In 1982, Steven Callahan was crossing the Atlantic alone in his sailboat when it
题型：不详难度：来源：
In 1982, Steven Callahan was crossing the Atlantic alone in his sailboat when it struck something and sank．He got into a life boat, but his supplies were 21 ．His chances of surviving were small． 22 when three fishermen found him 76 days later, he was alive —much 23 than he was when he started, but alive．
His 24 of how he survived is fascinating．His cleverness —how he 25 to catch fish, how he evaporated（蒸发） sea water to 26 fresh water—is very interesting．
But the thing that 27 my eye was how he managed to keep himself going when all hope seemed lost, and there seemed no 28 in continuing the struggle．He was starved and 29 worn-out．Giving up would have seemed the only possible choice．
When people 30 these kinds of circumstances, they do something with their minds that gives them the courage to keep going．Many people in 31 desperate circumstances 32 in or go mad．Something the survivors do with their thoughts helps them find the courage to carry on 33 difficulties．
"I tell myself I can 34 it," wrote Callahan in his book．-Compared to what others have been through, I"m fortunate．I tell myself these things over and over, 35 up courage．．．"
I wrote that down after 1 read it．It 36 me as something important．And I"ve told myself the same thing when my own goals seemed 37 off or when my problems seemed too terrible．And every time I"ve said it, I have always come back to my 38 ．
The truth is, our circumstances are only bad 39 to something better．But others have been through the much worse, that is, in comparison with what others have been through, you"re fortunate．Tell this to yourself over and over again, and it will help you 40 through the rough situations with a little more courage．
| 小题1: | | A．full | B．rich | C．few | D．enough |
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| 小题3: | | A．thinner | B．stronger | C．worse | D．healthier |
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| 小题4: | | A．attitude | B．assumption | C．instruction | D．account |
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| 小题5: | | A．assisted | B．tended | C．managed | D．intended |
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| 小题6: | | A．make | B．absorb | C．select | D．replace |
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| 小题7: | | A．attacked | B．caught | C．froze | D．cheated |
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| 小题8: | | A．operation | B．taste | C．message | D．point |
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| 小题9: | | A．firmly | B．completely | C．hardly | D．generally |
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| 小题10: | | A．deal | B．defend | C．survive | D．observe |
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| 小题11: | | A．similarly | B．differently | C．gradually | D．commonly |
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| 小题12: | | A．pull | B．take | C．break | D．give |
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| 小题13: | | A．for the lack of | B．in the face of | C．in exchange for | D．as a result of |
