There are many things that go into making a successful school, and success can b
题型：不详难度：来源：
There are many things that go into making a successful school, and success can be measured in many ways. Often, the teachers are praised for a school’s success and blamed for its failure. Yet, in order for a school to be effective, it must be a place where teaching and learning can easily take place, and that requires the hard work of more than just educators. Students must take learning into their own hands and feel as if what they are doing is as important as it actually is. This can only be done with the cooperation of every adult that is involved in the students’ life. Some of these individuals often go unnoticed, yet the role they play in the students’ lives is immeasurable.
Administrative assistants welcome students at the beginning of the day and answer a large number of questions. When an assistant remembers a student’s name or even something special about that student, it communicates to him that he is cared for. The assistant can also give that extra encouragement for a student to make better choices, especially when they are visiting the principal’s office.
Cafeteria workers have a short period of time to interact with students, but can make a big difference as well. Beyond meeting nutritional needs, cafeteria workers may also on occasion meet the emotional needs of the students they serve. Students benefit from positive interaction with adults, and cafeteria workers may give that extra bit of encouragement that a child needs.
Custodians (管理人员) are often underappreciated for all that they give to schools. They have to be knowledgeable about everything from cleaning to fixing the most intricate (复杂的) tools. They get to school early in the morning before teachers arrive and lock up late at night after the last student has left from the after-school event. They also make sure teachers are equipped with the necessary items and prepare the rooms so that they are ready for learning. A great custodian also gives that kind word or extra smile to that student who needs it most.
小题1:If an assistant remembers a student’s name, the student will feel that .| A．he is cared for | | B．he is special | | C．he has done something wrong | | D．he has made progress in study |
小题2:Which of the following is TRUE about cafeteria workers?| A．It’s enough for them to cook for the students. | | B．It’s hard for them to interact with the students. | | C．They can also meet the emotional needs of the students. | | D．They have the most interaction with students at school. |
小题3:We learn from the fourth paragraph that .| A．custodians play the least important role in a school | | B．the work of custodians often goes unnoticed | | C．custodians should be more serious with students | | D．custodians’ work is always appreciated at school |
小题4:How does the author feel about the staff mentioned in the text?| A．Disappointed. | B．Appreciative. | | C．Dissatisfied. | D．Doubtful. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:B |
解析
试题分析: 一个学校的成功不仅取决于老师，其他工作人员的辛勤劳动也功不可没。
小题1:A。细节理解题。从文章第二段When an assistant remembers a student’s name or even something special about that student, it communicates to him that he is cared for.可知，如果一个行政人员叫出一个学生的名字，这个学生会有一种被关爱的感觉。故选A。
小题2:C。细节理解题。从文章第三段cafeteria workers may also on occasion meet the emotional needs of the students they serve. 可知，餐厅工作人员也可以给学生情感方面的关怀。故选C。
小题3:B。推理判断题。从文章第四段第一句Custodians are often underappreciated for all that they give to schools.可知，管理人员的工作往往被忽视。故选B。
小题4:B。推理判断题。Disappointed：失望的 Appreciative：赞美的 Dissatisfied：不满意的 Doubtful：怀疑的。本文的目的是赞美这些工作人员的功劳，因此B项正确。故选B。 |
举一反三
Smart home applications can share all kinds of helpful information with homeowners. There appears a new housing platform which can detect the stress on electricity — and the stress on the heart.
“There is a growing population of elderly people, and there are statistics to show that more and more of them are going to live alone in the home,” said Johann Siau, a senior lecturer at the University of Hertfordshire in the U.K., who was leading the InterHome project.
The system was originally designed to provide remote access (远程访问) to a house so owners could be more energy-efficient. In a small type of the system, set-in controller devices connect securely to the Internet. The owner can then monitor them with a cell phone or computer. User feedback helps the system adapt to routines, saving on electricity.
While thinking about responding to user behavior and an increasingly elderly population, the researchers decided to add wristband (手腕带) technology that senses important organs of the body such as body temperature and pulse, Siau said. “If someone were to fall, it would detect the fall and it would immediately start the monitor of the pulse to see if the person has gone into shock (休克),” he said.
The wristband communicates with the home system wirelessly. Data from the band can be securely transmitted to the home network and accessed by authorized users. “We’re working on trying to reduce it to a level where it could potentially be a wrist-sized product,” Siau said.
But he warned that the technology presented new challenges. “When you start using that on a larger scale, you have issues of privacy or security,” he said. Siau said the InterHome home system isn’t intended to invade privacy. “We’re thinking about the elderly people who are living alone with no one looking after them,” he said. “Hopefully this will be able to decrease some concerns and possibly save a few lives.”
