Whenever we hear about “the homeless”, most of us think of the Developing world.
题型：不详难度：来源：
Whenever we hear about “the homeless”, most of us think of the Developing world. But the 36 is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 37 country like Germany?
Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 38 for the homeless of Berlin, Germany’s capital. They first 39 one long hot summer when most Germans were 40 on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, 41 a table in the street and gave food to the homeless.
The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren’t 42 . “What these people also need is warmth and 43 ,” says Rita. The Mullers didn’t 44 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita 45 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 46 to anyone who couldn’t face another night on the street.
The couple were soon 47 all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 48 donations. Today, over thirty companies 49 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 50 them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 51 new shoes.
Kurt and Rita receive no 52 for their hard work. “ We feel like parents,” says Rita, “and parents shouldn’t 53 money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary.” Though Rita admits she often gets 54 . She says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 55 in the world.
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D
小题6:B
小题7:A
小题8:D
小题9:A
小题10:C
小题11:A
小题12:D
小题13:B
小题14:C
小题15:C
小题16:A
小题17:B
小题18:D
小题19:C
小题20:B
解析
小题1:考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。此处result结果；truth事实；reason原因；idea想法，主意。每当我们听到无家可归这个词，我们大多数人就会想到副站长国家。但事实是无家可归的到处都有。
小题2:考查形容词词义辨析及学生对上下文的语境理解能力。此处traditional传统的；developing发展中的；typical典型的；wealthy富裕的。我们有多少人想看到一个像德国这么富有的国家也有人住在大街上。
小题3:考查名词词义辨析及学生对上下文语境的理解能力。根据后文Kurt Muller and his wife stayed at home， made sandwiches可知：他们为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了。
小题4:考查动词词义辨析。此处met遇到；left离开；called打电话；叫；began开始。他们从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始的。
小题5:考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力。此处asleep睡着的；alone独自的；across穿过；away离开，远去。他们从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始，而此时大多数德国人都外出度假了。
小题6:考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。此处set up安装；布置；临时搭起； put aside储存；撇开；bring up提出；抚养；gave away无偿赠送；暴露。Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，他们在街上布置好桌子，给无家可归者提供食物。
小题7:考查形容词词义辨析及学生对上下文语境的理解能力。此处enough足够的；necessary 必须的；helpful 有帮助的； expensive昂贵的。由后句中的what people also need…（人们还需要的是）可知，此处应该表达的是“穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够”。
小题8:考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。此处fame名誉；名声；freedom自由；courage勇气；caring关心；关怀。他们还需要温暖和关怀。
小题9:考查动词词义辨析及语境理解能力。此处hesitate犹豫； agree同意；pretend假装；intend打算，想要。穆勒夫妇毫不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上的人，并告诉他们随时给他打电话。
小题10:考查动词短语的含义及学生对上下文语境的理解能力。此处make sense有道理；find out找出；查明； make sure确定；work out算出；制定。前面说到穆勒夫妇把电话号码给街上的人，因此此处应是：Rita确保家里有人随时接电话。
小题11:考查形容词词义辨析及学生对上下文的理解能力。此处open开放的；crowded拥挤的；noisy嘈杂的；near附近的。她家对那些不能在街上再呆一夜的人是敞开着的。Be open to意为“对某人是敞开的；对……开放”。
小题12:考查动词词义辨析。穆勒夫妇马上就要花完他们的时间和金钱了。此处用动词过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。选项中，waste的词意不符合句意；cost意为“花费”，但主语不能是sb；take也可表示“花费”，但其主语一般是sth.或形式主语it。
小题13:考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解能力。此处pay for支付； ask for请求；look into调查； carry out贯彻；执行。因为穆勒夫妇马上就要花完他们的时间和金钱了，所以Kurt去了几家食品厂和服装厂请求捐赠。
小题14:考查副词词义辨析及语境理解能力。此处completely完全地；完整地；calmly平静地；镇定地； regularly经常性的，定期的；roughly粗略地；粗暴地。现在，三十多家公司定期地为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品。
小题15:动词词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。此处advertise作广告；lend借；deliver传送；递送；sell卖。志愿者们帮助向无家可归者分发这些食品物品。
小题16:考查动词词义辨析及学生对上下文语境的理解能力。此处donate捐赠； produce生产；design设计；collect收集。公众也给衣服和钱，而且一家制鞋商捐赠新鞋。
小题17:考查名词词义辨析及语境理解能力。此处permission允许；许可； payment报酬；付款；direction方向；support支持。穆勒夫妇没有因为他们的艰难工作而得到报酬。
小题18:考查动词词义辨析及语境的理解能力。此处borrow借；raise募集；have拥有； expect期望；期待。我们感觉就像父母一样，父母是不应该因为帮助自己的孩子而期望得到金钱的。动词都不符合句意。
小题19:考查形容词词义辨析及学生对上下文语境的理解能力。此处surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的； tired劳累的； amused娱乐的。尽管Rita承认常常会感到累，但她说她会继续这工作，因为她喜欢这种改变世界的感觉。
