The earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was
题型：不详难度：来源：
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:C
小题5:D
小题6:A
小题7:C
小题8:A
小题9:B
小题10:B
小题11:C
小题12:B
小题13:C
小题14:C
小题15:D
解析
试题分析：短文大意：现在的生活比数百年前是更容易了，但它也带来了一些新的问题。最大的问题之一是空气污染。告知人们为了人类，为了后代，我们必须要保护我们的家园——地球。
小题1:考查数词及语境理解。表示整百时hundred不用复数，也不跟of连用，但表示概数时，hundred必须用复数，并且跟of连用。数百年前hundreds of years ago是一固定用法，所以选B。
小题2:考查动词及语境理解。 listen 听，是一个非及物动词，常与 to 搭配使用 ，强调听的动作过程；hear of 听到，听说；hear 听，听见，是一个及物动词，强调听的结果。根据We can see it, smell it, drink it and推知选D。
小题3:考查名词及语境理解。Moon月球；star 星；earth 地球；sun 太阳。结合句意人类已污染了地球可知选C。
小题4:考查形容词及语境理解lot 很多；little 很少，几乎没有；many 许多，修饰可数名词复数；much 许多，修饰不可数名词。根据上句The more people, the more pollution.（人越多，污染越多）可知本句句意为：许多年前，这问题不严重是因为没有如此多的人，people是复数名词，所以选C。
小题5:考查代词及语境理解。others 其他的，泛指；the others 其他的，特指；the other 另一，指两者当中的另一者；another另一，指多数当中的另一者。根据上句When the land was used up, the river was not clean in a place,（当土地被用光，那地方的河流不干净时）知本句句意为：人们就去了另一个地方，所以选D。
小题6:考查名词及语境理解。 Air 空气；Food 食物； Water 水；Noise噪音。跳读知句意：现在，人类正在慢慢地污染整个世界，空气污染仍然是最严重的，所以选A。
小题7:考查名词及语境理解。life 生活，复数为lives；live 居住，现在分词为 living ，第三人称单数为lives 。living things生物，是一固定说法，所以选C。
小题8:考查不定代词及语境理解。something 某事，某物；bad 坏的； good 好的；形容词修饰复合不定代词要放在后面。跳读知句意：许多国家不允许人们燃烧废物，所以选A。
小题9:考查名词及语境理解。Water水；air 空气；noise 噪音； white白色，白色的。根据常识二氧化硫污染是最危险的空气污染可知选 B。
小题10:考查形容词及语境理解least 最少的； best 最好的；most 最多的；worst 最坏的。跳读知句意：人们说最好骑自行车，所以选 B。
小题11:考查动词及语境理解。驾驶汽车用drive，骑自行车用ride。跳读知句意：人们骑自行车，没有污染。个和前面的are可知选 C。
小题12:考查疑问词及语境理解why 为什么；because 因为； what 什么；how 怎么。根据句意这不是因为自行车贵，可知选 B。
小题13:考查动词短语及语境理解put on 穿，戴；look at 看； put away 收起，放好； look up向上看，在字典参考书中查找。根据前句It’s because the number of cars on the roads becomes larger.（这是因为道路上的汽车数量变大） 知本句意为更多的人收起他们的自行车而开车去工作，所以选C。
小题14:考查形容词及语境理解。better and better 越来越好； more and more 越来越多；worse and worse 越来越坏； bigger and bigger 越来越大。根据前句more people put away their bikes and go to work by cars（更多的人收起他们的自行车而开车去工作）知,本句句意为，情况变得越来越糟，所以选C。
小题15:考查副词及语境理解。quite 很，非常；such 如此，常用在名词前；very 非常，很； so如此，常用在形容词或副词前。Such…that，so..that，都译为如此…以致，由于difficult为形容词，故用so。所以选 D。
考点:科普环保类短文。
举一反三
Yet people around the world continue to smoke. In the United States, about forty-seven million adults smoke. This year, more than 430,000 Americans died of diseases which have something to do with smoking. The American Cancer Society(美国癌症协会)says smoking harms the body greatly. It warns that smoking even a number of cigarettes is dangerous.