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| 小题14: | | A．handle | B．carry | C．follow | D．inspect |
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| 小题15: | | A．rolling | B．using | C．building | D．making |
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| 小题16: | | A．defeated | B．recommended | C．introduced | D．struck |
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| 小题18: | | A．feelings | B．senses | C．ideas | D．influences |
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| 小题19: | | A．related | B．measured | C．contributed | D．compared |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:D
小题5:C
小题6:A
小题7:B
小题8:D
小题9:B
小题10:C
小题11:A
小题12:D
小题13:B
小题14:A
小题15:C
小题16:D
小题17:A
小题18:B
小题19:D
小题20:C |
解析
试题分析：1982年史蒂文·卡拉汉独自驾驶着帆船横渡大西洋，途中帆船遇难下沉。他在救生艇里孤独地漂浮着，当时他身上的食物所剩无几，生存机会非常渺茫。但76天后，三个渔民发现了他，他还活着（他是世界上遭遇海难，在救生艇上存活最长时间的人）。他是如何支撑着活下来的？“我跟自己说我一定可以挺过去的，”卡拉汉在他的叙述中写到。“跟别人的遭遇相比，我已经算是幸运的。我由始至终都这样鼓励自己，在自己心中建立起永不放弃的信念。”读完这几句，我就把它们抄下了，并深深地为之震撼。当我觉得自己的目标似乎遥不可及又或者我遇到了似乎无法解决的问题的时候，我就用它们来勉励自己。而每每念及它们，我总能有所醒悟。
小题1:考查名词辨析。1982年史蒂文·卡拉汉独自驾驶着帆船横渡大西洋，途中帆船遇难下沉。他在救生艇里孤独地漂浮着，当时他身上的食物所剩无几。生存机会非常渺茫。四个选项的意思分别是：full 满满的；rich 富有的；few 没多少；enough足够的。结合语境最佳选C。
小题2:考查连接词辨析。但是76天后，三个渔民发现了他，他还活着（他是世界上遭遇海难，在救生艇上存活最长时间的人）。四个选项的意思分别是：And并列连词，和，而且；Yet 但是；Still 仍然，还；Thus这样，因此。结合上下文，虽然希望渺茫，但是他还是奇迹般地活下来了。故选B。
小题3:考查形容词的比较级辨析。他当时瘦骨嶙峋，与出航前相比简直判若两人，然而他还活着。四个选项的意思分别是：thinner 更瘦；stronger 更壮； worse 更糟糕；healthier更健康。结合语境最佳选A。
小题4:考查名词辨析。关于他大难不死的报道让人惊叹。四个选项的意思分别是：attitude 态度；assumption 设想；instruction 指示、说明；account（关于人物、事件等的）报道、叙述，理由，账户。在这里account的意思是：（关于人物、事件等的）报道。故选D。
小题5:考查动词辨析。其中他是如何巧妙地抓鱼，四个选项的意思分别是：assisted 帮助；tended to do注意、留心、有助于；intended to do打算。manage to do做成某事。下面也出现了这个词的用法。故选C。
小题6:考查动词辨析。如何蒸发海水来提取淡水的事情都非常有趣。四个选项的意思分别是：make使、制造；absorb 吸收；select 精选；replace取代。make在这里是用海里的盐水来做成可饮用的淡水。故选A。
小题7:考查动词辨析。但我最感兴趣的还是在他感到彻底绝望的时候，当灾难苦苦折磨着他的时候，他是如何支撑着活下来的？四个选项的意思分别是：attacked 攻击；caught 捉住；froze 冻住；cheated欺骗。catch one’s eyes 为固定短语，意思是：吸引… …的注意。故选B。
小题8:考查名词辨析。当一切抗争都似乎已毫无意义的时候，四个选项的意思分别是：operation操作、手术；taste 味道；message 消息；point意义。There’s no point in doing sth.是固定句式，意为：做…..毫无意义。故选D。
小题9:考查副词辨析。他饥肠辘轳，精疲力竭，放弃似乎是唯一可能的选择。结合四个选项的意思：firmly 紧紧地；completely 完全地；hardly 几乎不； generally一般地。最佳选B。
小题10:考查动词辨析。如果人们能够战胜这种情况，那么他们的脑海中一定有什么信念支撑着他们。 四个选项的意思分别是：deal 处理，应付；defend 保卫；survive经历某种遭遇而幸存下来；observe观察。结合语境，最佳选C。
小题11:考查副词辨析。许多人在遭遇类似的绝境时会选择放弃或精神失常。四个选项的意思分别是：similarly 相似地；differently 不同地；gradually 渐渐地；commonly常见地，普通地。结合语境，与主人公相似的情形最合适。故选A。
小题12:考查动词与in搭配在语境中的运用辨析。许多人在遭遇类似的绝境时会选择放弃或精神失常。四个选项的意思分别是：pull in拉进来；take in吸收、欺骗；break in闯入；give in放弃。故选D。
小题13:考查介词短语辨析。但幸存下来的人靠的是心中的信念，是信念给予了他们战胜一切恶劣情况的勇气。四个选项的意思分别是：for the lack of 缺乏；in the face of 面对； in exchange for 交换；as a result of结果。两者结合，最佳选B。
小题14:考查动词辨析。“我跟自己说我一定可以应付过去的，”卡拉汉在他的叙述中写到。四个选项的意思分别是：handle 应付；carry 携带； follow 跟随；inspect检查。故选A。
小题15:考查动词短语在语境中的运用辨析。“跟别人的遭遇相比，我已经算是幸运的。我由始至终都这样鼓励自己，在自己心中建立起永不放弃的信念。”四个选项的意思分别是：rolling up挽起衣袖；using up用完；building up树立、建立、强壮；making up编造、组成。build up courage符合语境。故选C。
小题16:考查动词辨析。读完这几句，我就把它们抄下了，并深深地为之震撼。结合四个选项的意思：defeated 打败；recommended推荐；introduced 介绍；be struck被打动、感动。故选D。
小题17:考查副词辨析。当我觉得自己的目标似乎遥不可及又或者我遇到了似乎无法解决的问题的时候，我就用它们来勉励自己。结合四个选项的意思：far远的； long 长的；ever曾经；even甚至。故选A。
