阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。           AResearchers who helped discover a n

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。           AResearchers who helped discover a n

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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
           A
Researchers who helped discover a new species of Mexican butterfly are offering to sell the naming rights to raise money to fund more research. Co-discoverer Andrew Warren is hoping to raise at least $50,000 by auctioning(拍卖) off the rights to name the 4-inch “owl eye” butterfly, which lives in Sonora, a Mexican state bordering Arizona.
“That would support at least two years of research for our team down in Mexico,” Warren said. “Money goes a long way down here in Mexico.”
According to the scientific tradition, discoverers of a new species have the say in naming it. In recent years, some discoverers have auctioned off their naming rights to raise money.
Warren said the amount being sought for the butterfly is not out of the question, noting that naming rights for a new monkey species brought in $650,000 two years ago. A group of 10 new fish species that went on the naming auction block at the same time earlier this year brought in a total of $2 million.
The butterfly discovered by Warren and researcher George Austin ranges as far north as Mexico.
The butterfly was actually in a collection, misidentified as an example of another new species, at the McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity at the Florida Museum of National History in Gainesville, said Warren. They soon began the hard process of determining that it was indeed a “new” model of butterfly.
After checking photos and comparing it with other known species, they determined it was a separate species.
小题1:Where did the researchers discover the new species of butterflies?
A.In Sonora.B.In Mexico state.
C.In a place in US.D.Near the US-Mexico border.
小题2: Why will the researchers sell the naming rights of the butterfly?
A.To raise money for wildlife protection.
B.To raise money for more research.
C.To cause people’s attention to the new discovery.
D.To cover the cost of the research.
小题3:When the butterfly was first discovered, people thought ______.
A.it was a new species at once
B.it wasn’t a species of American butterfly
C.it belonged to the monarch branches
D.it belonged to a new species
小题4: We can infer from the passage that ______.
A.the new species of butterfly live both in the US and Mexico
B.it took the researchers a lot of efforts to determine the new species of butterfly
C.the researchers are not sure whether they can get the money they want from the auction
D.it is the first time that the new species of butterfly has been found

答案

小题1:C
小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:B
解析

举一反三
Annie had just begun school. Her parents were tired of the methods they were using to correct her behavior, including scolding (训斥), and taking away privileges (特权). Annie still needed to be scolded for her bad behavior, but her parents felt the good things she did needed to be recognized. So, they began to spend more time recognizing the improvements (改进) in Annie’s behavior and the good things she did every day rather than like before when they only noticed her bad behavior. Within a few weeks Annie began to change her attitude and her behavior improved.
Praise is one of the most powerful tools parents can use to teach their children good skills and help them grow. Praise works well when it is given and when you remember to use it frequently. It is important to praise all good behavior. Look for the good things your child does. Praise will have a lot of effects on your child. Use the 4 to 1 rule. For every bad behavior you notice, find four good behaviors or reasons to praise. It is a good way to remember to look for good behavior.
Remember to praise the things your child has already done well, or improvements in his behavior and new skills. Show your agreement by smiling and touching his shoulder or back. Be sure to say what your child did well in detail. Tell your child how good behavior helps and that it is liked by others.
小题1:What was the result of recognizing Annie’s good behavior?
A.She started to correct her bad behavior.
B.She was tired of her parents’ scolding.
C.She was not scolded for her bad behavior.
D.She spent more time praising her good behavior.
小题2:When praising children’s good behavior, parents should do the following EXCEPT __________.
A.praising their children for what they did in detail
B.encouraging their children to go on doing good things
C.telling their children more about their bad behavior
D.praising their children in a good way with smiles
小题3:What can we learn from the passage?
A.Praising is a better way than scolding.
B.Annie was a middle school student.
C.Annie’s parents are education experts.
D.Parents should not often show agreement.
小题4:The best title for this passage would be ____________.
A.How to Praise a Good Child
B.A Good Method of Praising Children
C.Praise More and Scold Less
D.The Importance of Good Behavior

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Lichens (地衣) are difficult to see. They don’t move. They often mix into the living place. You might not even recognize one if you are looking right at it.
Lichens live on rocks, branches, houses, and even metal street signs. You can find these colorful organisms (微生物) almost everywhere — from deserts to rainforests, and from Antarctica to Africa. They’ve traveled in outer space, and some scientists think there might even be lichens on Mars.
What you probably don’t realize is that a lichen is more than a single thing. It includes two different types of living organisms: a fungus (菌类) and an alga (藻类). Neither of these organisms is a plant, so the lichen isn’t a plant either.
Through photosynthesis (光合作用), the alga gets the sun’s energy to make food for the fungus, which is the place for the alga to live in. However, the alga cannot leave the fungus.
Around the world, scientists have found tens of thousands of types of lichens. Many may not even have been discovered yet. As scientists continue to find new kinds of lichens, they are also working to understand how they are connected to one another. By putting together a lichen family tree, they hope to understand why so many different types of lichens have grown in so many places around the world.
Many researchers are trying to understand basic facts about the organisms and their connections. Researchers are also using lichens to examine the health of the environment.
小题1:What do we know about lichens according to the passage?
A.They will die if they leave Earth.
B.There are more lichens than plants on Earth.
C.They look similar to the environment around them.
D.They are too small to be easily seen by people.
小题2:What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The way lichens live.
B.The natural environment of lichens.
C.The way lichens work as organisms.
D.The family tree of lichens.
小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT the scientists’ purposes of studying lichens?
A.To understand basic facts about them.
B.To creat a lichen family tree.
C.To understand how lichens are related to each other.
D.To understand why lichens can live in different places.
小题4:We can know from the passage that __________.
A.lichens can be used to better understand the environment
B.lichens don’t have any differences in colors or sizes
C.lichens don’t use photosynthesis like a green plant
D.scientists have discovered every kind of lichen

