you suggest to avoid suffering the flu according to your own experience? Why?
( Please answer within 30 words.)
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph into Chinese.
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