小题18:考查名词与动词固定搭配的辨析。而每每念及它们，我总能有所醒悟。四个选项的意思分别是：feelings 感觉、知觉；senses感官、意义；ideas想法、主意；influences影响。动词短语come back to my senses意为：醒悟过来。故选B。
小题19:考查动词短语的用法辨析。事实上，不幸都是相对而言的。有些人比我们更不幸。和其他人的不幸相比，你已经算幸运了。四个选项的意思分别是：related to与……有关；measured 作动词测量时，是及物动词，不加to；contributed to有贡献于……；compared to与……比较。故选D。
小题20:考查动词辨析。要一遍一遍地用此话鼓励自己，这个信念将会使你更有勇气去度过难关。四个选项的意思分别是：see sb through sth 帮助某人度过困难；cut through剪短、抄近路穿过；get through固定短语：度过；think想、认为，后面不跟through。故选C。 |
举一反三
Bum rate is the speed at which a startup business consumes money. My rate would be $ 50,000 a month when my new media company started. So, I began looking around for individuals who would be my first investors. “Angel money” it was called. But when I reviewed my list of acquaintances to find those who might be able to help, I found the number got small.
With no other choices, I began meeting with the venture-capital companies. But I was warned they took a huge share of your company for the money they put in. And if you struggled, they could drop you cold.
As I was searching for “angel money”, I started to build a team who trusted me even though I didn"t have money for paychecks yet.
Bill Becker was an expert in computer programming and image processing at a very famous Media Lab at M. I.T. With his arrival, my company suddenly had a major technology “guy” in-house.
Katherine Henderson, a filmmaker and a former real-estate dealer, joined us as our director of market research. Steve White came on as operating officer. He had worked for the developer of a home-finance software, Quicken. We grabbed him.
We had some really good people, but we still didn"t have enough money. One night, my neighbor, Louise Johnson, came for a visit. She and I were only nodding acquaintances, but her boys and ours were constant companions. She ran a very good business at the time.
Louise was brilliant and missed nothing. She had been watching my progress closely. She knew I was dying for money and I had prospects but could offer no guarantees of success.
She told me that her attorney had talked to mine and the terms had been agreed upon. She handed me an envelope. Inside was a check for $ 500,000.
I almost fell down. I heard her voice as if from heaven.
“I have confidence in your plan,” she said. “You" 11 do well. You"re going to work hard for it, but it" s satisfying when you build your own company.”
Who would have thought I"d find an angel so close to home? There were no words sufficient for the moment. We just said good night. She left and I just stood there, completely humbled and completely committed.
小题1:For a newly-established business, bum rate refers to___________.| A．the salary it pays to its staff | B．the interest it pays to the bank | | C．the way in which it raises capital | D．the speed at which it spends money |
小题2:By "Angel money", the author refers to__________.| A．the money borrowed from banks | B．the money spent to promote sales | | C．the money raised from close friends | D．the money needed to start a business |
小题3:To get help from a venture-capital company, you may have to__________.
