As they migrate, butterflies and moths choose the winds they want to fly with, a

As they migrate, butterflies and moths choose the winds they want to fly with, a

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As they migrate, butterflies and moths choose the winds they want to fly with, and they change their body positions if they start floating in the wrong direction. This new finding suggests that insects may use some of the same methods that birds use for traveling long distances. Scientists have long thought that insects were simply at the mercy of the wind.
Fascinating as their skills of flight are, migrating behavior has been difficult to study in insects because many long distant trips happen thousands of feet above ground. Only recently have scientists developed technologies that can detect such little creatures at such great heights.
To their surprise, though, the insects weren"t passive travelers on the winds. In autumn, for example, most light winds blew from the east, but the insects somehow sought out ones that carried them south and they positioned themselves to navigate directly to their wintering homes.
Even in the spring, when most winds flowed northward, the insects didn"t always go with the flow. If breezes weren"t blowing in the exact direction they wanted to go, the insects changed their body positions to compensate(补偿, 弥补). Many migrating birds do the same thing.
The study also found that butterflies and moths actively flew within the air streams that pushed them along. By adding flight speeds to wind speeds, the scientists calculated that butterflies and moths can travel as fast as 100 kilometers an hour. The findings may have real-world applications. With climate warming, migrating insects are growing in number. Knowing how and when these pests move could help farmers decide when to spray their crops.
小题1:What"s the main idea of the text?
A.Insects migrate with the seasons.
B.The wind helps insects greatly in migrating.
C.Windsurfing insects have real direction.
D.Scientists have trouble in observing insects.
小题2:Scientists originally thought that _____.
A.insects always waited for their favorable winds
B.insects chose the winds they wanted to ride
C.insects were just blown about by the wind
D.insects positioned themselves in the winds
小题3:It is not easy to study the migrating behavior of the insects because ______.
A.the little creatures can fly very fast
B.their flight is long and high above ground
C.the wind"s direction is hard to forecast
D.they have no regular migrating courses
小题4:According to the passage, the findings can ____
A.increase insects in number
B.instruct farmers when to spray their crops
C.prevent climate warming
D.help protect insects

答案

小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:B
解析

试题分析:本文讲述的科学家最近飞行蝴蝶和飞蛾在飞行的时候,并不是仍由大风吹来吹去,而是能够控制自己的飞行的方向和距离。这一研究结果有助于人们保护自己的作物。
小题1:C 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段前4行As they migrate, butterflies and moths choose the winds they want to fly with, and they change their body positions if they start floating in the wrong direction. This new finding suggests that insects may use some of the same methods that birds use for traveling long distances.可知蝴蝶这些动物实际上有很强的控制自己的身体的能力,并不是没有方向感,任由风吹乱飞的。故C正确。
小题2:C 细节题。根据第一段最后一句Scientists have long thought that insects were simply at the mercy of the wind.可知科学家原来因为蝴蝶是仍由大风吹来吹去的。故C正确。
小题3:B 细节题。根据文章第二段Fascinating as their skills of flight are, migrating behavior has been difficult to study in insects because many long distant trips happen thousands of feet above ground. Only recently have scientists developed technologies that can detect such little creatures at such great heights.可知这样的动物飞行得又高又远,这给科学家的研究带来了很大的困难。故B正确。
小题4:B 细节题。根据文章最后一句With climate warming, migrating insects are growing in number. Knowing how and when these pests move could help farmers decide when to spray their crops有助于农民们知道何时来保护自己的作物。可知B正确。
点评:本文讲述的科学家最近飞行蝴蝶和飞蛾在飞行的时候,并不是仍由大风吹来吹去,而是能够控制自己的飞行的方向和距离。这一研究结果有助于人们保护自己的作物。本文属于科普类短文,此类文章的最大的障碍是词汇以及考生对阅读内容的不熟悉,需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心。要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力,根据上下文中出现的同义词,近义词,反义词,以及词义的解释来理解生词。同时要抓住文章的中心,不要受其他信息的影响。要根据题目及选项以及文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理。
举一反三
Over the past decade, cheating—an act of academic dishonesty—has become more and more common.
The latest statistics shows more than two thirds of high school students admitted cheating on an exam last year, and—even more surprising—often the best students cheat to get to the top of their class—and they don’t think it is wrong. It’s not a big deal. Everybody is doing it.
It is a big deal! Cheating is basically wrong and must be punished.
If students easily get away with it, they might be encouraged to do it again. They won’t realize that this—in the broadest sense—is an attack on our society, which is based on values like honesty and fairness. The present spreading of cheating indicates a loss of those values and cannot be tolerated. An appropriate punishment for cheating incidents would make students aware of their misbehavior.
If no one were punished for cheating, who would ever study for an exam? Tons of papers would be lifted from websites, writing crib sheets would be more important than reviewing the subjects, and highly sophisticated cheating arts would be invented. Knowledge would only exist on the Internet and on cleverly created cheat sheets, but not in the minds of the students—a rather bad precondition to enrich our society wisely and intelligently.
Students have to learn that they have to learn. Only doing what’s right will bring them a feeling of pride and accomplishment and create self-confidence—the building blocks for a successful and satisfying life and a society that keeps its values.
小题1:What is more surprising is that       .
A.cheating is very common in schools
B.over 2/3 of the students cheat last year
C.even the best students cheat on exams
D.teachers are not aware of the problems
小题2:How do they make the students realize their misbehavior?
A.By letting them getting away with it.
B.By telling them what is right.
C.By catching them on the spot.
D.By giving them some punishment.
小题3:How can students create self-confidence?
A.By knowing they have to learn.
B.By doing what is right.
C.By learning the right things.
D.By being punished when cheating.
小题4:What does the underlined word “lifted” mean?
A.takenB.removedC.copiedD.written

