Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym. Scientific investigations (调查) are almost always carried out by teams of people working together. Ideas are shared, experiences are designed, data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators. Group work is necessary, and is usually more productive than working alone. Several times throughout the year you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Whatever teh task your group is assigned, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience. What comes first is to keep an open mind, becasue everyone"s ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another. Mutual support and trust often make a great difference. Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, and everyone knows exactly when, why and what to do; take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be aware of where other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members. When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way. You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly. A format for exchanging information (e.g. photocopies of notes, oral discussion, etc.) is also important, for a well-chosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood. When the time comes to make a decision and take a position on an issue, allow for the contributions of each member of the group. Most important of all, it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement. After you"ve completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the team"s effectiveness-the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. |
Title | Working Together | Theme | Effective performance needs highly cooperated (1) ________ | General rules | ● Keep an open mind to everyone"s (2) ________. ● Divide the group task among group members. ● (3) ________ and trust each other. | (4) ________ | ● Understand and agree to the (5) ________ task of one"s own. ● Take turns doing various tasks. ● Show concern for others to ensure safety. ● Take (6) _________ for one"s own learning. ● Compare your own observations with those of others. | Explore an issue | ● Break the (7) ________ into several areas. ● Keep records of the sources just in (8) ________. ● (9) ________ your information with others via proper format. ● Make all decisions by compromise and agreement. | (10) ________ effectiveness | ● Analyze the strengths and weaknesses. ● Find out the opportunities and challenges. | 完形填空。 | Learning to Accept I learned how to accept life as it is from my father. 1 , he did not teach me acceptance when he was strong and healthy, but rather when he was 2 and ill. My father was 3 a strong man who loved being active, but a terrible illness 4 all that away. Now he can no longer walk, and he must sit quietly in a chair all day. Even talking is 5 . One night. I went to visit him with my sisters. We started 6 about life, and I told them about one of my 7 . I said that we must very often give things up 8 , we grow-our youth, our beauty, our friends-but it always 9 that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. Then suddenly my father 10 up. He said, "But, Peter, I gave up 11 ! What did I gain?" I thought and thought, but I could not think of anything to say, 12 , he answered his own question:"I 13 the love of my family." I looked at my sisters and saw tears in their eyes, along with hope and thankfulness. I was also 14 by his words. After that, when I began to feel irritated (恼怒的) at someone, I 15 remember his words and become 16 . If he could replace his great pain with a feeling of love for others, then I should be 17 to give up my small irritations. In this 18 . I learned the power of acceptance from my father. Sometimes I 19 what other things I could have learned from him if I had listened more carefully when I was a boy. For now, though, I am grateful for this one 20 . | ( )1.A. Afterwards ( )2.A. tired ( )3.A. already ( )4.A. took ( )5.A. impossible ( )6.A. worrying ( )7.A. decisions ( )8.A. as ( )9.A. suggests ( )10.A. spoke ( )11.A. something ( )12.A. Surprisingly ( )13.A. had ( )14.A. touched ( )15.A. should ( )16.A. quiet ( )17.A. ready ( )18.A. case ( )19.A. doubt ( )20.A. award | B. Therefore B. weak B. still B. threw B. difficult B. caring B. experiences B. since B. promises B. turned B. anything B. Immediately B. accepted B. astonished B. could B. calm B. likely B. form B. wonder B. gift | C. However C. poor C. only C. sent C. stressful C. talking C. ambitions C. before C. seems C. summed C. nothing C. Naturally C. gained C. attracted C. would C. relaxed C. free C. method C. know C. lesson | D. Meanwhile D. slow D. once D. put D. hopeless D. asking D. beliefs D. till D. requires D. opened D. everything D. Certainly D. enjoyed D. warned D. might D. happy D. able D. way D. guess D. word | 阅读理解诶。 | A lot of us lose life"s tough battles by starting a frontal (正面的) attack-when a touch of humor might well enable us to win. Consider the case of a young friend of mine, who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum (最后通牒) about being late on the job. Although there was a good reason for Sam"s being late-serious illness at home-he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn"t work any longer. His supervisor was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech. Yet, Sam entered the office at 9:35. The place was as quiet as a locker room (更衣室); everyone was hard at work. Sam"s supervisor came up to him. Suddenly, Sam forced a grin and stretched out his hand. "How do you do!" he said. "I"m Sam Maynard. I"m applying for a job, which, I understand, became available just 35 minutes ago. Does the early bird get the worm?" The room exploded in laughter. The supervisor clamped off a smile and walked back to his office. Sam Maynard had saved his job-with the only tool that could win, a laugh. Humor is a most effective, yet frequently neglected, means of handling the difficult situations in our lives. It can be used for patching up differences, apologizing, saying "no", criticizing, getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face. For some jobs, it"s the only tool that can succeed. It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrel. For example, many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance than people in any other forum. | 1. Why was Sam late for his job? | A. Because he was ill. B. Because he got up late. C. Because he was caught in a traffic jam. D. He was busy applying for a new job. | 2. The main idea of this passage is _____. | A. Sam Maynard saved his job with humor B. humor is important in our lives C. early bird gets the worm D. humor can solve racial discriminations | 3. The phrase "clamped off" in Paragraph 3 means _____. | A. tried to hold back B. tried to set C. charged D. gave out | 4. Which of the following statements can we infer from the passage? | A. Many lose life"s battles for they are lacking in a sense of humor. B. It wasn"t the first time that Sam came late for his work. C. Sam was supposed to come to his office at 8:30. D. Humor is the most effective way of solving problems. | 完型填空。 | A woman I know stood on the bathroom scales (浴室磅秤) after two weeks of diet and hard exercise around the park. The needle was 1 , stuck on the number where she had started. This struck her as 2 of how things had been going lately. She was destined (注定) never to be happy. As she dressed, feeling her tight jeans, she 3 a ten-pound note in her pocket. Then her sister phoned with a 4 story. When she hurried out to the car-annoyed that she had to get petrol-she discovered her flat mate had already 5 the tank for her. And this was a woman who thought she"d 6 be happy. Every day, it seems, we"re 7 with advice about happiness. The cruel message is that there"s something we" re supposed to do to be 8 (make the right choices, or have the right set of beliefs about ourselves.) Coupled with this is the 9 that happiness is a permanent condition. If we are not joyful all the time, we 10 there"s a problem. Yet what most people 11 is not a permanent state of happiness. It is something more ordinary, a 12 of what the American writer Hugh Prather once called "unsettled problem, ambiguous 13 and vague (不明确的) defeats with few moments of clear peace." Maybe you wouldn"t say yesterday was a happy day, 14 , you had a quarrel with your boss. But weren"t there moments of happiness, moments of 15 ? Now that you think about it. 16 , there a letter from an old friend, or a stranger who asked where you got such a good haircut? You remember having a bad day, yet those good moments 17 . So in my opinion, happiness is an 18 , not a condition. It"s spending a pleasant hour organizing your closet. It is your family assembled at dinner. It"s in the present not in the 19 promise of a "someday when…". How luckier we are and how much more happiness we experience-if we can fall in love with the life we are 20 . | ( )1.A. already ( )2.A. difficult ( )3.A. wasted ( )4.A. funny ( )5.A. moved ( )6.A. often ( )7.A. flooded ( )8.A. worried ( )9.A. question ( )10.A. wish ( )11.A. care ( )12.A. mixture ( )13.A. memory ( )14.A. so ( )15.A. silence ( )16.A. wasn"t ( )17.A. disappeared ( )18.A. attitude ( )19.A. near ( )20.A. living | B. still B. usual B. found B. sad B. broke B. never B. troubled B. successful B. condition B. conclude B. do B. puzzle B. stories B. because B. waste B. was B. worked B. attitude B. possible B. making | C. never C. typical C. picked C. simple C. covered C. always C. covered C. happy C. choice C. approve C. ask C. belief C. victories C. since C. spirit C. isn"t C. occurred C. ache C. distant C. doing | D. often D. hard D. got D. dull D. filled D. seldom D. satisfied D. angry D. thought D. agree D. experience D. time D. life D. but D. peace D. is D. changed D. attempt D. difficult D. talking |
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