阅读理解。 Communication theory (理论) often talks about how speakers should presen
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| 阅读理解。 |
Communication theory (理论) often talks about how speakers should present their material (材料).
However, listeners play the same important role. Some of them focus on the speaker, while others daydream
or talk to a neighbor. What is the difference between these two kinds of listeners? Generally speaking,
effective (有效的) listeners have discovered the advantages of paying close attention. Not having experienced
the rewards of paying close attention, ineffective listeners continue to wonder why they can"t remember what
they "heard" or why they do poorly on tests.
How do effective listeners manage to pay close attention? First of all, they avoid letting poor circumstances,
like an uncomfortable seat, a personal problem, or the speaker"s mannerisms, distract (分心) them. Instead,
they "tune out" anything that will keep them from understanding and remembering what they hear. After leaving
a lecture or meeting, they remember what was said,not the room conditions or the poor delivery of the speaker.
On the other hand, ineffective listeners who think they are paying attention to the message can be easily
daydreaming.
In order to prevent probable distractions, effective listeners actively but objectively focus on the message
itself. They do not prejudge the speaker as representing a viewpoint which is completely different from their
own, nor do they prejudge the material as boring,too easy,or too difficult. Effective listeners accept the new
ideas. To help themselves become actively concemed with the speaker"s message,effective listeners write down
important words and phrases as a reminder of difficult ideas.
Ineffective listeners don"t like theoretical material;they may pretend to listen but daydream instead to avoid
hearing what they don"t agree with or readily understand. Moreover, rather than attending to meaning itself,
ineffective but well-intentioned listeners might be so interesteq in taking a lot of notes that they miss the
speaker"s main idea. These listeners leave a speech or a class with a notebook full of words.
Clearly, a certain amount of effort is concemed with (与...有关) listening actively, objectively, and openly
to new ideas. But as that effort begins to pay off for ineffective listeners, they too will develop this skill as a
beneficial lifelong habit. |
| 1. The underlined phrase "tune out" means "_____". |
A. deal with
B. pay no attention to
C. pick out
D. think about |
| 2. Which of the following statements is close to the writer"s opinion? |
A. Listeners will develop listening skills if they copy all the words the speaker said.
B. Listeners may remember what was said if they prejudge the speaker"s viewpoint.
C. Listeners should accept the new ideas and write down important words.
D. Listeners can daydream to avoid hearing what they don"t understand. |
| 3. The main purpose of this passage is to _____. |
A. point out the results of effective listening
B. describe the listening habits of poor listeners
C. discuss the methods which are used by all kinds of listeners
D. state the differences between effective and ineffective listeners |
答案
| 1-3. B C D |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
Ivan Fletcher loves crazy inventions. He writes a weekly magazine column (专栏) called Unbelievable
Inventions.
"One of my favorite inventions is the Butter Stick. It looks like a glue, but it"s butter. You spread it on
the bread without using a knife," he says. "Another cool invention is Duster Slippers for pets. You put these
special shoes on your dog or cat. As the animal runs around your house, it collects dust from the floor. Very
useful!" A lot of these inventions come from Japan-the home of the crazy invention.
Ivan says that the British also invent a lot of crazy things. "The other day I found an invention called a
Cat Seat Saver," he says. "The Cat Saver looks exactly like a sleeping cat-but it isn"t real. You put it on your
seat if you have to go to the rest room. No one will sit in your seat because they think there"s a sleeping cat
on it. Pretty cool!"
However, does anyone buy these things? Yes. Lucy Wade from the shopping website crazygadgets.com
says that their customers are young, professional people.
"They buy these small things mostly for fun," she says. "They are usually looking for a present for a
friend"s birthday or a silly girl for someone they work with."
If you have an idea for an amazing invention, send it to Lucy at lucyw@crazygagets.com.
Fish Radio
This useful radio is completely waterproof, so you can listen to it in the shower. Simply stick on the
bathroom wall and sing along to your favorite songs as you shower!
Watch Your Back Mirror
Don"t get caught surfing the Internet or sending e-mails to your friends. Stick this mirror to your computer
screen and you"ll be able to see when the boss is coming! |
| 1. One of the inventions that Ivan Fletcher likes best is _____. |
A. the Fish Radio
B. the Butter Stick
C. the Watch Your Back Mirror
D. the Cat Seat Saver |
| 2. You put the Duster Slippers _____. |
A. on your pet"s feet
B. on your feet
C. on your pet"s head
D. on the floor |
| 3. The Cat Seat Saver _____. |
A. is a special mirror
B. is a chair for cats
C. looks like a real cat
C. collects dust from the floor |
| 4. Why is the Fish Radio useful? |
A. It is shaped like a fish.
B. It sings your favorite songs.
C. You can listen to it in the shower.
D. It is small enough to put in the bathroom. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not
necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better scholar if he or she wants to. Here"s how.
1. Plan your time carefully. When you plan your work, you should make a list of things that you have
to do. After making the list, you should make a schedule (日程表) of your time. First your time for eating,
sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a good, regular time for studying. Don"t forget to set aside enough time
for entertainment. A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will make you realize what is
happening to your time.
2. Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may
be a desk or simply a comer of your room, free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or
television! When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
3. Make good use of your time in class. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher
says. Really listening in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher
says.
4. Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes. Review the important points
that your teacher mentioned in class. If you know what your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read
that material. This will help you understand the next class. If you do these things regularly, the material will
become more meaningful, and you will remember it longer.
5. Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have leamed about a
subject. They help you remember your new knowledge.
The world won"t end if you don"t pass a test, so don"t be overly worried.