小题1:The system was first designed for a house owner to .| A．keep watch on his house | | B．keep his house safe | | C．monitor the elderly people inside | | D．save electricity |
小题2:The wristband technology is used in the system to .| A．sense important organs of a person | | B．keep an old man from falling | | C．get the medical information of a sick person | | D．record a person’s daily activities |
小题3:The researchers are now trying to make the wristband .| A．more sensitive | | B．be connected with the Internet | | C．available for common people | | D．suitable to wear on the wrist |
小题4:What challenges will the new technology bring according to Siau?| A．The wristband can be large and expensive. | | B．The wristband will get false information of a person. | | C．It will not be used in the proper way. | | D．It will bring inconvenience to the old people. |
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Visit any junior high or high school and you will experience the power of influence. Clothing, hairstyles, attitudes and even the language are all gained by some amount of influence, whether it is from commercials, fashion, trends, celebrities or music. Teens and preteen children are influenced by these various factors. However, a child’s friends are the No. 1 influence.
Before you think your children’s friends could never lead one another astray (误入歧途的), think again. A child may experience an event that has caused overwhelming stress or may have problems at home or school, which causes negative behavior. Negative influences of a child’s friends can come without warning.
“Parents who ask their children where they are going, who they are going with and request a meeting with their children’s friends and the friends’ parents have already taken the first step,” says Mara Berkley, family therapist and professor at Bristol University in Rhode Island.
Lynn Rexroat of Chillicothe, Illinois, uses this method to keep tabs on her children. “My oldest son knows that in order for him to go anywhere with a friend, especially one I haven’t met before, I have to speak with that friend’s parent to make sure the arrangements are agreeable with us both,” she says. “I don’t interrogate (质问) them by asking about their private life. I just want to know that the parents of the other child know what the boys are planning to do. I feel that by my wanting to know I am protecting my son.”
When a parent suspects that their child is hanging out with “the wrong crowd”, the last thing on their mind should be discipline. Instead, Berkley says a parent should be more interested in finding out the reasons behind the behaviors and the child’s choice to keep company with these types of friends.
小题1:We can infer from the second paragraph that .| A．two children usually go astray together | | B．a child can be negatively influenced only when he meets problems | | C．a child can easily go astray under the influence of a friend | | D．parents know exactly when a child is negatively influenced |
小题2:Mara Berkley probably agrees that you when your child is going out with his friends.| A．should track him secretly | B．should not ask him | | C．can stop him going out | D．do something to interfere |
小题3:How does Lynn Rexroat protect her son according to the text?| A．She questions his son directly. | | B．She meets his son’s friends herself. | | C．She makes arrangements with the parents of his son’s friends. | | D．She communicates with the parents of his son’s friends. |
小题4:The underlined part “keep tabs on” in the fourth paragraph probably means “ ”.| A．watch over | B．win over | C．bring back | D．take control of |
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Technology and the present generation of kids go hand in hand. Taking advantage of this factor, Lim Hojoon, the designer from South Korea, has come up with an educational gadget (小装置) especially for children.
Kidget, as the name suggests, is a combination of two words – kid and gadget. This kid-friendly gadget has various uses. When your child is in a mood to read, it takes the form of a storybook. When the mood is to draw and color this wonder gadget turns into a perfect canvas (画布). Your child can freely give color to all his/her imaginations. Should he or she wish to have some fun, see this device change into a musical instrument. You too would enjoy doing activities with your loved one using this gadget. This touch screen device will definitely prove to be an ideal friend.
As many parents agree, in this age of technological advancements it is much easier to introduce children to new gadgets than adults. While many adults refrain (克制) from trying out something new, kids are more than prepared to take the leap. Keeping this fact in mind, Kidget is the perfect gift for the child of the 21st century. You will be surprised to see how fast your little one gets acquainted with the device. You might even find yourself lagging (落后) behind at times.
Kidget has another hidden advantage. It helps take the load off young shoulders. With three things rolled into one, a child has much less books, stationary items and related goods to carry. It comes with a promise to make life simpler for kids. Not only is it simple to use but also easy to carry along. The stylish protective case comes with a belt attached to it. Children up to 14 years of age, the targeted audience, enjoy the freedom that comes with it.
小题1:The Kidget probably can’t serve as a ______.| A．storybook | B．perfect canvas | | C．musical instrument | D．television |
小题2:We learn from the second paragraph that Kidget ______.| A．has many functions | | B．is only suitable for kids | | C．can make kids addicted if not properly used | | D．can change its shape and color |
小题3:A hidden advantage of Kidget is that ______.| A．it can be put into a schoolbag | | B．children can carry much less with it | | C．it has a stylish protective case | | D．it contains all the textbooks |
小题4:We can infer from the text that Kidget ______.| A．has both advantages and disadvantages | | B．hasn’t been put into use | | C．needs to be further improved | | D．is a perfect gift for kids |
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The £109 Nest Protect Smoke Alarm promises Internet alerts（警报）and an end to the low battery chirp（短而尖的叫声）. Besides, it uses a voice to tell you where the fire is.