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
International experts meeting in Australia say global carbon emissions (排放) can be reduced by more than 50 percent through simple energy saving measures. People at a conference in Australia, which increasingly relies on coal for power, say that reducing power consumption is an affordable way to both cut energy costs and reduce pollution.
While many nations turn to cheap and dirty energy sources, such as coal, to meet their increasing energy needs, analysts in Australia say the best way to meet those needs is to improve energy efficiency.
A range of simple solutions include using energy-efficient homes, household appliances and lighting, and driving electric cars. Encouraging homeowners and office workers to switch off their televisions and computers at the end of the day is also seen as an effective way to save electricity.
Grayson Heffner, from the Paris-based International Energy Agency, says reducing consumption could greatly cut global carbon emissions. He calls efficiency strategies (策略) the “soft giant” of clean energy.
“We forecast that energy efficiency will deliver something like three-quarters of the greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next 20 years. So in the short term energy efficiency is the main way that we reduce greenhouse gas emissions but oftentimes it is not so importantly stressed in the discussions,” said Heffner.
Energy experts working in China say the government is making significant cuts in power usage.
Wan Xingwang, a Beijing-based representative of the Energy Foundation, a U.S. non-government organization, says the results have been impressive.
“In the past five years China achieved about 19.1 percent of energy reduction of its GDP. That translates to something like more than 600 million tons of coal savings,” said Wan Xingwang.
While most nations have some sort of government-sponsored energy efficiency programs, energy analysts say initiatives (主动性) by individuals and companies can also help cut demand.
Steven Nadel, executive director of the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, a non-profit group based in Washington, says other developing nations are recognizing the benefits of cutting power consumption and taking action.
小题1:To increase their energy supplies, many nations _____________________.
A.turn to new energyB.turn to cheap energy
C.develop solar energyD.introduce clean energy
小题2:Which of the following cannot help to reduce energy consumption effectively?
A.Using electronic products in small size.
B.Using more electric cars.
C.Turning off computers after work.
D.Building energy-efficient houses.
小题3:What can we learn from what Grayson Heffner said?
A.75% of the greenhouse gas emissions can easily be cut in the next 20 years.
B.Ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions should be discussed.
C.Using clean energy is the strategy to cut global carbon emissions.
D.The key to reducing greenhouse gases in the short term is to improve energy efficiency.
小题4:According to the last two paragraphs, which of the following statements is true?
A.The programs reducing energy consumption shouldn’t be sponsored by individuals and companies.
B.All nations have government-sponsored energy efficiency programs.
C.It is time that all nations should combine their efforts to save energy.
D.Some developing nations are taking action to cut power consumption.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Going back to school is a very exciting event for my two boys. It means getting new school bags and books, and seeing friends again after the summer holiday.
My oldest son, 9-year-old Salem, asked me several times where we would go to buy a backpack, while my other son, 6-year-old Abdullah, asked what school would be like this year.
For the last three years, school was a nightmare for many children and their parents as violence increased and there were more attacks on schools and teachers. As a result, many parents prevented their children from going to school. One of six children in this country did not attend primary school in 2009. Many kids who did attend school were accompanied by a parent for the entire day to make sure nothing happened to their children.
For poor families or those with large families, back to school can be an expensive time. The government gives some help to those living in poor neighborhoods, and school bags, note books and other items(商品) are given for free.
Most of the merchants who sell notebooks and pens now sell their products out on the street instead of in stores. They sit on the ground and lay their items on the ground or they have a small table to sell their goods.
The bags cost between $10 and $20, while clothes and shoes cost between $20 and $30. I found all the things I needed for my sons and even bought something for myself. I spent about $50 on each of them, including school uniforms.
At the end of the day, we returned to our home carrying many shopping bags filled with items that made my children happy and excited to go back to school. I just hope this school year will be a peaceful one.
小题1:The author’s children are ________ to go to school.
A.eagerB.afraidC.unwillingD.surprised
小题2:The underlined word “nightmare” is the closest in meaning to ________.
A.fantasyB.dream worldC.prisonD.terrible situation
小题3:Many children are not going to school mainly because of ________.
A.the terrible education systemB.security problems and poverty
C.parents’ distrust in schoolsD.the government’s inability
小题4:As a parent, the author ________.
A.is unable to afford his kids’ schoolingB.is unwilling to send his kids to school
C.hopes his kids have a happy school lifeD.complains school education costs too much
小题5:Which of the following statement is NOT true?
A.Many parents prevented their children from going to school for great study pressure.
B.School bags, note books and other items(商品) are given to those living in poor neighborhoods for free.
C.The author spent about $100 for her two sons.
D.The items the author bought made her children happy and excited to go back to school.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案


