一、 概念和用法：过去进行时
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。其形式为was /were + V-ing。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last night,last Saturday等;或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用。例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么?时间段
二、 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：What was she doing at nine o‘clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她正在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点) When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。(when从句表示时间点)
三、 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：While he was waiting for the bus,he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。(两个动作都是延续的) He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
四、 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree,be动词,believe,belong,care,forget,hate,have(拥有)，hear,know,like,love,mean,mind,notice,own,remember,seem,suppose,understand,want,wish等。静态动词 暂时性动词 现在进行时同样也不能用
例如：误：I was knowing the answer.
正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误：I wasn‘t understanding him.
正：I didn‘t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
1. 过去进行时由“主语+was/were + 现在分词”构成
EX： We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。
2. 过去进行时的否定式由“主语+was/were not +现在分词”构成
EX： This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在修理自行车。
3. 过去进行时的疑问式由“was/were +主语+ 现在分词”组成
EX： Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗?
句型
肯定句=主语+was/were+doing+其它
否定句=主语+was/were+not+doing+其它
一般疑问句=Was/Were+主语+doing+其它
答语：Yes,I was/were.或No,I wasn't/weren’t.
特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它
例句
1、We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时，电话响了｡
2、This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. 昨天这个时候杰克没看电视。
3、He was repairing his bike.他在修理自行车。
4、When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时，灯熄灭了。
5、While we were talking, the teacher came in. 当我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。
6、While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。
7、He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时，我正在做饭。
8、Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。
基本用法
1、过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。
例：He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。
2. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。
例：I was wondering if you can give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。
【注】一般过去时也有类似用法，但比较而言，用过去进行时显得更客气，更加不肯定。
3.过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，也通常与 always,forever,continually等副词连用。
如：They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
4.动词be的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。
比较：He was friendly. 他很友好。(过去长期如此)
He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。(指当时一时的表现)
补充：when 的后面加一般过去时，而且动词是短暂性动词。
while 的后面加过去进行时，动词是延续性动词同省同留。
特殊用法
1、当句子意思很清楚时，我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时
例：We listened carefully when the teacher read the text. 老师读课文时，我们都仔细地听着。
2、表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置转移的动词时，也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
例：He told me(that)he was going soon. 他告诉我他很快就要走了。
3、表示故事发生的背景。
例：It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 那支医疗小组往前线行进时，天正下雪。
4、表示一个新的动作刚刚开始，可用来引出一个新的动作。
例：Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette. 5分钟后，他已站在门口抽着烟。
5、过去进行时还可以和when结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。
例：I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。
6、用来陈述原因或用作借口。
例：She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。
7、与always,constantly等词连用，表示感情色彩。
例：The girl was always changing her mind. 这女孩老是改变主意。
8、用在状语中。
例：He felt asleep when he was reading. 当他阅读时，他睡着了。
变化规则
现在分词
1. 在动词原形后直接加-ing
look-looking cook-cooking read-reading
2. 以不发音字母e结尾的动词 ，去掉e再加-ing
write-writing live-living
3. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后再加-ing
begin-beginning swim-swimming sit-sitting
4. 少数几个以ie结尾的动词，要变ie为y，再加-ing
tie-tying die-dying lie-lying
5. 以ic结尾的动词，要把ic变成ick再加ing
picnic→picnicking，traffic→trafficking
时间状语
this morning,the whole morning,all day,yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while,at that time.
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself;
It was raining when they left the station;
When I got to the top of the mountain,the sun was shining.
典型例题
(1) Mary _C_ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同 时，when表时间的同时性，"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。
(2) As she _b_ the newspaper,Granny _b_ asleep.
A.read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B. 句中的as = when,while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去式)，是系动词，后跟形容词。
时态比较
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
1.都强调过去发生的事
过去进行时强调过程，不一定完成
一般过去时强调事件，一定完成
p.s.：表示一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了,第一个动作用过去进行时，第二个动作用一般过去时。
或者说：过去的一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，如果两动作一样长，则都用过去进行时。如果一个长一个短，则较长的用过去进行时。
例：He played when I was studying.
