Scientists believe that conditions on Mars around 3.8 billion years ago were ver
题型：不详难度：来源：
Scientists believe that conditions on Mars around 3.8 billion years ago were very similar to those of the early earth, when primitive organisms were spreading through our oceans. At that time, Mars would have been much warmer and wetter than it is today, with an atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide, just like that of the earth at the time. Under these conditions, it is highly probable that life may have arisen on Mars as well.
But, even if life did not arise naturally on Mars, it does not mean that it could not have existed there. According to Professor Paul Davies of the University of Adelaide, Australia, life forms could have been transferred between the earth and Mars in wreckage (broke pieces) created by the impact of comet(彗星) and small planets on the surface of the two planets.
Even today, about 500 tons of material from Mars lands on earth every year. It is mainly in the form of the dust but occasionally a larger chunk(厚片，大块) strikes the earth. In 1911, a piece of Martian rock crashed in Egypt, killing a dog. According to Professor Davies, it is in these chunks of rock, which were much larger and more frequent in the past that life forms could have been transported from planet to planet.
“But how could these life forms have survived their journey through space?” says Paul Davies, “The difficulty in believing this theory is that a bacterium on its own in space has to struggle itself not only against cold but also against deadly cosmic (宇宙的) radiation. But wrapped in a rock the situation is different. A rock ten meters across would shield life inside it from a lot of radiation and the temperature might only be minus 10 or 20 degrees, the sort of thing we have on earth.”
小题1: Where do some scientists suppose life probably come from? (2’) (No more than 6 words)
小题2:What does Professor Paul Davies believe? (2’) (No more than 6 words)
小题3: Why could life survive when transferred from one planet to another? (3’) (No more than 12 words)
小题4: List at least two differences about Mars between the past and now. (3’) (No more than 16 words) |
答案
小题1: It probably arises on Mars(2’)
小题2: Life existed on Mars.(2’)
小题3: Because the rock wrapped it inside from cold and radiation/Because a rock would shield life inside it.(3’)
小题4: It was warmer and wetter, and the rocks landing on earth were larger and more frequent.(3’) |
解析
试题分析：本文说明了科学家认为火星上存在生命。
小题1:根据Scientists believe that conditions on Mars around 3.8 billion years ago were very similar to those of the early earth, when primitive organisms were spreading through our oceans.
小题2:根据According to Professor Paul Davies of the University of Adelaide, Australia, life forms could have been transferred between the earth and Mars in wreckage (broke pieces) created by the impact of comet(彗星) and small planets on the surface of the two planets.
小题3:根据According to Professor Paul Davies of the University of Adelaide, Australia, life forms could have been transferred between the earth and Mars in wreckage (broke pieces) created by the impact of comet(彗星) and small planets on the surface of the two planets.
小题4:根据But wrapped in a rock the situation is different. A rock ten meters across would shield life inside it from a lot of radiation and the temperature might only be minus 10 or 20 degrees, the sort of thing we have on earth.” |
举一反三
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
Hope is actually something we create. It’s not something that magically appears from an outside source. Now more than ever, overcoming fear and holding onto hope are necessary and important. Trying these steps below will ___________ _______.
Be Kind to Yourself
Think about what you need most, and then do it. Is it a cup of tea, quiet music, a little rest, or reading inspirational literature? Whatever it is, grant yourself permission to do it, even for just a few minutes.
Create a Daily 5-Minute Silence Moment
Light a candle and reflect. Just silently reflecting in front of a lighted candle is extremely rewarding. This may be the one time of day when you feel connected to your own soul, and perhaps even something larger.
Treat Each Day Like a Precious Gift
What if today was the last day of your life? How would you want to live it? Ask yourself this question throughout the day. It will help you let go of the countless annoyances that tend to make most people lose balance.
Take a Break
Every day, take a 30-second break to look at the sky, breathe deeply and offer thanks. Let the sky be a sign of hope. Think of other people around the world as you look at the sky, and know that we all share this planet together. Among all of us, we have the ability to create solutions to the problems that now exist.
Express Love
Surprise a friend with a hug. Leave your partner small notes expressing thanks for kind acts. Doing all of this adds warmth and positive energy to our lives and the lives of people around us. It’s also very comforting both to the giver and receiver of each loving act.
小题1:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 1 with proper words. (Please answer within 5 words.)
_________________________________________
小题2: Which advice mentioned in the passage do you like best? Why?(Please answer within 15 words.) ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
小题3: What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 5 words.)
___________________________________________________________________________
小题4: Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
It can help you get rid of much trouble which may lead most of us to a crash in motion.
____________________________________________________________________________
小题5:Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
____________________________________________________________________________ |
阅读下面短文，简要回答问题。
One of the greatest things about growing older is that you get to stay up late. It’s not just your parents who that decision. Your body lets you enjoy dark hours, too.
Resent study has shown that brain changes during teen years make it easier for kids to stay up late. “But it doesn’t mean that you should stay up late just because you can stay up late,” scientists say. Young people who don’t get enough sleep are often late for school, or they miss it completely. And their grades go down. “If you’re sleeping in school, you’re not learning,” says Mary Carskadon who is a sleep researcher.
