Moscow,Russia(Space news)-"The computer is a better chess player,"insisted Vikto
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Moscow,Russia(Space news)-"The computer is a better chess player,"insisted Viktor Prozorov,the loser(失败者)." It seemed as if it were laughing after every good move.I know I should have beaten it for the sake of mankind(为人类着想），but I just couldn"t win," he announced and shook his head sadly.
Prozorov"s disappointment was shared by several grand masters who were present,some of whom were so upset that they shouted at the machine.Many chess players said that this meant the end of chess championships around the world,since the fun had been taken out of the game.
The computer walked－or rather,rolled-away with 5,000 dollars in prize money and limited its remarks to a set of noises and light.
小题1:Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article? | A．5,000 dollars goes to a computer! | B．New invention a laughing computer! | | C．World"s best chess player beaten! | D．Computer defeats man in chess! |
小题2:What was it that Prozorov felt most bitter(懊恼)about? | A．That he didn"t win the$5,000. | B．That he hadn"t tried his best. | | C．That he had lost to a machine. | D．That this was the end of the chess game. |
小题3:After winning the game,the computer_____. | A．laughed | B．walked away | C．made some remarks | D．gave out some lights and sounds |
小题4:Many chess players felt that playing with a computer would_____. | A．make the game tougher | B．make the game less interesting | | C．make man appear foolish | D．make man lose lots of |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:B |
解析
试题分析：文章讲述的电脑打败了棋艺大师引发的各方观点。
小题1:D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章讲述的是电脑下棋打败了棋艺大师，故D切合文章的中心思想。故D正确。
小题2:C 细节题。根据第一段3,4行.I know I should have beaten it for the sake of mankind(为人类着想），but I just couldn"t win," he announced and shook his head sadly. 可知他输掉了和电脑的比赛，让他感觉非常懊恼，故C正确。
小题3:D 细节题。根据文章最后一行limited its remarks to a set of noises and light.说明电脑赢了以后还发出光线和声音，故D正确。
小题4:B 推理题。根据第二段2,3行Many chess players said that this meant the end of chess championships around the world,since the fun had been taken out of the game中，乐趣已经被从游戏中拿走了说明和电脑下棋没有意思，故B正确。
点评：本文较为简单，要求考生更多关注的是文章的细节理解，关注每一段的中心思想和关键句。 |
举一反三
Extract（摘要）1
A computer is an "information processor".It is given information,called "data",instructed to do certain things and then show us the results.The data put into the computer is called the"input" and the results which come out are the "output".Some people say the circle of large standing stones at Stonechenge is a kind of computer.Prehistory people worked out their calendar（日历）from the position of the shadows made by the sun shining on the stones.
Extract 2
Teach yourself new subjects and skills at your own pace with a home computer.Use it to help with schoolwork,for self-improvement,even to improve your career skills.Learn touchtyping. Foreign languages or computer programming.A home computer can help children of all ages learn classroom subjects such as spelling,geography and others.In fact it makes learning fun.So if you want to teach yourself,or help your children teach themselves-get a home computer.It can also help you manage your personal finances or help you to work taxes and plan household budgets.You can make business a pleasure with a home computer.
小题1:The writer introduces the words such as "input" and "output" in order to_____. | A．introduce people to computer language | | B．show computer language is the same as English | | C．help people some scientific language | | D．give people some scientific language |
小题2:Why does the writer talk about Stonechenge in Extract 1? | A．To give an example of the very first computer. | | B．To show that computers are older than mankind. | | C．To tell the difference between the past and the present. | | D．To give another way of explaining computers. |
小题3:If you think of the circle of large standing stones as a computer,_____. | A．the shadow is the input and the position is the output | | B．the sunlight is the input and the calendar is the output | | C．the position is the input and the sunlight is the output | | D．the calendar is the input and the shadow is the output |
小题4:Extract 2 is probably taken from_____. | A．a computer textbook | B．a company"s advertisement | | C．a teach-yourself computer book | D．a children"s guide to computers |
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In the year 1986 there was a terrible explosion(爆炸). The explosion was at a nuclear power plant(核电站) in Ukraine. The radiation(辐射) caused a lot of damage. It polluted the soil and other things. People were living in the area when the explosion happened. More than twenty years later those people are still suffering. The influence of the explosion will go on for a long time.
