Parents who feel disappointed at their teenagers’ failure to pay attention in cl
题型：不详难度：来源：
Parents who feel disappointed at their teenagers’ failure to pay attention in class, and inability to sit quietly long enough to finish homework or plan ahead, should take solace. Their children are not being lazy or careless, according to new research.
The research has found that teenagers’ brains continue developing far longer into adulthood than we used to think. Teens may look like young adults but their brain structure is similar to that of much younger children.
“It is not always easy for teens to pay attention in class without letting their minds wander, or to ignore distractions from their younger brothers or sisters when trying to solve a maths problem,” said Dr Iroise Dumon-theil. “But it’s not the fault of teenagers that they can’t pay attention and are easily distracted. It’s to do with the structure of their brains. Teens simply can’t think as well as an adult.”
The research showed that the brain of a teenager works less effectively than that of an adult. “We knew that the front of the brain of teens functioned in a chaotic (混乱的) way but we didn’ t realize it continued until the late 20s or early 30s,” said Dr Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, who led the research.
Chaotic thought patterns are a result of teenagers’ brains containing too much grey matter — the cell bodies and connections which carry messages within the brain. As we age, the amount of grey matter in our brain reduces.
“What our research has shown is that there is simply too much going on in the brains of teens,” said Blakemore. “The result is that their brain energy and resources are wasted and their decision-making process is badly influenced. Adults, on the other hand, have less grey matter. This means that the brain works far more effectively.”
小题1:The underlined word “solace” in Paragraph 1 may mean _____.| A． notice | B．medicine | C．comfort | D．action |
小题2:When making decisions, _____.| A．teens’ brains continue to do much needless work | | B．the grey matter in young children’s front brain becomes active | | C．people are not likely to be distracted until their late 30s | | D．adults are more independent than teens |
小题3:What is the effect of having too much grey matter?| A．It makes us always feel disappointed. | | B．It makes us more intelligent. | | C．It had a bad effect on the growth of teens. | | D．It had a bad effect on decision-making. |
小题4:What’s the text mainly about?| A．Teens have different brains from those of children. | | B．Adults work more effectively than teens. | | C．Grey matter makes teens unable to pay attention. | | D．Brain energy is wasted in the brain’s activity. |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析：这篇文章讲述了灰质使得青少年不能集中精力，随着年龄的增长，灰质减少，大脑才能更有效的工作。
小题1:solace意思为安慰，故选C。
小题2:根据“The result is that their brain energy and resources are wasted and their decision-making process is badly influenced. Adults, on the other hand, have less grey matter. This means that the brain works far more effectively.”故选A。
小题3:根据Adults, on the other hand, have less grey matter. This means that the brain works far more effectively.”所以答案为D。
小题4:根据全文内容以及Adults, on the other hand, have less grey matter. This means that the brain works far more effectively.”，因此选C。
点评：要想答好题目，重在理解全文意思。这篇文章比较难，先看问题，再带着问题读短文，找出各段落的主旨句，理解全文内容，总结全文中心，然后再回到问题上来，很容易选出正确答案。 |
举一反三
Many people go to school for an education. They learn languages, history, politics, geography, physics, chemistry and mathematics. Others go to school to learn a skill so that they can make a living. School education is very important and useful. Yet, no one can learn everything from school. A teacher, no matter how much he knows, can not teach his students everything they want to know. The teacher’s job is to show his students how to learn. He teaches them how to read and how to think. So, much more is to be learned outside school by the students themselves.
It is always more important to know how to study by oneself than to memorize some facts or a formula(公式). It is actually quite easy to learn a certain fact in history or a formula in mathematics. But it is very difficult to use a formula in working out a math problem. Great scientists before us didn’t get everything from school .Their teachers only showed them the way. Edison did not even finish primary school. But they were all so successful. They invented so many things for mankind. The reason for their success is that they knew how to study. They read books that were not taught at school . They would ask many questions as they read. They did thousands of experiments. They worked hard all their lives, wasting not a single moment. Above all , they knew how to use their brain.
小题1: To work out a math problem, you need to know __________.| A．only a certain formula | | B．how to memorize some facts | | C．only some facts | | D．the method to work it out |
小题2: Why were many scientists so successful?| A．They received good education. | | B．They were very clever. | | C．They knew how to learn. | | D．They learned lots of facts and formulas. |
小题3:How did great scientists study?| A．They read a lot of books and asked many questions while reading. | | B．They did thousands of experiments. | | C．They always worked hard and never wasted time. | | D．All of the above. |
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Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. If metal is heated and then cooled very quickly , for example by dipping it in water , it will be very hard but also very brittle(脆)---that is , It will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily . It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly , for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly , the softer it becomes . Annealing can also be used on other materials, such as glass.
小题1: Annealing can make metal _______________.| A．hard and tough (韧) | B．hard but brittle | | C．soft but tough | D．soft and brittle |
小题2: Why do people put hot metal in water ? ____________| A．To make it hard | B．To make it soft | | C．To make it cool | D．To make it brittle |
小题3: As suggested by the text , how can glass be made less brittle ?____________| A．It can be heated and then cooled quickly | | B．It can be cooled and then heated slowly | | C．It can be heated and then cooled slowly | | D．It can be cooled and then heated quickly |
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Recently, a student used his Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) to film a female teacher scolding and tearing the work of a classmate. The public discussion that the incident caused started on the Internet. However, when it came to the media’s attention, it quickly became a major topic in the education circles. The reactions so far suggest that the focus of the debate has been on one question: whom to blame?