Lack of sleep is a growing problem in the United States. Schools have been starting earlier in recent years. And with TV, computers, and video games attracting them, people of all ages are sleeping less than their parents or their grandparents did.
Sleep is important because it gives our bodies time to recover from the stress (压力) of living. Studies show that the adults (成人) who sleep less than 6 hours a night have mote heart problems and die sooner than the adults who sleep 7 to 8 hours a night.
How much sleep do you need? It depends mainly on your age. Babies often sleep for the most of the day. By the time they’re 10 years old, kids need an average of 10 hours a night. As they get older, kids have signs to sleep less. But given the chance in an experiment to sleep as long as they want to, young teenagers have 10 hours of sleep. There are even some indications that teenagers may need more sleep than younger kids.
小题1: Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “indications”.（在文章中找一个与indications意义相近的词） (2分)
_______________________________________.
小题2: What is the main cause of young teenagers’ staying up late? (回答字数不超过8个) (3分)
_________________________________________________________________.
小题3: Why is sleep so important? (回答字数不超过13个) (3分)
________________________________________________________________.
小题4: What can be the best way to ensure the sleeping time of the school children in the USA according to the passage? (回答字数不超过6个) (2分)
__________________________________________________________________. |
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上。
“No man is an island”is a well-known line from John Donne’s Devotion, written more than three hundred years ago．Even now people still agree with him．No one can live a completely isolated life．Without other people, life became empty and sad．We all need to have friends.
For some of us, though making friends is not difficult, feeling shy, we may not want to make the first move．It is also difficult at times to keep the friends we already have.
There are many books about friendship, but Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, is the most famous．This “how to” book about getting along with other people became a best seller．It was later put into 28 languages.
Dale Carnegie’s advice seems to be simple, but can his advice help you? Do you need to change the way you act? Here is the list of advice from his book:
（1）Be friendly and polite.
Always greet with a smile．Begin with “excuse me ” or “would you please” when ．Remember to say “thank you” and try to be as helpful as you can.
（2）Go out of your way to be nice.
Find some time to do special things for other people．Making some soup for a sick neighbour may seem like a little thing to you, but it will make your neighbour feel a lot better.
（3）Remember names.
They say that the sweetest music to a person’s ears is the sound of his or her own name.
（4）Be open-minded.
Try to understand other people’s ways and ideas and learn something from them.
（5）Listen patiently．When someone is talking to you, look at him or her, listen carefully and say something when necessary．
小题1:What is the best title of this passage？（Please answer within 5 words）
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题2:Please fill in the blank with proper words.（Please answer within 10 words）
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题3:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
They will feel very happy when they hear their names．
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题4:Why do some of us feel it not easy to make friends?（Please answer within 10 words）
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题5:Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.
_______________________________________________________________________________ |
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
America is a country on the move．In unheard-of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health．According to the latest figures，59 percent of American adults exercise regularly—up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago．Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active．
It is hard not to get the message．The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers，postage stamps，and television ads for everything from beauty soaps to travel books．Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises．Growing publicity for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the ancient sport of runningAlthough Americans have also discovered other forms of exercise（such as walking and swimming），running________________________________________．
As the popularity of exercise continues to increase．so does scientific evidence of its health benefits．The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle group vigorously enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time．Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months．
小题1:What is the best title for the passage?（Please answer within 10 words．）
小题2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
There are a lot of people of all ages who seek for better health through exercise．
小题3:Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．（Please answer within 10 words．）
小题4:What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph?（Please answer within 30 words．）
小题5:Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese． |
阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）
[1]One thing Britain is famous for is pubs, and no trip to the UK would be complete without a visit to one of the thousands of pubs across the country.
[2] Pubs play an important part in the social structure of the country. They are places where all ages and social classes mix to talk, do business, or just spend a couple of quiet hours before heading home in the evening.
[3] There are many different types of beer available in pubs. Traditional British beer is called bitter, or ale, and is usually served at room temperature. As a result, the British are famous for their ‘warm beer’ ! If you prefer a cold beer, ask for lager. This beer is a light yellow in color whereas bitter is usually a darker brown. All beers are served as pints (500ml) or haves (250ml). To order, you need to ask for a pint or half, and then name the beer. So, you could say “ ”.
[4]Wine, red or white, is normally available in all pubs, as are spirits such as whisky, gin or vodka.
[5]It is not, however, necessary to drink alcohol. Non-alcoholic drinks are called soft drinks. You can have juice, lemonade or cola, among others.
[6]If you visit a pub in a group, it is important to pay for your ‘round’. This means that you buy a drink for everyone in your group. Not buying your round is a big social mistake! Remember that you need to order and pay for your drinks at the bar.
[7]So, follow these tips if you want to get the most out of visiting a pub, and, “cheers!”
小题1:What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)
小题2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
If you don’t buy a drink for everyone in your group, you are socially wrong.
小题3:Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 1 words.)
小题4:If you are in a pub, what would you like to drink? Why? (Please answer within 20 words.)
小题5:Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese. |
最新试题
热门考点