小题20:考查名词词义辨析及学生对语境的理解能力。此profit利润；difference不同；差别；decision决定； rule规则。解题关键是：掌握短语make a difference意为：使. . .不同。她说她会继续这工作，因为她喜欢这种改变世界的感觉。
举一反三
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(尝试) increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one"s future development.
小题1:What is the main idea of paragraph 1?
| A．People remember well what they learned in childhood. |
| B．Children have a better memory than grown-ups. |
| C．Poem reading is a good way to learn words. |
| D．Stories for children are easy to remember. |
| A．presenting research findings |
| B．setting down general rules |
| C．making a comparison |
| D．using examples |
| A．a result of overlearning |
| B．a special case of cramming |
| C．a skill to deal with math problems |
| D．a basic step towards advanced studies |
| A．It leads to failure in college exams. |
| B．It"s helpful only in a limited way. |
| C．It"s possible to result in poor memory. |
| D．It increases students" learning interest. |
That holiday morning I didn’t have to attend school. Usually, on holidays, Mother 36 me to sleep in. And I would certainly take full advantage of it. On this particular morning, ___37___,I felt like getting up early.
I stood by my window overlooking the ___38___, having nothing better to do. But as it turned out, I was soon to learn about something ___39___ in life.
As I watched several people go by, get into their cars and drive off, I ___40___ an old man on a bicycle with a bucket on its ___41___ and a basket rags and bottles on its back-carriage. He ___42___ from one car to another, washing and cleaning them. From the water on the ground, it seemed that he had already ___43___ washing and cleaning about a dozen or more cars. He must have begun to work quite early in the morning.
Several thoughts ___44___my mind as I watched him work. He wasn’t well-dressed. He had on a pair of shorts and a(n) ___45___ T-shirt. The bicycle he rode was not by any means the kind modern ___46___would want to be seen riding on. But he seemed___47___ with life. There he was, working hard at his small business, ___48___ at passers-by and stopping to chat now and then ___49___ elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby.
There was a noticeable touch of___50___ in the way he seemed to be doing things— ___51___the windscreen (挡风玻璃), then standing back to admire it; scrubbing (擦净) the wheels and ___52___, standing back to see what they look like after the scrub.
It was a ___53___ to learn, I felt. At no age need one have to beg for a ___54___if one has good health and is willing to work hard. For a while I felt ___55__ of myself. Young as I am—just sixteen, and there was this old man who must have been usefully engaged perhaps before the sun appeared above the horizon.
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“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my __36__ took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was __37__ to more, my interests in the world of dance __38__ varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a __39__ in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a __40__; I became a member of the company __41__ back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now, it surely __42__ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief __43__ I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually __44__ to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely __45__. I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the chance, it did not come without its fair share of __46__. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to __47__ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme __48__ to detail (细节) and stress on practice that set us __49__. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals __50__ a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new __51__ of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical __52__ were pushed much further than I thought __53__. I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great __54__ of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a __55__ that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.