2.过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作，但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作，而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作。例如：
例：I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信.(可能没打完)
I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信.(已经打完)
1、一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。(延续性动词)
例：She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。(信写完了)
She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。(信不一定写完)
2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。(短暂性动词)
例：She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。
3、句中有a moment ago之类的短语一般用一般过去时。
4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去进行时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作：
例：I was talking to Tom the other day. 那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。
这里的过去进行时给人的印象是这一动作既不特殊，也不引人注目。它同时还倾向于解除主语对于这一动作所负的责任。句中谁先开口说话既不清楚，也无关紧要。要注意它与一般过去时的差异：
注意：进行时态只用于表示显然是连续不断的动作。如果把动作分割开，或者说出其发生的次数，就必须用一般过去时：
例：I talked to Tom several times. 我跟汤姆谈过几次话。
Tom washed both cars.汤姆把两辆汽车都洗了。
当然，看来是并行的两个动作可以都用进行时态来表示：
例：Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog.一点到两点之间我在购物、遛狗。
这样用的进行时态通常和某些时间状语如 today，last night，in the afternoon连用。这些时间状语可以看做是表示某一时刻，也可以看做是表示某一段时间。如上面例句所示，某一段时间也可以用确切的时间来表示。
如想问起一段时间怎样度过时，用过去进行时态要用比一般过去时显得有礼貌：
What were you doing before you came here?(你来这里之前做什么工作?)要比 What did you do be- fore you came here?听起来有礼貌。
另一方面， What were you doing in my room?(你在我的房间里干什么来着?)可能表示这样一种情感：我认为你没有权利在我的屋子里。但 What did you do in my room?却毫无这种含义。
不用于进行时的动词
感官动词：hear,see,notice,feel,taste……
表示态度感情的动词：like,love,hate……
表心理状态：feel,want,prefer……
表占有：own,have，……
表存在状态和持续：look,owe,be……
| on purpose set down get along with in order to be crazy about according to face to face be concerned about as far asone is concerned be tired of |
| — Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. — Where was I? — You _____ you didn"t like your father"s job. |
A. had said B. said C. had been saying D. were saying |
| The teacher, along with his students, _____ experiments in the laboratory when the explosion happened. |
A. were doing B. have been doing C. was doing D. had done |
| — What ______ when I phoned you? — I ______ my work, and I wanted to go out. |
A. have you done; finished B. were you doing; have finished C. did you do; had just finished D. were you doing; had just finished |
| This time yesterday, the professor _____ an excellent speech. |
A. is making B. was making C. makes D. made |
| — Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favour? — Of course. What is it? — I _____ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. |
A. had wondered B. was wondering C. would wonder D. did wonder |
| When tomatoes were brought to Europe from America, people who bought them thought they _____ red apples. |
A. had bought B. bought C. were buying D. would buy |
| Good heavens! There you are! We _____ anxious about you, we _____ you back much earlier all through the night. |
A. are; expect B. were; had expected C. will be; are expecting D. have been; were expecting |
| You can"t have heard my words. You _____ at something outside. |
| [ ] |
| A. are staring B. stared C. stare D. were staring |
| — Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? — No, I _____ my homework all day yesterday. |
A. was doing B. would do C. had done D. do |
| I walked slowly through the market, where people _____ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. |
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold |
| — Can you give me the right answer? — Sorry, I _____. Would you repeat that question? |
A. hadn"t listened B. haven"t listened C. don"t listen D. wasn"t listening |
| Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn"t want her mother to know what she _____. |
| A. has done B. had done C. was doing D. is doing |
| I _____ along the street when I suddenly heard footsteps behind me. |
A. am walking B. had walked C. had been walking D. was walking |
| — Tom, why not come yesterday? — I _____, but I had a quite important meeting. |
A. had B. will C. did D. was going to |
| — Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? — No, I _____ my homework all day yesterday. |
A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do |
| 改错题。 |
| 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线（_____），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 |
| My sister saw a lovely cup when we are shopping the other day. She liked it at once. Then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it. As she did this, lots of tea splashed on his T-shirt! I had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face! My sister wanted get out of the shop as fast as she could when a shop assistant came over to us. It was turned out to be her own cup, that she"d left on the shelf by mistake. The assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister, for I just thought it was funny! ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ |
| Hello! I thought you _____ to this concert tonight. |
A. hadn"t come B. won"t come C. weren"t coming D. haven"t come |
| When I said that someone was late for the meeting, I ______ you. Why were you so angry at that time? |
| [ ] |
| A. didn"t refer to B. wasn"t referring to C. haven"t referred to D. hadn"t referred to |
| — Did you telephone Uncle Sam our plan for the Christmas holidays on his farm? — Yes, he was happy about our arrival, and he eagerly asked when _____. |
A. had we arrived B. we had arrived C. were we arriving D. we were arriving |
| The girls _____ a game called Bomb happily when the teacher suddenly entered the classroom. |
| [ ] |
| A. played B. were playing C. are playing D. had played |
| — Has Tom already finished his new story? 一 I have no idea. He _____ it last month. |
| [ ] |
| A. had written B. was writing C. would write D. wrote |
| — Can you give some advice on what I said just now? — Sorry. My mind _____. |
A. is wandering B. was wandering C. has wandered D. had wandered |
| — What"s the problem, Sir? — You _____ at least at a speed of about 100 miles per hour. |
A. are driving B. drove C. were driving D. have been driving |
| — You were out when I dropped in at your house. — Oh, I _____ for a friend from England at the airport. |
A. was waiting B. have waited C. am waiting D. had waited |
| The police _____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. |
| [ ] |
| A. is searching for B. were searching for C. are searching for D. were searching |
| — Did you watch the basketball match yesterday? — Yes, I did. You know, my brother ____ in the match. |
A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played |
| I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn"t get through. Her brother ____ on the phone all the time! |
A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked |
| I ____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ____. |
A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred |
| The reporter said that the UFO _____ east to west when he saw it. |
A. was traveling B. travelled C. had been traveling D. was to travel |
| — Did you watch the basketball match yesterday? — Yes, I did. You know, my brother _____ in the match. |
A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played |
| The telephone _____, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. |
A. had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung |
| — Has Tom finished writing his essay today? — I have no idea. He _____ it this morning. |
A. wrote B. has written C. was writing D. had written |
| As they ____ through the nature park, they saw some squirrels, a gang of monkeys and two deer. |
A. walked B. were to walk C. had walked D. were walking |
| — Beg your pardon, but I didn"t follow you. — Oh, I _____ myself. |
| A. would talk to B. talked to C. had talked to D. was talking to |
| — You wear a sad look on your face. What"s wrong, Linda? — Oh, nothing much. I _____ of my friends back home actually. |
| [ ] |
| A. just thought B. have just been thinking C. was just thinking D. have just thought |
| — Do you still remember the first time we met at school, Jerry? — Yes, I do. You _____ in the classroom. |
A. were reading B. had read C. have read D. are reading |
| Mr. White ____ his racing bicycle by himself yesterday, but I am not sure whether it is ready. |
A. repaired B. had repaired C. was repairing D. would repair |
| — What do you mean by saying that? — When I said some students are lazy, I ____ to you. |
A. don"t refer B. wouldn"t refer C. hadn"t referred D. wasn"t referring |
| During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _____ not to touch and unattended bag. |
| [ ] |
| A. had always been warned B. were always being warned C. are always warning D. always warned |
| The students ______ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ______ in the office. |
| [ ] |
| A. had written; left B. were writing; has left C. had written; had left D. were writing; had left |
| Unfortunately when we arrived she _____, so we only had time for a few words. |
A. just left B. has just left C. was just leaving D. had just left |
| I"m not sure whether he has finished writing the book, but he ____ it last month. |
| [ ] |
| A. worked at B. was working on C. worked on D. was working at |
| — Why on earth didn"t you answer the phone? — I"m terribly sorry, but the doorbell ____, too. |
A. is ringing B. rang C. was ringing D. was about to ring |
| ---Why weren"t you at the meeting? ---I _____ for a good friend from America. |
A. waited |
| Had you joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we _____ about then. |
A. had talked B. have talked C. talk D. were talking |