英语翻译

题目

英语翻译
Money is used for buying or selling goods,for measuring value and for storing wealth.Almost every society now has a money economy based on coins and bills of one kind or another.However,this has not always been true.In primitive societies a system of barter was used.Barter was a system of direct exchange of goods.Somebody could exchange a sheep,for example,for anything in the market place that he or she considered to be of equal value.Barter,however,was a very unsatisfactory system because people's precise needs were seldom met.People needed a more practical system of exchange,and various money systems developed based on goods that the members of society recognized as having value.Cattle,grain,teeth,shells,feathers,salt,elephant tusks,and tobacco had all been used.Precious metals gradually took over because,when made into coins,they were portable,durable,recognizable,and divisible into larger and smaller units of value.
A coin is a piece of metal,usually disc-shaped,which bears words,designs or numbers showing its value.Until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries coins were given monetary worth based on the exact amount of metal contained in them,but most modern coins are based On face value—the value that the governments choose to give them,which doesn't show the actual metal content.Coins have been made of gold,silver,copper,aluminum(铝),nickel(镍),lead,zinc(锌),plastic and in China even from tea leaves.Most governments now issue paper money in the form.of bills,which are really" promise to pay".Paper money is obviously easier to handle and much more convenient in the modern world.Checks and credit cards are being used increasingly,and it is possible to imagine a world where "money" in the form.of coins and paper currency will no longer be used.Even today,in the United States,many places,especially filling stations will not accept cash at night for security reasons

答案

钱通常被用于买卖货物、衡量价值以及积蓄财富.几乎现在每一个社会都需要有各种纸币或硬币形式的货币经济.然而这并不一定是事实,在早期的社会是实行换物贸易,换物贸易就是直接交换货物,例如,人们可以在市场上用羊换任意想要的东西,只要他或她认为是等价交换就行.然而,换物贸易是不成熟的经济,因为人们的价值认定很难统一.人们需要更能体现交换物价值的的定价系统,因此各种钱币给货物定价的系统应运而生.人们所认同的有价值的物品如牛、谷物、牙、贝壳、羽毛、盐、象牙和烟草都曾被作为货币使用.贵重金属被广泛地使用,因为它们做成钱币轻便、耐用、可辨认,可以根据价格分割的大、小硬币.
一枚金属货币,通常被做成圆形,刻有字、图案、或数字来表明它的价值.直到18世纪和19世纪按照含有的金属量的多少,硬币被赋予了货币价值.但是当代的大多数货币只是体现面值——由政府选择并定价,并不真正体现实际含有的金属量.硬币可由金、银、铜、铝、镍、铅、锌、塑料制成,在中国甚至是茶叶.大多数政府现在使用纸币的形式,钞票,就是“付款承诺”.纸币在现代社会更容易流通,使用方便.支票和信用卡也正被广泛使用,而且被认为是世界通用的一种货币形式,因为硬币和纸币并不能长久地使用.甚至在现今的美国,很多地方,特别是加油站因为安全原因在晚上拒绝使用现金交易.