Teachers who are anxious to defend their professional dignity have tried to put the blame on the students. They mentioned their right to privacy 隐私）and for this reason they requested the Ministry of Education (MOE) to prohibit PDAs in schools. On the other hand, some parents and students have taken a different position. They feel that the teacher is also at fault. Caught up in the war of words between both sides, people are no longer interested in the “truth” of the matter which seems now unimportant. It was left to newspapers to discover the central point of the controversial issue, by stressing the problems that are not always easily noticed in our educational system.
For those responsible for educating the young, this PDA incident conveys the message that “Times have changed”，a reality that must have been felt even more strongly by the female teacher when reflecting on this unpleasant experience. Different times call for different professional approaches in education. The ability to understand the students they are teaching has always been the quality of successful teachers. Despite some factors, the incident shows that the teacher lacks good qualities on her part. Besides, the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved. Also, it is an example which shows the issue we are familiar with: what to do with new technology? With PDA, the new technology, the interaction (交流）between the teacher and students in classroom has been changed.
小题1:The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to______.| A．improve the teachers’ way of teaching | | B．stress the using of PDA in the classroom | | C．change the students’ behavior in the classroom | | D．discuss the potential problems of educational system |
小题2:The underlined word “recalcitrant” in paragraph 3 probably means______?| A．difficult to control | B．interested in nothing | | C．unwilling to learn | D．ready to obey rules |
小题3:The writer’s attitude toward the PDA incident is______.| A．optimistic | B．critical | | C．uncertain | D．approval |
小题4:What might be the best title for the passage?| A．Whom to blame? | | B．The PDA incident | | C．Times have changed | | D．What to do with new technology? |
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Water is very important to living things. Without water there can be no life on the earth. All animals and plants need water. Man also needs water. We need water to drink, to cook our food and to clean ourselves. Water is needed in offices, factories and schools. Water is needed everywhere.
There is water in seas, rivers and lakes. Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the desert part of the world, there is some water in the air. You can not see or feel it when it is a part of the air. The water in the seas, rivers and lakes is a liquid, the water in the air is a gas, and we call it water vapour (蒸气).
Clouds are made of water. They may be made of very small drops of water. They may also be made of snow crystals(结晶体). Snow crystals are very very small crystals of ice. Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be snow and ice everywhere in winter.
Water may be a solid or a liquid or a gas. When it is a solid, it may be as hard as a stone. When it is a liquid, you can drink it. When it is a gas, you can not see or feel it.
小题1:Where can we find water?| A．We can find water when it turns into vapour. | | B．Water is only in seas and rivers. | | C．We can see water in deserts here and there. | | D．Water can be found almost everywhere. |
小题2: We can drink water when it is | A．a solid | B．aliquid | | C．in the air | D．turned into ice |
小题3:Clouds are made of | A．seas, rivers and lakes | | B．blocks of ice | | C．very small drops of water or snow crystals | | D．solid, liquid and gas |
小题4:Water has three states(状态). They are | A．solid, liquid and gas | | B．solid, vapour, snow | | C．drops of water, blocks of ice and crystals of water | | D．ice, snow and air |
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First Lady Michelle Obama urged students to visit China at the "100,000 Strong" China Study Abroad forum at Howard University in 2011.
President Barack Obama announced the "100,000 Strong" Initiative （倡议） during his 2009 visit to China. The program aims to increase and diversify the number of American students studying in China by making studying abroad more affordable.
During the event at Howard, Mrs. Obama spoke about the importance of studying abroad, something she never did while in college. "Studying in countries like China is about so much more than just improving your own prospects（前景） in the global market. The fact is that with every friendship you make and every bond of trust you establish you are shaping an image of America projected to the rest of the world," she said.
David Marzban from Pepperdine University recalled a time when he formed a cross-cultural bond with a complete stranger at a restaurant near Fudan University in Shanghai. He noticed a young chef signaling him to come over. "He presses the play button on his media player and starts singing "California Dreaming" and wants me to sing along with him," Marzban said. "At this time I knew a great friendship had started during my first two weeks in China."
Nicole Baden, a senior communications major at Howard University, recalled how her time in China really helped her master the language. "You have to experience the culture while learning the language to really master it and to understand why things are how they are compared to your own culture," Baden said.
Mrs. Obama encouraged students to set aside concept that studying abroad is for rich kids only or for those attending certain schools. In addition, the first lady announced that the Chinese government is giving 10,000 "Bridge Scholarships" to cover costs for American students and teachers studying in China.
Students from several schools attended the forum. 12-year-old Sarah Davis, who studied in China last summer, said she was very excited to hear Michelle Obama talk about the country. “I love Chinese. Out of all the languages I’ve learned, Chinese is the most difficult and interesting,” she said.
小题1:The examples mentioned in the passage mainly indicate that _____.| A．the US students’ life in China is helpful and worthwhile | | B．all students of the US are living a comfortable life in China | | C．Chinese young people are friendly to foreigners | | D．it isn’t realistic for some US young people to study in China |
小题2:What can we infer from the passage?| A．Baden came to China to study the differences between English and Chinese. | | B．Poor children from America have no opportunity to study in China. | | C．David Marzban made a Chinese friend in an unexpected way in China. | | D．Michelle Obama called on US students to study in China at a government meeting. |
小题3:What is the best title for the passage?| A．The US has an ambitious program for Americans studying in China. | | B．Michelle Obama encourages American students to study in China. | | C．More American students plan to study in China. | | D．China is attracting more and more international students. |
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