put up with unfair terms B. change your business line
C. enlarge your business scope D. let them operate your business
小题4:The author easily built a team for his company because__________.| A．they were underpaid at their previous jobs | | B．they were turned down by other companies | | C．they were confident of the author and his business | | D．they were satisfied with the salaries in his company |
小题5: Louise decided to lend money to the author because__________.| A．she wanted to join his company | | B．she knew he would build a team | | C．she knew his plan would succeed | | D．she wanted to help promote his sales |
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 1 and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 2 but a failure.” After five years of 3 jobs, I fell in love with a very nice middle-class girl. It was the beatific 4 that could have happened to me. I 5 I wanted to do something positive (积极地) with my life because I wanted to prove to 6 that what people said about me was 7 . Especially her mother, who had said to me, “Let’s 8 it, you’ve failed at everything you’ve ever done.” So I tried hard with my 9 and went to college. My first novel 10 while I was at college. After college I taught during the 11 in high schools and attended evening classes at London University, where I got a 12 in history. I became a lecturer at a college and was thinking of 13 that job to write full time 14 I was offered a part-time job at Leeds University. I began to feel proud of myself — 15 was a working-class boy who’d 16 school early, now teaching at the university. My writing career (职业) took off when I discovered my own style. Now I’m rich and 17 , have been on TV, and met lots of film stars. 18 what does it mean? I 19 wish all the people that have put me down had 20 : “I believe in you. You’ll succeed.”
| 小题1: | | A．bright | B．useless | C．simple | D．hopeful |
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| 小题2: | | A．anything | B．something | C．everything | D．nothing |
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| 小题3: | | A．low | B．poor | C．good | D．useful |
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| 小题4: | | A．support | B．happiness | C．surprise | D．thing |
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| 小题5: | | A．admitted | B．decided | C．planned | D．told |
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| 小题7: | | A．wrong | B．right | C．stupid | D．faulty |
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| 小题8: | | A．see | B．know | C．understand | D．face |
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| 小题9: | | A．experiment | B．practice | C．writing | D．composition |
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| 小题10: | | A．came on | B．came in | C．came out | D．came back |
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| 小题11: | | A．day | B．night | C．month | D．year |
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| 小题12: | | A．graduation | B．pass | C．degree | D．success |
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| 小题13: | | A．giving in | B．giving back | C．giving out | D．giving up |
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| 小题16: | | A．left | B．attended | C．changed | D．graduated |
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| 小题17: | | A．tired | B．calm | C．nervous | D．famous |
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| 小题18: | | A．And | B．But | C．However | D．Well |
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| 小题19: | | A．just | B．exactly | C．so | D．very |
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| 小题20: | | A．praised | B．said | C．answered | D．advised |
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Father of TV
Invention of television began in 1922 in Rigby, Idaho, the hometown of Philo Farnsworth. At the age of 16, Philo was a very shy boy. Only his science teacher, Justin Tolman, realized that Philo was a special person.
One day after school Mr. Tolman found Philo in the classroom. The boy was making drawings on the chalkboard.
“What are you doing?” Mr. Tolman asked with interest, “What are these drawings?”
“I want to invent things,” Philo answered, “and these are the drawings of one of my first inventions. I have an idea for a way of sending pictures through the air. Please, just let me tell you about it. You are the only person who can understand what I have done.” In the school library Philo had read about a man who had worked on an idea for television, but had failed. Philo was sure that his own idea was better and that he could succeed.
Mr. Tolman was not sure and asked Philo many questions about the drawings. Giving facts and figures, Philo answered every question.
In 1926, Philo sent his drawings to Washington, along with a letter asking for the patent rights on television. Since then, television has become an important business all over the world.
小题1:When he lived in his hometown, Philo was _______.| A．quite different from others | B．an active boy | | C．an inventor | D．a hard-working boy |
小题2:When Philo said “You are the only person who can understand what I have done.” In Paragraph 4, his mood was ________.| A．discouraged | B．trusting | C．guilty | D．hopeless |
小题3:It took Philo ____ to invent the television.| A．2 years | B．6 years | C．4 years | D．8 years |
小题4:When Mr. Tolman saw Philo’s drawing, he _______.| A．did not believe it was Philo’s invention | | B．believed Philo could succeed | | C．believed Philo was a special person | | D．did not believe Philo could succeed |
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阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。
Stephanie McRae was used to driving in bad weather. Although 16 still beat the windshield of her SUV（运动越野车）, the worst of the day"s storm seemed to have passed as she 17 her 11-year-old daughter, Maddie, home at 8:30 pm.
Maddie 18 in front, while two young kids sat strapped into their SUV 19 in back. Driving along the mad by a river, McRae, 39, 20 a terrifying sight: The road just ahead had been craved in and 21 . She stepped heavily on the brake. The SUV 22 into a flooded hole some 6 metres below, and was washed into the 23 , which the storm had turned into a 24 river 30 metres wide. Rocks and fallen tree 25 knocked into her SUV, making it upside down. The pressure blew out the window.
