阅读理解。 CHICAGO (Reuters) - Smoking not only can wrinkle (起皱纹) the face and ta
题型：专项题难度：来源：
do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday.
The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the
body-even skin protected from the sun.
"We examined non - facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number
of packs of cigarettes smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the
amount of skin damage a person experienced," Dr.Yolanda Helfrich of the University of Michigan, who
led the study, said in a statement.
"In participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers.
Similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years," Helfrich "s team added in their report.
The researchers tested 82 people, smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner right arms.
They ranged, in age from 22 to 91 and half were smokers.Independent judges decided how wrinkled
each person" s skin was.
When skin is exposed to sunlight, notably the face, it becomes coarse, wrinkled and discolored with
a pale yellow tint, Helfrich " s team wrote.
Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking contributes to premature(过早的)skin
aging as measured by facial wrinkles, the study said, but little has been done to measure the aging of
skin not exposed to light.
The report did not discuss die mechanism involved but previous research has found that cigarette
smoke, among other things, causes blood vessels (血管) beneath the skin to constrict (紧缩), reducing
blood supply to the skin.
Smoking can also damage the connective tissue that supports both die skin and the internal organs,.
B. coarse
C. rough
D. discolored
B. the kind and characteristics of skin
C. how long a person smokes
D. how long skin is under sunlight
B. it can make you feel tired
C. it can make skin come off
D. it can make blood run faster
B. advise people how to protect skin
C. warn people not to smoke again
D. introduce a new way of avoid skin aging
答案
举一反三
first book, Eragon, when he was just fifteen!Eragon is selling more copies than most of the Harry Potter
books. A reporter from Who"s News talked to this young author about his books and how he ended up
being one of the best-selling authors of all time!
Reporter : ________
Christopher Paolini (CP): I love fantasy. I love the sense of awe (敬畏) and wonder that you always
get at the end of a great book . Eragon was an attempt to express that. When I was about twelve, I read
a book called Jeremy Thatcher, Dragon Hatcher. It"s about a young boy who went into a mysterious
shop and bought a dragon egg that ends up hatching. It stuck in my head. Eragon was an attempt to see
what I could do with the idea myself.
Reporter : Where else do you get your idea?
CP: I"m definitely influenced by authors who have a fairly inventive use of language, imaginative worlds and a sense of wonder-authors who write about things that other people don"t.
Reporter : What was the hardest thing about writing Eragon?
CP: Probably the editing (编辑) because I wasn"t used to it. It was a kind of shock doing it. But also
I had to learn a huge amount about grammar and commas and other things I"d never paid much attention
to before. I"d say that editing and writing are pretty much equal in difficulty. My raw writing is a lot more
professional now than it ever was before because of everything I learned through the editing process.
Reporter : How do you avoid becoming frustrated with the writing process?
CP: Write about what you enjoy the most or what touches you the most; otherwise you"ll never be
able to survive a book-length project.
Reporter : Anything else you"d like to share with our readers?
CP: Before I wrote Eragon, I spent an entire month plotting out the entire story so I wasn"t writing
blindly. That helps. I really poured my heart and soul into it. It"s not just an adventure story: it is about
Eragon trying to work out who we are, why we are here and how we can live honorably.
B. How long did it take you to write Eragon?
C. How has your writing improved after Eragon?
D. What inspired you to write Eragon?
B. The sense of awe and wonder.
C. An idea.
D. A great book or movie.
B. Grammar and commas.
C. The editing process.
D. The creative use of language.
B. "Eragon was an attempt to see what I could do with the idea myself."
C. "I spent an entire month plotting out the entire story."
D. "I really poured my heart and soul into it."
infected with the deadly foot-and-mouth disease,Nov. 2 2010,Thursday. People fear that livestock
farms in other parts of the country could be hit by the virus soon.
On Monday,the disease was first detected on two pig farms in Andong,about half a year after
the last disease broke out in Korea. A cattle farm in the area also fell victim to the animal disease
the following day.
The Ministry for Food,Agriculture,Forestry and Fisheries made sure that three more cases of
foot-and-mouth disease appeared on Thursday and decided to kill all the animals at the farms and
others at nearby places to stop the spread of the virus to other regions. Over 800 cows and pigs
within a 500 meter range of the infected farms were killed and buried underground.
"Three suspected cases were reported Wednesday,near the pig farms where the first outbreak
was reported. The laboratory tests today showed that all three cattle farms were infected with the
disease," a ministry official said. Two newly infected cattle farms were less than 4 kilometers away
from the two pig farms,while the third one was only 2. 5 kilometers away.
The ministry also said another cattle farm in Andong reported suspected cases of foot-and-mouth
disease on its livestock Thursday,indicating the disease will likely continue to spread across the city
and possibly beyond.
The government has culled more than 33,000 animals near the affected farms Monday alone under
its disease prevention program. Additionally,all 84 livestock markets across the nation were closed
Wednesday for a period to prevent spread of the disease.
No suspected cases have been reported outside of Andong,but the government Thursday decided
to destroy an additional 22,000 pigs at two farms in Boryeong,South Chungcheong Province.
