GUATEMALA CITY (Reuters) – A fish that lives in mangrove swamps(红树沼泽)across the

GUATEMALA CITY (Reuters) – A fish that lives in mangrove swamps(红树沼泽)across the

题型:不详难度:来源:
GUATEMALA CITY (Reuters) – A fish that lives in mangrove swamps(红树沼泽)across the Americas can live out of water for months at a time, similar to how animals adapted(适应)to land millions of years ago, a new study shows.
The Magrove Rivulus, a type of small killifish, lives in small pools of water in a certain type of empty nut or even old beer cans in the mangrove swamps of Belize, the United States and Brazil. When their living place dries up, they live on the land in logs(圆木),said Scott Taylor, a researcher at the Brevard Endangered Lands Program in Florida.  
The fish, whose scientific name is Rivulus marmoratus, can grow as large as three inches. They group together in logs and breathe air through their skin until they can find water again. 
The new scientific discovery came after a trip to Belize.  “We kicked over a log and the fish just came crowding out,” Taylor told Reuters in neighboring Guatgemala by telephone. He said he will make his study on the fish known to the public in an American magazine early next year. 
In lab tests, Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating. 
Some other fish can live out of water for a short period of time. The walking catfish found in Southeast Asia can stay on land for hours at time, while lungfish found in Australia, Africa and South America can live out of water, but only in an inactive state. But no other known fish can be out of water as long as the Mangrove Rivulus and remain active, according to Patricia Wright, a biologist at Canada’s University of Guelph. 
Further studies of the fish may tell how animals changed over time. 
“These animals live in conditions similar to those that existed millions of years ago, when animals began making the transition(过渡)from water onto land,” Wright said.  
小题1:The Mangrove Rivulus is a type of fish that _______. 
A.likes eating nuts
B.prefers living in dry places
C.is the longest living fish on earth
D.can stay alive for two months out of water
小题2:Who will write up a report on Mangrove Rivulus?
A.Patricia WrightB.Researchers in Guatemala
C.Scientists from BelizeD.Scott Taylor
小题3:According to the text, lungfish can________
A.breathe through its skin
B.move freely on dry land
C.remain alive out of water
D.be as active on land as in water
小题4:What can we say about the discovery of Mangrove Rivulus?
A.It was made quite by accident
B.It was based on a lab test of sea life
C.It was supported by an American magazine
D.It was helped by Patricia Wright