Over two million people still live in that area. Only 56 people died from the explosion but many other problems have been caused because of it. Some types of cancer are more than 200 times above the world average(平均水平). Many children have cancer now and children born with problems have doubled since the accident.
Some people in the United States are worried about the children living in the explosion area. One group has been trying to raise money. They are called the Chenobyl Children’s Project. They want to bring children from Ukraine to the U.S. each summer.
A spokesperson for the group says that radiation is the highest in the summertime so it is a good time to get the children out of the country. They want to help the children get away for a little while. The Project wants them to be safe from radiation.
It costs $1,500 to bring each child to the United States for six weeks. The group raised enough money to bring 28 children to the United States last year. The children were able to do lots of fun things. They enjoyed clean air, healthy food, and plenty of outdoor fun. One little nine-year-old girl who got to come to the United States said that she likes America.
The spokesperson says that the children that come to America during the summer miss less school when they return home because they have a long summer vacation.
小题1:What can we learn about the explosion that happened in 1986?| A．Children suffering from cancer have doubled since the accident. | | B．More than 200 people died in the accident. | | C．The influence of the explosion will last for more than 20 years. | | D．Millions of people still live in the area where the explosion happened. |
小题2:Why does the group bring children to the U.S. in summer?| A．Because the radiation is the highest in summer. | | B．Because children have a long summer vacation. | | C．Because the U.S. is the most beautiful in summer. | | D．Because traveling in the U.S. in summer costs the least. |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE about the Project?| A．It brings 28 children to the U.S. every summer. | | B．It lets children stay in the U.S. for six weeks. | | C．It teaches children useful outdoor skills. | | D．It mainly raises money in Ukraine. |
小题4:What does the underlined word in Paragraph1 mean?
A. effort B affect C. offer D. effect |
Somali pirates(海盗) robbed three Thai fishing ships with 77 sailors on board nearly l, 200 Miles off the Somali coast, the farthest-off-shore attack to date, an officer said Tuesday.
Pirates have gone farther south and east in answer to increased patrols(巡逻)by warships off the Somali shore. The robbing of the three ships Sunday was about 600 miles outside the normal operation area for the international force, said a spokesman.
The spokesman said the attack so far out at sea was a clear sign that the international patrols against pirates were having a “marked effect on pirate activity in the area”.
“Once they start attacking that far out, you’re not even really talking about the Somali basin or areas of water that have any connection with Somalia,” said an officer, Roger Middleton. “Once you’re that far out, it"s just the Indian Ocean, and it means you’re looking at trade going from the Gulf to Asia, from Asia to South Africa. ”
“This is the farthest robbing to date. They are now operating near the Maldives and India,” said another officer.
The three ships--the MV Prantalay 11, 12, and l 4—had 77 members on board in total. All of them are Thai, the spokesman said. Before the Sunday robbing, pirates held l l ships and 228 sailors.
Pirates have increased attacks over the past year in hopes. of catching more dollar payments. Because of increased patrols and defenses on board ships, the success rate(率)has gone down, though the number of successful attacks has stayed the same year over year.
小题1:The pirate attack reported in the text happened __________.| A．far out in the Indian Ocean | | B．in the normal patrol area | | C．near the Somali, coast | | D．in the south of Africa |
小题2:According to the text, which can best describe the situation of the pirate problems?| A．More goods on board are lost. | | B．Pirate attacks happen in a larger area now. | | C．The number of attacks has stayed the same these years. | | D．Pirate attacks are as serious as before along the Somali coast. |
小题3:Which is true about the warship patrols according to the text?| A．The patrols are of little effect. | | B．The patrols are more difficult. | | C．More patrols are quite necessary even in Asia. | | D．The patrols only drive the pirates to other areas. |
小题4:How many sailors were held by the pirates up to the time of the report? |
Norm Pethrick, a 36-year-old man in Australia’s northern city Darwin, was praised on Thursday for jumping onto a crocodile’s back to save his wife Wendy at Litchfield National Park, a popular tourist spot southwest of Darwin, a local newspaper reported.