It’s not easy to give up smoking. However, doctors say you probably will live longer if you do stop smoking. You will feel better and look better. You also will protect the health of family members who breathe your smoke.
There is not one right way to stop smoking, doctors say. Any way can help. You can take long walks or spend time in places where smoking is not allowed. Also, you can eat a small piece of fruit or vegetable instead of having a cigarette. The sooner you stop smoking, the more you’ll reduce your chances of getting cancer and other diseases.
Stop smoking before smoking stops you!
小题1:How many people die from smoking each year?
小题2:What does the American Cancer Society say about smoking?
小题3:Is it easy to give up smoking?
小题4:What will happen if you stop smoking sooner?
小题5:What is the best title of the article?
Letter A
| To the Editor: Why do our children have 11 weeks of summer vacation? Many years ago, 85 percent of Americans worked on farms. Children needed summer vacation because they helped with the farm work. Today only 3 percent of Americans work on farms. But our children still have long summer vacations. American students lose one or two months of learning during their summer vacations. Away from school for so many weeks students forget what they learned. Experts say that students lose maths skills and reading skills. At the beginning of school in September, teachers have to review last year’s studies for the first four to six weeks of school. Summer vacations are not great opportunities for learning. Most parents work outside of the home. They can’t be with their kids during the long summer months. Some families can pay for summer camps, but many can’t. Most children stay home and watch TV. They are bored. Most children do not learn new skills during the summer. James, Teacher |
| To the Editor: I am against a longer school year. I believe people learn everywhere, not just in school. I believe children gain experience in the world. Summer vacation is a great opportunity. Kids can discover the world outside of school. They can learn to do things they can’t learn in a classroom. They can learn to swim and ride bikes. They can travel or go to summer camps. They can take time to do things like cooking and art. Some can get summer jobs. They can get work experience or help people in the community. They can spend time with people of other ages. Basically, they can get more experience in the world. Long summer vacations give families time together. During the school year, everyone is busy. During summer vacations, we take time to do things together. Vacations are good for families. Linda, Parent |
小题1:According to the chart, which two countries have the same number of school days?
| A．England and Australia . | B．Singapore and Thailand. |
| C．Japan and the United States. | D．South Korea and China. |
| A．study in school | B．go to summer camps |
| C．have new experiences | D．help on the farm |
| A．travel abroad | B．are with their children |
| C．are busy with their work | D．go to summer camps |
| A．no time to watch TV | B．more work experience |
| C．more classroom time | D．better reading skills |
| A．they learn to swim and ride bikes | B．they go to summer camps |
| C．they do cooking | D．they improve maths skills |
| A．Yes to a Longer School Year | B．Vacations Are a Way of Experiencing |
| C．Adults Need More Vacation Time | D．Vacations Are Boring to Families |
A comet sometimes looks like a star. Like a planet, a comet has no light of its own. It shines from the sunlight it reflects (反射). Like the earth, a comet goes round the sun, but on a much longer path (轨道) than the earth travels.
If a comet isn’t a star, what is it then?
Some scientists think that a large part of a comet is water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron and rock dust and perhaps a few big pieces of rock. When sunshine melts (融化) the ice in the comet, great clouds of gas go trailing after it. These clouds, together with the dust, form a long tail.Many people perhaps have seen a comet. However no one knows how many comets there are. There may be millions of comets, but only a few come close enough for us to see.
An Englishman named Edmund Halley, who lived from 1656 to 1742, found out a lot about the paths that comets take through the sky. Some comets move out of our sight and never come back. Others keep coming back at regular times. A big comet that keeps coming back was named after Halley because he was the one who worked out when it would come back again. Maybe you have ever seen Halley’s Comets because the last time it came close to the sun and the earth was in the year 1986. Then people all over the world were outside at night to look at it. You will probably be able to see Halley’s Comets when it comes near the earth again.