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In 1886 explorer Robert Peary traveled to Greenland for the U.S. Navy. Before his journey, no one knew Greenland’s size or shape. On Peary’s first trips, he explored Greenland, mapping parts of it.
When Peary returned to the United States, he went to a businessman to sell some furs. There he met Matthew Henson, an African American mechanic, builder and navigator. When Peary went to Nicaragua on a Navy mission(任务),Henson went with him. When that job was over, the two headed to the Arctic.
Henson and Peary set sail for Greenland. When they landed, Henson built a house for their base camp. Peary and his men set out to explore the land by dog sledge(雪橇). Henson was injured and had to stay at the base. While there, he made friends with the Inuit, the native people.
In 1895 Henson, Peary and Hugh Lee went out on another dog sledge journey. This time, they found Greenland’s northernmost point. They now knew that the North Pole lay under the frozen Arctic Ocean. Peary had hoped to cross the ice. but the group ran out of food and returned to base camp. In the years that followed, Peary and Henson tried several times to reach the North Pole, but each time they failed. On one trip, Peary’s feet froze, and he lost his toes(脚趾).
Peary and Henson planned last trip when Peary was 53 years old. They started across the sea ice from Ellesmere Island, which is located(位于) north of Canada. The temperature dropped as low as—51 degrees Celsius. The explores’ cheeks froze , and they suffered snow blindness from the sun’s glare. They experienced high winds and storms, and they also faced a hidden danger. Under the frozen ocean were powerful currents(潮流). The ice moved and broke apart leaving open water, called leads. Twice Peary fell into leads. But eventually he and Henson became the first persons to reach the North Pole.
小题1: What did Peary and Henson find in 1895?
A.Greenland is near the Artic Ocean.
B.Ellesmere Island is located north of Canada.
C.The North Pole is located in the Artic Ocean.
D.Greenland’s northernmost point is the North Pole.
小题2: Which of the following words can be used to describe Peary?
A.Determined.B.Modest.C.Generous.D.Honest.
小题3:What was the potential danger that Peary and Henson faced on their last trip?
A.Snow blindness.B.High winds.C.Storms.D.Leads.
小题4:The best title for the passage might be “____”.
A.The mapping of the Arctic Ocean.
B.Peary and Henson: Arctic explorers
C.Early explorers’ trips to the South Pole
D.Henson and Peary: discoverers of Greenland

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First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the seriously injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱)injury and paralysis(瘫痪).
Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病)or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim’s condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词)ABC, which stands for:
A---Airway: is it open and clear?
B---Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
C---Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding extremely? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
小题1: First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT____.
A.saving a victim’s life
B.preventing a victim’s condition from getting worse.
C.relieving a victim from pain
D.helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury
小题2: Before we administer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us ____.
A.to make sure what to do and what not to do
B.to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid
C.to remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing
D.to take him/her to a hospital at once
小题3:In administering first aid to a victim, you should first of all ____.
A.remove him from the accident sceneB.turn him over
C.call for professional medical helpD.examine him carefully
小题4:The purpose of the passage is to tell the reader _____.
A.the importance of protecting the accident scene
B.some basic facts about first aid
C.what professional medical help is
D.who can offer first aid

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With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone (克隆) the animal and save the endangered species(物种). That"s a move similar to what a Texas A&M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah"s Ark”.
Noah"s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎),semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen(氮). If certain species should become extinct , Dr. Duane Kraemar, a professor in Texas A&M University Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.
It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals , birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years . The panda, native only to China , is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years .
This week , Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit . They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.
The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy(having a baby). It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort, ”adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A & M, the first–ever attempt at cloning a dog.
“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”
小题1: The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to ________.
A.make efforts to clone the endangered pandas
B.save endangered animals from dying out
C.collect DNA of endangered animals to study
D.transfer the nuclear of one animal to another
小题2:According to Professor Kraemer , the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _______.
A.available panda eggsB.host animals
C.qualified researchersD.enough money
小题3:The best title for the passage may be ______.
A.China’s Success in Panda Cloning
B.The First Cloned Panda in the World
C.Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas
D.China---the Native Place of Pandas Forever

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