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Peanuts to This
Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way?”
Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real talk I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice：flip (掷) a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.
Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?
Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster’s office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!
小题1:What did the author’s classmates think about his report?
| A．Controversial. | B．Ridiculous. |
| C．Boring. | D．Puzzling. |
| A．He was unfamiliar with American history. |
| B．He followed the advice and flipped a coin. |
| C．He forgot his teacher’s instruction. |
| D．He was new at the school. |
| A．annoyed | B．ashamed |
| C．ready | D．eager |
| A．by redoing his task |
| B．through his own efforts |
| C．with the help of his grandfather |
| D．under the guidance of his headmaster |
For the 17 years my life was very happy. Then the first sad thing happened. My mother became very ill, and soon she knew that she was dying. Just before she died, she asked Elizabeth and me to go to her room. She held our hands and said, “Victor and Elizabeth, my children, I’m very happy because you love each other, and because one day you’ll get married. Everyone in the family loves you, Elizabeth. Will you take my place in the family, my dear? I can die happy if you look after them when I have gone.”
My mother died and we were very sad, because we loved her dearly. Elizabeth was brave and helped us; her sweet smile gave us some happiness in the unhappy days after my mother’s death. The time came for me to go to university. I didn’t want to leave my sad family, but we all knew that I should go. It was hard to leave, too, because the parents of my good friend Henry would not let him go to university with me. So I had gone alone.
On my first day at university I met my teacher, Professor Waldman, who was one of the greatest scientists in the world. He gave a wonderful talk to all the students who were starting at the university. He ended his talk by saying, “Some of you will become the greatest scientists of tomorrow. You must study hard and discover everything that you can. This is why God made you intelligent—to help other people.”
After the professor’s talk, I thought very carefully. I remembered the storm when I was 15; I remembered how the lightning had destroyed the tree. From then on, I wanted to use electricity to help people, and I wanted to discover the secrets of life. I decided to work on these two things.
I started to work the next day. I worked very hard and soon Professor Waldman and I realized that I could learn to be a very good scientist.
The professor helped me very much, and other important scientists who were his friends helped me, too. I was interested in my work and I did not take one day’s holiday during the next two years, I did not go home, and my letters to my family were very short.
After two years, I had discovered many things and I built a scientific machine that was the best in the university. My machine would help me answer the most important question of all. How does life begin? Is it possible to put life into dead things? To answer these questions about life I had to learn first about death. I had to watch bodies from the moment when they died and the warm life left them. In the hospital and in the university, I watched the dying and the dead. Day after day, month after month, I followed death, so it was a dark and terrible time.
I built a tall mast about 150 meters high, which is higher than the tallest building in the city, to catch lightning and send the electricity down to my machine in the lab. I believed I could use that electricity to give life to things that were dead.
Then one day, the answer came to me. Suddenly I was sure that I knew the secret of life.
小题1:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Elizabeth married shortly after Victor’s mother died. |
| B．Elizabeth was a brave girl who loved Victor and gave him much help. |
| C．Victor’s mother was very angry when she knew he loved Elizabeth. |
| D．Victor did not want to leave his family because his mother died not long before. |
| A．he discovered many things and built a scientific machine |
| B．he learnt much about death both in the hospitals and in the university |
| C．he worked hard and took only one day’s holiday during the next two years |
| D．he built a tall mast to catch lightning and send the electricity down to the lab |
| A．give life to things that were dead |
| B．use electricity to help others |
| C．build the best machine to learn about death |
| D．become the greatest scientist of tomorrow |
① Victor’s mother passed away.
② Victor got help from the professor and other scientists.
③ Victor went to university and attended the professor’s talk.
④ Victor found the answer to giving life to things that were dead.
⑤ Victor experienced a storm, seeing the lightning destroying the tree.
| A．①②③④⑤ | B．⑤①②④③ | C．①③②⑤④ | D．⑤①③②④ |
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