小题1:A comet is like ________.
| A．sun | B．moon | C．sunlight | D．the earth |
| A．water and rock |
| B．water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron |
| C．ice, iron and rock dust |
| D．only a few big pieces of rock |
| A．haven’t seen any comets | B．have seen all comets |
| C．have seen a comet at daytime | D．have seen a comet |
| A．at any time | B．at noon | C．at regular times | D．at daytime |
| A．in 1990 | B．in 1980 | C．in 1986 | D．in 1989 |
Wang Jiaming from Beijing Chenjinglun High School says he is a lucky boy .He’s happy that he’s sitting the senior high school entrance exam in2014 instead of 2016.
On October 22,Beijing Municipal Commission of Education* announced that, from 2016,the English scores in the senior high school entrances exam will be reduced* from 120 to 100.Of the 100 points, the listening ability scores will increase to 50.Meanwhile, the points for Chinese will increase from 120 to 150.
“The change won’t affect me. I fell so lucky because English is my strongest subject,’’ said Wang. Why such a change? It places the importance on Chinese in our study and reduces students’ pressure, said Li Yi, a spokesman of the commission.
“The change will also push us to pay attention to the practical usage of English.,’’ said Li. “Students will be encouraged to learn to understand English menus and read English news on mobile phones.”
There isn’t news that other cities will have the same change. But several places are making changes to English tests in the college entrance exams.
For example, Shandong is considering taking out the listening part of the English exam in its Gaokao. But, “ being tested for less points doesn’t mean the subject can be taken lightly,” Bai Ping wrote in China Daily.
English has long been the world’s most commonly used language. Wang Jiaming said he understood the change.
“Chinese, not English, is our mother tongue*,” he said. “ but still, I think English is both interesting and useful.”
小题1: In the Beijing senior high school entrances exam of 2016, the English scores will be cut down to __________.
| A．50 | B． 100 | C．120 | D．150 |
| A．the exam change from 2016 doesn’t affect him |
| B．he doesn’t need to take the important exam |
| C．Chinese is his strongest subject |
| D．he is not good at chemistry |
| A．the students can spend less time on English. |
| B．it’s harder to for the students get a high score. |
| C．English is not as important and useful as before |
| D．studying English is still important for the students. |
| A．To encourage students to learn how to order meals in English. |
| B．To make students to learn to read English news on mobile phones. |
| C．To ask students to prepare for the college entrance exam. |
| D．To make students pay more attention to learn Chinese. |
The air pollution was so bad in Harbin, in China, on October 21,2013 that the city had to close roads and schools, and cancel* hundreds of flights from its airport.
News reports said the smog (a mixture of smoke and fog) was so thick that people couldn’t see more than 10 or 20 metres in front of them.
It is also said that people could not even see the person standing next to them. The city’s website said: “You can’t see your own fingers in front of you.”
The local people said there was a “burning” smell in the air. Many people covered their noses and mouths with scarves or masks*.
The pollution was caused on several factors* including: farmers burning off old corn stalks* and crop stubble*; coal*-fired heating systems; and low winds that allowed the smoke to remain over the city.
The smog had been building up for several days. It became worse when the city turned on the public heating system, which uses coal to heat millions of homes and offices in the city.
Harbin has a population of more than 10 million people. It lies in northeastern China, where cold winter weather can last up to six months. The main fuel* there is coal, because it is cheaper than other types of fuel.
Air pollution from burning coal can cause health problems like heart disease. During the smog crisis* in Harbin, the number of people taken to the hospital with breathing problems was 30% higher than usual.
The city government is trying to reduce its use of coal by adding more insulation* and better roofs and windows to buildings to reduce heating needs. It has also used cleaner fuel for cars and factories.
小题1:The roads and schools in Harbin had to be closed on October 21, 2013 because of ____
| A．the heavy rain | B．the strong wind | C．the serious smog | D． the terrible snow |
| A．farmers burn off old corn stalks and crop stubble |
| B．people use coal to heat millions of homes and offices |
| C．The smoke remains over the city because of low winds |
| D．Many buses and cars use cleaner fuel and so do factories. |
| A．To offer cars new fuel. |
| B．To give people more masks. |
| C．To reduce its use of coal. |
| D．To ask people to stay at home. |
| A．The serious air pollution in China |
| B．Coal-fired heating systems |
| C．The population crisis in Harbin |
| D．The reasons for heart disease |
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