The alarm is the first UK product from Nest, which is run by iPod-inventor Tony Fadell. The company claims the device’s batteries will last for up to seven years. The device will offer a spoken warning before it sounds a major alarm. Also it will use text messages and apps on your phones to alert users to low-level risks.
The present smoke alarms constantly alert users to non-existent threats, which will make many users annoyed and finally remove their batteries altogether. “We’ve all experienced the smoke alarm going off while we’re cooking. Sometimes, we need to search for the source of that non-stop low-battery chirp at midnight,” said Fadell. “Therefore, every time a smoke alarm cries wolf, we trust it a little less, and then — in a moment of frustration — we take the batteries out to stop the beep（嘟嘟声）. And that leaves us and our families at risk.”
If the Protect smoke alarms are used, they can be set up in up to ten zones, so that the clear warnings tell users where the risk has been detected.
“Safety shouldn’t be annoying,” said Matt Rogers, Nest founder and vice president of engineering. “It was unacceptable to us that one in eight houses in the UK has a non-functioning smoke alarm. These products are required by law and are supposed to keep us safe, yet people hate them. We wanted to change that.”
小题1:For what purpose did Nest create the Protect Smoke Alarm?| A．To predict low-level fire risks. | B．To experiment with a new battery. | | C．To improve present smoke alarms. | D．To avoid the low-battery chirp. |
小题2:What did Tony Fadell really want to tell us in Paragraph 3?| A．One of his cooking experiences. | | B．Disadvantages of present smoke alarms. | | C．His growing distrust of smoke alarms. | | D．His source of annoyance to crying wolf. |
小题3:Which of the following are the advantages of the Protect Smoke Alarm?
a. Rechargeable batteries b. A talking smoke alarm
c. Longer battery life d. Going off constantly
e. Internet connection| A．a, b, c | B．c, d, e | C．a, c, e | D．b, c, e |
小题4:What can we know from the last paragraph?| A．In the UK people seldom set up smoke alarms. | | B．Matt Rogers didn’t like the safety requirements. | | C．Non-functioning smoke alarms make people annoyed. | | D．The government should pay attention to safety issues. |
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DNA left at a crime scene could be used in the future to build up a picture of an offender’s face, it was revealed tonight.
A first step towards genetic mugshots has been taken by researchers in the US who link specific DNA markers with face shape. To identify the genes, they focused on known mutations(突变) that cause changes of the face and head. Normal versions of these genes were found to influence individual features. For instance, one gene affected the lips, another the shape and configuration of bones around the eyes, and a third the appearance of the mid-face and skull. In total, 20 genes had “significant effects” on facial appearance.
Lead scientist Professor Mark Shriver, from Pennsylvania State University, said: “We use DNA to match to an individual or identify an individual, but you can get so much more from DNA. Currently we can’t go from DNA to a face, or from a face to DNA, but it should be possible.” The implications are far reaching, raising the possibility of creating a data bank of facial types based on genetic markers. DNA from a crime scene could then be used to produce a rough image of the face of an offender or victim. Such genetic mugshots may be more reliable than computer-generated “e-fits” based on witnesses’ recollections. Other uses of the technique might include proving the identity of fathers in paternity cases, or visualising our remote ancestors from fossil DNA.
The scientists wrote in the online journal Public Library of Science Genetics: “Such predictive modelling could be forensically useful; for example, DNA left at crime scenes could be tested and faces predicted in order to help to narrow the pool of potential suspects. Further, our methods could be used to predict the facial features of descendants, deceased ancestors, and even extinct human species. In addition, these methods could prove to be useful diagnostic tools.” The team developed a model which first established a range of physical face shapes from people of mixed West African and European ancestry from the US, Brazil and Cape Verde. Measurements were taken of thousands of point co-ordinates on grids placed over 3D images of the faces.
Statistical methods were then used to determine the relationship between facial differences and the effects of gender, ethnic ancestry and individual gene variants.
小题1:The underlined word “mugshots” in the second paragraph most probably means _________.| A．different faces | B．characteristics | C．pictures of faces | D．genders |
小题2:What can be inferred from the passage?
A. DNA has been used to build up a picture of an offender’s face.
B. It may be much easier to catch criminals with the help of DNA.
C. In all, 20 genes had “significant effects” on facial appearance.
D. One gene can affect more than one part of your face.
小题3:According to Professor Mark Shriver, we know_________.| A．they can merely match to an individual or identify an individual | | B．there is a possibility of going from DNA to a face | | C．DNA could be used to produce a rough image of an offender’s face | | D．this technology is more reliable than computer-generated “e-fits” |
小题4:What is the most possible title of the passage?| A．Creating a data bank of DNA | | B．Recognizing the DNA of criminals | | C．Predicting the location of offence using DNA | | D．Building image of offender’s face from DNA |
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