B. was controlled as soon as possible
C. happened in June,2010
D. destroyed almost all cattle in cattle farms
B. The government had more animals killed.
C. The government tried to cure the sick animals.
D. The government hated to kill animals.
B. killed
C. bought
D. sold
B. 22,000 pigs will be moved to other farms
C. Boryeong is also an infected area
D. 22,000 pigs will go down to their death
B. History and Culture
C. Entertainment
D. Science
WORSE BUSH FIRE OF CENTURY PUTS SOUTHERN AUSTRALIAN TOWNS IN DANGER
No one knows yet the number of lives which have been lost in this terrible fire. But reports say that
more than a hundred people have died.
Towns less than one hundred miles from Melbourne will be in danger unless the wind changes. The
edge of the smoke cloud has already reached Melbourne. People are rushing into the streets. The police
have warned them not to drive out of the city to see the fire, but many people are doing so.
The cause of the fire is unknown. But nobody is surprised. No rain has fallen in this part for three
months. It is 38℃ at noon, and the hot northwest wind from the great central desert is blowing at more
than thirty miles an hour.
B. a place near Melbourne
C. towns in Melbourne
D. town in America
B. no one knows whether some people have died in the fire or not
C. everyone knows the cause of the fire
D. most of the towns in the country are in danger
W=WindT=TownsM=Melbourn
to a new literacy (读写能力) project that inspires boys to read and rewards them with free haircuts.
George Cook ?, a sixth grader at Middle Township Middle School in Cape May Court House, is
just one of the 2010 Youth Leaders for Literacy Grant winners for his creative communitybased
project that offers reading inspiration.
America"s youngsters created some big ideas to get kids reading. This year, Youth Leaders for
Literacy is awarding 30 cash grants of $ 500 each to winners, totaling $ 15,000.
The National Education Association (NEA) joined forces with Youth Service America (YSA) to
develop Youth Leaders for Literacy to encourage community service through innovative (创新的)
youthdesigned programs that benefit others in their communities. The national competition received
more than 200 entries (参赛作品)-an amount that continues to grow each year with the program"s
popularity.
"Educators and parents face a daily challenge of how to develop children"s interest in reading,"
said NEA President Reg Weaver. "When youngsters are encouraged to brainstorm and design l
iteracy programs for their generation, it"s another solution for the reading blues that really works."
Developed in 2001, the youthled activities are started on NEA"s Read Across America Day,
celebrated this year on Monday, March 3, and end during YSA"s Global Youth Service Day, scheduled
for April 25-27, 2010. Attached is a list of the 30 grant winners being honored from across the country.
"The Youth Leaders for Literacy Grant winners demonstrate global caring and decisions, showing
the world that young people can be leaders today, not in some distant tomorrow," said Steve Culbertson, president and CEO of YSA. "By combining the dynamics of leadership, service and learning, the Youth
Leaders for Literacy recipients build one of the most important skills-the ability to read."
B. Because he looked good when turning pages.
C. Because he offered the youngsters free haircuts.
D. Because he helped Youth Leaders for Literacy before.
B. It is not easy to develop children"s interest in reading.
C. Youth Leaders for Literacy will choose over 30 winners this year.
D. 200 people enter Youth Leaders for Literacy competition each year.
B. people"s feeling on reading
C. youngsters" unwillingness to read
D. the colour of the readers" face
B. The Ability to Read Is Very Important
C. How to Design New Reading Program for Youngsters
D. Youth Leaders for Literacy Pays Off
and email, they double as credit cards, and even bodyfat calculators (计算器). However,
despite years of competition in overseas markets, Japan"s cellphone makers have little
presence beyond the country"s shores. "Japan is years ahead in any innovation. But it hasn"t
been able to get business out of it," said Gerhard Fasol, president of the Tokyobased IT
consulting firm, Eurotechnology Japan.
This year, Mr Natsuno, who developed a popular wireless Internet service called iMode,
invited some of the best minds in the field to debate how Japanese cellphones can go global.
Yet Japan"s lack of global influence is all the more surprising because its cellphones set the
pace in almost every industry innovation: email capabilities in 1999, camera phones in 2000,
thirdgeneration networks in 2001, full music downloads in 2002, electronic payments in 2004
and digital TV in 2005. "The most amazing thing about Japan is that even the average person
out there will have a superadvanced phone," said Mr Natsuno. "So we"re asking, can"t Japan
build on that advantage?"
Japan has 100 million users of advanced thirdgeneration smart phones, twice the number
used in the United States, a much larger market. Many Japanese rely on their phones, not a
PC, for Internet access.
Indeed, Japanese makers thought they had positioned themselves to dominate the age of
digital data. But Japanese cellphone makers were a little too clever. In the 1990s, they set a
standard for the secondgeneration network that was refused everywhere else. Then Japan
quickly adopted a thirdgeneration standard in 2001. However, it made Japanese phones too
advanced for most markets.
At a recent meeting of Mr Natsuno"s group, the discussion turned to the cellphones
themselves. Despite their advanced hardware, they often have ugly interfaces (界面), some
participants said.
"Because each cellphone model is designed with a customized user interface, development
is timeconsuming and expensive," said Tetsuzo Matsumoto, senior executive vice president.
"Japan"s phones are all "handmade" from scratch," he said. "That"s_reaching_the_limit."
B. don"t sell well abroad
C. can meet daily needs
D. will go out of the country
B. Because they didn"t want to improve their products.
C. Because they used secondgeneration network earlier than others.
D. Because their phones couldn"t be connected to PC.
B. They are too expensive.
C. They are always out of order.
D. Their hardware can"t keep up with the development.
B. Japan"s phones can"t continue their history any longer.
C. Japan"s phones have been developed far enough.
D. Japan"s phones have been out of state.
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