答案

小题1:D
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:A
解析

小题1:D 细节理解题。根据文章开头第一段“A fish that lives in mangrove swamps(红树沼泽)across the Americas can live out of water for months at a time, similar to how animals adapted(适应)to land millions of years ago, a new study shows.”以及第五段“In lab tests, Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating.”可知A,B,C错误,故答案选D。
小题2:D细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ “We kicked over a log and the fish just came crowding out,” Taylor told Reuters in neighboring Guatgemala by telephone. He said he will make his study on the fish known to the public in an American magazine early next year. ”可知答案选D。
小题3:C细节理解题。根据文章第六段“while lungfish found in Australia, Africa and South America can live out of water, but only in an inactive state.”可知答案选C。
小题4:A细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The new scientific discovery came after a trip to Belize.  “We kicked over a log and the fish just came crowding out,” Taylor told Reuters in neighboring Guatgemala by telephone. He said he will make his study on the fish known to the public in an American magazine early next year. ”
举一反三
BEIJING --Seven prestigious universities in China announced Sunday that they would begin using the same independent exam -- besides the national one -- to test students hoping to gain entrance to them in 2011.
The seven are Peking University, Beihang University, Beijing Normal University, Nankai University, Fudan University, Xiamen University and Hong Kong University.
Students who want to gain entrance to any of the seven universities will only have to sit one independent exam, according to the joint announcement.
"This will help lighten the students" load, otherwise they must take several exams for different universities," said the announcement.
Passing the exam could result in more than one interview chance, giving the students more opportunities to choose their favorite universities.
China"s college entrance exam system is undergoing reform as universities aim to select students based on independent criteria rather than just using the results of the national exam.
In 2003, Peking University and another 21 universities were allowed to pilot (试用) the reform by using their own criteria to independently select five percent of their students.
Now nearly 80 universities across the country have the right to select talented students based on their own exams.
Education experts regard universities selecting students according to independent examinations as conducive (有助的) to better understanding where the students" talents lie.
Although this may be the case, it has also created problems as students may sit many different exams as they often apply for a number of universities.
To relieve students from such pressures, the national education outline (2010--2020) released in July this year encourages high-level universities to group together to use the same exams.
小题1:If students want to be admitted to the seven prestigious universities , they can ______。
A.only pass the interview.
B.only take the national exam.
C.only take the independent exam.
D.either take the national exam or the take the independent exam.
小题2:What"s the purpose of students sitting one independent exam to gain entrance to the seven universities ?
A.It can reduce students" load to take several exams.
B.The universities will have the same standard to test students.
C.There will be less trouble marking students" test papers.
D.It can avoid fierce competition among these universities.
小题3:If students pass the independent exam , they will ______.
A.take the national exam.
B.have one or more interview chances.
C.be admitted to one of the universities.
D.he trained to be adapted to universities life and studies.
小题4: What is the advantage of universities selecting students according to independent examinations?
A.Students needn"t take the national exam.
B.Students" education cost can be lowered.
C.Students abilities and talents can be better found.
D.It can encourage middle schools to recommend more qualified students.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Who says Americans worship the almighty (全能的) dollar? It"s not true. Having enough free time is more important to most Americans than being rich, according to a new survey.
Only 13 percent of more than 2,400 people questioned in the telephone survey ranked being wealthy as most important to them, while 67 percent ranked free time as their top priority (优先考虑的事), higher than having a successful career, getting married, and having children. "Everyone wants free time to do the things they want to do, young, middle-aged or old," said Richard Morin, of the Pew Social ~ Demographic Trends Project, which conducted the survey. "So our desire to play unites us."
The survey also showed that people who were educated in university valued career success over wealth, so did middle-aged people. Not surprisingly, those who didn"t have money, ranked wealth very highly. This included minorities, first generation Americans and less educated people. The survey also revealed that a disproportionate (不成比例的) number of people under the age of 30 and retired people in the group made $ 20,000 or less a year. But the emphasis on wealth lessens with age, with younger people putting value on it but hardly any seniors. "It just diminishes (减弱) with time as the reality sets in that you would never be rich," Morin said. "But also, as for old people the reality sets in that you don"t have to be rich to lead a very comfortable and fulfilling life. "
While wealth was not at the top of people"s list of priorities, 43 percent still said it was somewhat important.
小题1:The survey showed that the majority of American people ranked ______ as the most important.
A.wealthB.a successful careerC.marriageD.free time
小题2:Who cares least for wealth, according to the passage?
A.Young people B.First generation Americans
C.Old peopleD.Less-educated people
小题3: According to the survey, what did middle-aged people regard as more important?
A.success in career B.education levelC.wealthD.comfort
小题4: What is the belief of old people according to the third paragraph?
A.Wealth is as important to the old as health.
B.One needs to put money away for his retired life.
C.One doesn"t have to be rich to live a satisfying life.
D.One would never get rich until he retires.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Santa Fe, the capital of New Mexico, U.S.A.,is in the central part of the state, on the Santa Fe River, which flows into the Rio Grande 35 kilometres west of the city. More than two thousand metres above sea level, it lies in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains with the Ortiz Mountains to the southeast.
Santa Fe was founded in 1609 by the Spanish (西班牙人)on an old Indian village.In 1680 the Indians seized the place but only held it for twelve years before the Spanish retook it. The city remained under Spanish rule until Mexico won its independence (独立) in 1821. From then on it was a Mexican city until 1846 when it was taken over by American troops.
With a population of 48,953, Santa Fe is now the second largest city in the state. Because of its sunny weather, rich history and surrounding mountains, it is a good place for holiday makers. Besides hunting and skating in the mountains people enjoy shopping in the Indian and Spanish shops, which brings a large income to the city every year. In summer there is an international opera (歌剧) season when operas are shown in a partly-roofed ,open-air theatre daily for people from all over the world.
小题1:At present Santa Fe belongs to           .
A.IndiaB.MexicoC.Spain(西班牙)D.the United States
小题2:Which of the drawings below gives an idea of what Santa Fe is like?
RG="the" Rio Grande  SFR="the" Santa Fe River  OM="the" Ortiz Mountains