There are other methods that might help you with your studying. You will probably discover many others
after you have tried these. |
| 1. A schedule will help you _____. |
A. finish your work quickly
B. solve all your problems
C. find more time for your habits
D. know what is happening to your time |
| 2. If you listen carefully in class, you _____. |
A. can do less work after class
B. don" t have to take any notes
C. don" t have to do any work after class
D. can remember everything the teacher says |
| 3. Which of the following is true? |
A. Tests are the most important parts in your study.
B. You should review everything your teacher mentioned in class.
C. If you have a good place to study, you"ll become a top student.
D. Planning work will make you clear about what to do and when to do it. |
| 4. The best title for this passage is _____. |
A. How to Make a Plan
B. How to Improve Your Study
C. How to Pass a Test
D. How to Review Your Lessons |
| 阅读理解。 |
Once very surprising, now very important, women astronauts (宇航员) explain what"s so cool about
zero-g, and what 50 years exploration (探索) has taught the world.
Peggy Whitson
Age: 48
Astronaut since: 1996
Space time: Two six-month tours on the Intemational Space Station, in 2002 and 2007-2008.
"Mind is a lot more important than body. So is your ability to think in 3-D and imagine how to move things
in a different way than on earth. The second time I went to the station, it felt like coming home. I got
comfortable much more quickly. Everything is lifted while you"re up there, so you look younger. Being back
on earth is not pleas ant at first. Moving around is difficult, like playing basketball. But I had my physical
training for about a month after my retum."
Sunita Williams
Age: 43
Astronaut since: 1998
Space time: Six months on the space station in 2006-2007, including more than 29 hours of space walks.
"I learned after about a week how to fly beautifully without going too fast or shaking around. I had a hard
time remembering how to walk, I prefer flying! When you have that idea of being far away anti looking back
at the planet, you don"t see any cit- ies or countries. You see a very quiet place. Just as Gandhit-the Father of
the Na- tion in India, once explained the feeling of oneness in all of us. Seeing our planet from space, you
understand that."
Barbara Morgan
Age: 56
Astronaut since: 1985
Space time: One shuttle mission in 2007
"No matter how I was situated (处于…位置) the first day, it seemed that my body was upside down
(颠倒着). That might have been because all your blood comes to your head. And what memory do you have
in that situation? It"s like when you"re kids, hanging upside down." |
| 1. What kinds of writing is the passage? |
A. A news report.
B. A scientific article.
C. A textbook lesson.
D. A recorded interview. |
| 2. How many of the mentioned women astronauts talked about zero-g? |
A. None.
B. One.
C. Two.
D. Three. |
| 3. What is the most serious problem astronauts may come across after they retum to the earth? |
A. They are still living a space life as usual.
B. They are not used to the earth"s situation.
C. They are not as comfortable as in space.
D. They are still thinking of their space travel. |
| 4. What did Sunita Williams mainly leam by seeing the earth from space? |
A. Cities and countries are too small to be seen from space.
B. We have only one earth, so we must protect our home.
C. People in the world must come together as one family.
D. The space is so big that the earth looks like a small ball. |
| 阅读短文，根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的词填空。 |
| students, think, outside, people, taught, important, everything | | 阅读理解。 | A prairie is a type of grassland. Prairies are made up of a complete interdependent ecosystem. This means
that all kinds of plants and animals in a prairie region depend on one another for survival (生存). The members
of a prairie ecosystem include grasses, flowering plants, animals, soil (土壤), sand, and fire.
You may look at a prairie and think there"s nothing there but grass, but that" s not true. Most of the prairie"s
living things are below the ground. Underneath the prairie" s surface are roots and bulbs (根茎). The roots of
the prairie flowers and grasses run deep. Some of them are as deep as 3.5 metres below the ground.
It is impmtant for the roots to run deep because fires are a part of the prairie ecosystem. When a fire bums
through the prairie, plants with shallow (not deep) roots can not survive. Plants that have deep root systems
are able to survive the fires. When fire burns across a prairre, it bums dead plants from the top and returns
those nutrients (养料) to the soil. This adds to the richness of the prairie soil. Prairies have some of the
richest soil in the United States. This cycle of growth and buming has been going on for thousands of years.
Big bluestem is the plant that gives parts of the prairie the name "tallgrass prairie".
Big bluestem has very deep roots, and its stems (茎) are often 2 metres tall.
The American bison (野牛) or buffalo, is the country" s largest land animal. Its home is on the prairies. In
1830, there were an estimated 30 million to 60 million bison in the United States. By 1889, Americans had
made the bison population to fewer than l,000 animals. Through great efforts, bison are being reintroduced to
the prairies. They are also kept in zoos. The bison population has grown to several hundred thousand today.
Humans have put the prairie ecosystem in danger. Through constant farming, building, fire prevention,
and ignorance( not knowing) of how the prairie works, the United States has lost much of its natural prairie.
Through education and other work , we can hope to save some of it. | | 1. A prairie is a type of ________. | A. plants
B. animals
C. grassland
D. soil | | 2. What is the meaning of "interdependent ecosystem" in the first line? | A. All things in a prairie region depend on one another.
B. Animals live on plants in a prairie region.
C. Fire plays an important role in a prairie region.
D. Soil has a close relationship with a prairie region. | | 3. By 1889, the bison population was ________. | A. about 30 million
B. fewer than a thousand
C. about 60 million
D. several hundred thousand | | 4. We can leam from the article that ________. | A. fires may destroy a prairie and therefore must be prevented
B. the interdependent ecosystem is both below and above ground
C. the prairie ecosystem is in danger because of farming and building
D. people haven"t realized that they are losing their natural prairie | 最新试题
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