Ms Pethrick was standing on a river bank Wednesday afternoon when the saltwater crocodile lunged (扑), locking its jaws on both her legs as it tried to drag her underwater.
Norm Pethrick, who with his wife had been collecting water, immediately went to help her. He jumped onto the back, poked (戳) the eyes of the crocodile and finally got his wife free.
Ms Pethrick was later taken to Royal Darwin Hospital for a medical treatment. The doctors said she was suffering eight puncture wounds (伤口) in her right leg, a puncture wound in her left leg and a serious cut to one of her fingers.
“This could have been a fatal and tragic situation,” said the general manager of Royal Darwin Hospital (RDH), Dr Len Notaras, according to a local report.
He said Ms Pethrick was saved by her husband’s “quick and diligent actions”.
Dr Notaras also said she would remain in hospital for three to four days and have an operation to clean the wounds, which are easy to get infected because of bacteria (细菌) on the teeth of the crocodile.
小题1:This passage is most likely to be found in _____.| A．a travel guide | B．a newspaper | C．a textbook | D．a novel |
小题2:The crocodile attacked Ms Pethrick when she was ______.| A．standing on the river bank | | B．swimming in the river | | C．watching the crocodile | | D．fishing in the water |
小题3:Which of the following statements is TRUE about Ms Pethrick?| A．Her eyes were badly poked. | | B．She had eight wounds altogether. | | C．One of her fingers also got hurt. | | D．One of the crocodile’s teeth was found in her leg. |
小题4: According to the passage, Norm Pethrick can be described as following EXCEPT _______.| A．brave | B．diligent | C．quick | D．humorous |
小题5: Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?| A．A man saves wife’s life from crocodile’s jaws | | B．The husband should save the wife | | C．A crocodile is not so dangerous as people imagine | | D．Human beings can beat crocodiles sometimes |
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The deadly earthquake and tsunami (海啸) that struck Japan on March 11 damaged two nuclear power stations. Officials are now working to prevent dangerous radiation from poisoning the air in the area surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi plant. The Japanese government has ordered people living within 12 and a half miles of the plant to evacuate, and asked those living 12 and a half to 20 miles away to stay indoors.
Nuclear power plants create energy using a chemical reaction that produces large amounts of heat. Reactors(反应堆)in Japan have many long, thin rods, called fuel rods(棒), which must be kept cool.
If the reactor’s fuel rods aren’t cooled, the reaction can burn out of control. That’s what happened at the two Japanese plants after the quake caused a power failure and the cooling systems malfunctioned(发生故障). This overheating could cause radiation to escape and sicken many people.
Japan’s 54 nuclear reactors are built to withstand the many small or moderate earthquakes the country faces each year. But Friday’s earthquake was one of the most severe earthquakes ever recorded.
People exposed to unsafe levels of radiation have a higher than normal risk of getting cancer. The Japanese government has been distributing potassium iodide(碘化钾)pills to people in the surrounding areas to protect those who may have come in contact with radiation from the power plant. The pills flood the body with healthy potassium iodide. The potassium iodide works to crowd out “bad” iodine in the body that may have been poisoned by radiation.
On Tuesday morning, 750 workers left the Fukushima Daiichi plant. However, 50 workers stayed behind to use sweater to cool the fuel rods. These dedicated employees are risking their own lives to save many others.
On Thursday, officials used helicopters, fire trucks, and water cannons to spray water on the reactors to cool the fuel rods. But it’s not clear whether these efforts were successful. Officials are now working on a power line to restore electricity to the plant. They hope this will help restart the plant’s cooling system and stop the fuel rods from leaking radiation.
小题1:The underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 1 probably means .| A．help | B．rest | C．stop | D．leave |
小题2:What can we learn from the text?| A．The local people are scared and ready to run away. | | B．The earthquake led to many deaths and caused damage to roads. | | C．The Japanese government has found a kind of pill that can treat cancer. | | D．The two stations were damaged because their cooling systems didn’t work. |
小题3:In the last paragraph, the author mainly states .| A．lack of help | | B．international aids | | C．the government’s efforts | | D．the result of the disaster |
小题4:This text is most probably taken from .| A．a research paper | | B．a newspaper report | | C．a class presentation | | D．a chemistry textbook |
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