小题3:Santa Fe was under the rule of the Mexicans in        .
A.1675B.1695C.1816D.1833
小题4:The people who held Santa Fe for the longest period in history were the           .
A.SpanishB.IndiansC.MexicansD.Americans
小题5:What is of special interest to people who visit Santa Fe in summer?
A.Hunting.B.Fishing.C.Watching operas.D.Doing shopping.
小题6:Santa Fe is best described (描述) as a             .
A.trade centreB.holiday centreC.home for all nationsD.seaport city
小题7:One of the reasons for visitors to come to Santa Fe is that it            .
A.has fine weatherB.is the state capital
C.has historical monumentsD.is on the Santa Fe River

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
It doesn’t matter when or how much a person sleeps, but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. That’s what all doctors thought, until they heard about  Herpin.  Herpin, it was said, never slept, Could this be true? The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.
Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in New Jersey. They thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind. So they stayed with him and watched every movement he made. But they were surprised . Though they watched him hour after hour and day after day, they never saw Herpin sleeping , In fact, he did not even own a bed. He never needed one.
The only rest that Herpin sometimes got was sitting in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness. They found only one answer that might explain his condition. Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born. But that was all. Was this the real reason? No one could be sure.
Herpin died at the age of 94.
小题1:The main idea of this passage is that _______.
   
A.a person was found who actually didn’t need any sleep
B.large numbers of people do not need sleep
C.everyone needs some sleep to stay alive
D.people can live longer by trying not to sleep
小题2:The doctors came to visit Herpin , expecting to ______.
A.cure him of his sleeplessness
B.find that his sleeplessness was not really true
C.find a way to free people from the need of sleeping
D.find out why some old people didn’t need any sleep
小题3: After watching him closely, the doctors came to believe that Herpin ________.
A.was too old to need any sleepB.often slept in a chair
C.needed no sleep at allD.needed some kind of sleep
小题4:One reason that might explain Herpin’s sleeplessness was ________.
A.that he hadn’t got a bed
B.that he had gradually got rid of the sleeping habit
C.his mother’s injury before he was born
D.his magnificent physical condition

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
On the morning of November 18, 1755, an earthquake shock Boston. John Winthrop, a professor at Harvard College, felt the quake and awoke. “I rose”, Winthrop wrote, “and lighted a candle, looked at my watch, and found it to be 15minutes after four.” John Winthrop hurried downstairs to the grandfather clock.It had stopped three minutes before, at 4:12.Except for stopping the clock, the quake had only thrown a key from the mantel(壁炉台)to the floor.
The clock had stopped because Winthrop had put some long glass tubes he was using for an experiment into the case for safekeeping. The quake had knocked the tubes over and blocked the pendulum(钟摆).Winthrop, therefore, had the key on the floor. The quake had thrown it forward in the direction of the quake’s motion by a shock coming from the northwest, perhaps in Canada.
小题1:What does “it” in the second paragraph refer to?
A.the floorB.the keyC.the clockD.the case
小题2:The text suggests that     
A.earthquakes are common in Boston
B.John Winthrop was a scientist
C.John Winthrop often had difficulty in sleeping
D.Harvard College was a center for earthquake researching
小题3:Which of the following is true?          .
A.Some tubes were broken into pieces and stopped the old clock
B.The professor lit a candle because of power failure
C.Boston is in the southeast of Canada
D.The shocks were slight in one way
小题4:John Winthrop put some tubes into this clock case because        
A.he wanted to do an experiment
B.he thought an earthquake was probably to happen soon
C.he thought it safe for them to be put there
D.he wanted to record the exam time of the earthquake.

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