A long time ago, before human beings lived on the earth, little coral polyps(水螅)settled around tropical (热带的)coastlines and constructed corals. Over a long period they created lots of reefs. Yet, pollution, climate change and commercial fisheries are limiting the chance of future generations knowing or seeing many of the reefs and sea creatures that exist. Hence, take action to dive now and you can explore the underwater world.
Commercial underwater diving began in ancient Greece. Diving in general means that the whole body is completely in water. On that account there are lots of exciting and quite adventurous ways to dive, like shark cage diving, scuba diving(戴水肺潜水)and reef diving.
There are great coral reefs all over the world, but usually they are situated in warm, clear water such as the Pacific and the Indian Ocean, where they grow best. This is why there are no coral reefs on the west coast of South Africa. However, South Africa’s east coast offers much brightly coloured sea life.
In South Africa more than 100,000 dives a year are made just in coral reefs, which are one of the natural wonders of the world. To see the whole beauty of the reef the right diving gear(设备) is an essential requirement. This means a perfect fitting diving mask and fins, as well as a snorkel(呼吸管)and a friend. Diving alone is dangerous because there may be strong currents you are not aware of, and it’s a lot more fun to share the experience with someone. However, before you can explore the deeper sea, a certificated and checked scuba, a wetsuit and of course a license will be needed. Whether you choose the snorkel or the scuba to spot the colourful underwater world, try to touch as little as possible, be careful with the corals and don’t strike the fishes, because the complex ecosystem is very sensitive.
小题1:The following factors probably affect coral reefs EXCEPT ________.
A.sea creaturesB.pollutionC.fishingD.climate change
小题2:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.Human beings appeared before corals were created.
B.One needs a license to dive into the deeper sea.
C.Diving alone has many advantages.
D.The origin of diving is in modern Greece.
小题3:There are no coral reefs on the west coast of South Africa probably because of a lack of ________.
A.large waters and soft sand
B.warm currents and delicious food
C.friendly creatures and flat seabed
D.clear water and suitable temperature
小题4:The last paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A.diving alone under the sea is rather dangerous
B.some matters we need pay attention to when diving
C.South Africa is a popular place for diving
D.what we should wear when diving

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
US universities are among the best in the world. Since World War Ⅱ, American scientists --- mostly working in universties or colleges --- have won more than half of all Nobel Prizes in physics and medicine. Foreign students rush to the United States by the tens of thousands. Last year they earned more than one quarter of the doctoral degrees awarded in the country. Yet while American universities produce the great research and great graduate program, they sometimes pay little attention to the task that lies at their very core: the teaching of undergraduate students.
With the increase in fees, educators feel obliged to improve undergraduate teaching. In speeches and interviews the nation’s higher educators have rediscovered teaching. Robert Rosenzweig, president of the Association of American Universities,  said,  “Our organization was never very concerned about teaching. In the last 18 months, we have spent more time on undergraduate education than on any other subject.”
Despite such promising efforts, no one doubts that research still outranks teaching at some of the leading universities, not least because it is a surer and faster way to earn status. Some people don’t think it has to be that way. They argue that the reward system for college faculty can be changed, so that professors will be encouraged to devote more time and effort to teaching. They say that they are beginning to believe that the first ten years of the 21st century may come to be remembered as the decade of the undergraduate.
That would bring it full circle. For more than two centuries after the founding of Harvard College in 1636, the instruction of undergraduate students was an essential condition of American higher education.
小题1:According to the passage, at some of the leading American universities ________.
A.research is declining in importanceB.teaching now ranks above research
C.teaching is a sure way to gain positionD.research still ranks above teaching
小题2:It is implied in the passage that about 200 years ago undergraduate instruction ________.
A.began to change all of a sudden
B.was already threatened by research work
C.was the central part of higher education
D.began to be neglected in most universities
小题3:What would be the best title for the passage?
A.University education in the USB.University education challenged
C.Teaching and research in universitiesD.Undergraduate teaching rediscovered

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