No one was hurt, 26 there was no way to escape either, The SUV was being 27 towards the middle of the river, about 400 metres away. McRae 28 helplessly and prayed aloud with Maddie: “Please, God, please, help us!” The SUV, submerged and 29 with water, came to a stop when it parked at an angle in a logjam（浮木阻塞）.
It was Maddie who took control. Pushing her way out of the 30 back window, the slight but athletic Maddie 31 onto the top of the SUV, which had righted itself, and yelled to her mother to hoist up the younger children. Soon the 32 were crowded on the top of the SUV’s roof. 33 to hold on as the water swept over them. McRae caught hold of the two-year-old kid to her chest while holding the three-year-old on her leg. Both children were so 34 that MeRac wondered if they were all right. With her mother’s permission, the 11-year-old girl-Meddie got over lots of problems to ask for help in a 35 village and fortunately they were saved.
| 小题2: | | A．walked | B．drove | C．ran | D．rushed |
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| 小题4: | | A．belts | B．backs | C．seats | D．toys |
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| 小题5: | | A．worried | B．thought | C．saw | D．feard |
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| 小题6: | | A．washed away | B．taken away | C．gone away | D．moved away |
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| 小题7: | | A．changed | B．fell | C．jumped | D．knocked |
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| 小题9: | | A．rising | B．leaving | C．singing | D．falling |
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| 小题10: | | A．leaves | B．branches | C．skins | D．flowers |
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| 小题12: | | A．carried | B．set | C．turned | D．swept |
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| 小题13: | | A．begged | B．screamed | C．asked | D．applied |
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| 小题14: | | A．filling | B．burdening | C．fightening | D．talking |
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| 小题15: | | A．hidden | B．closed | C．broken | D．covered |
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| 小题16: | | A．climbed | B．slept | C．rolled | D．tied |
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| 小题18: | | A．losing | B．trying | C．finding | D．getting |
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| 小题19: | | A．noisy | B．happy | C．excited | D．quiet |
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| 小题20: | | A．remote | B．close | C．crowded | D．unknown |
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At the hotel, she checked in, and then went to her room to change before dinner. She was just ready to go downstairs when she found that her Spanish money wasn’t in her handbag. She carefully looked in all her luggage, but she couldn’t find it. All she had was a small purse with ten English pound notes in it!
Ann found a place to change her English money. She had very few pesetas(西班牙货币单位), and she would be here for two weeks. On her way back to the hotel, Ann bought some cheese, some bread and some oranges. When she got back, she told the manager that her doctor had told her not to eat Spanish food; she’d just have breakfast each day, as she knew the price of hotels included breakfast.
For the rest of her holiday, Ann swam in the hotel swimming pool, or lay on the beach and got a sunbath. When the other tourists went to interesting places, she always said she wasn’t well. In fact, her holiday wasn’t bad, except that she was always hungry. After all, a piece of fruit for lunch, and bread and cheese for supper isn’t very much.
Late in the afternoon of their last day, a girl, Jane, asked her why she never ate with them in the hotel restaurant. Ann told her about her money problems. Jane looked at her for a minute, and then said, “But didn’t you know? The price of this holiday includes everything!”
小题1:“A package trip” probably means _________.| A．a free trip | | B．a long journey | | C．a pleasant trip | | D．a trip that includes the cost of all the tickets and services |
小题2:Ann didn’t eat dinners in the restaurant of the hotel because _________.| A．she was afraid that she couldn’t pay for them with her little money | | B．her doctor told her not to eat them | | C．she wasn’t well | | D．she wasn’t hungry |
小题3:Why did Ann buy some cheese, some bread and some oranges?| A．Because they were good for her health. | | B．Because she planned to eat them instead of lunch and supper. | | C．Because she liked them more than dinners in the hotel restaurant. | | D．Because she is afraid that she couldn’t eat enough in the hotel restaurant. |
小题4:How do you think Jane would feel after she heard Ann’s answer?| A．Angry. | B．Happy. | C．Surprised. | D．Excited |
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