阅读理解。 Nuclear energy has always been controversial. But since the tsunami an
题型：四川省模拟题难度：来源：
Fukushima (Japan) last year the issue is back in the headlines. And the world is divided- some countries
are planning more nuclear plants, while others have promised to shut theirs down.
After Fukushima, Germany decided to switch off all its nuclear plants by 2022. Switzerland and Italy
are also phasing out nuclear power. But France and the United States remain staunch supporters of
atomic energy. In fact, almost 80% of France"s electricity comes from nuclear power, the highest
percentage in the world. And in the US, the Obama administration said it "continues to support the
expansion of nuclear power, despite the crisis in Japan."
Nuclear supporters claim nuclear power can help the environment. Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power
doesn"t create greenhouse gases. So, pro-nuclear countries argue that nuclear power allows them to
generate energy without contributing to climate change. Britain"s chief scientific adviser (John Beddington)
supports this view. He recently said that the world doesn"t have the luxury of ignoring nuclear energy.
Nuclear power is also relatively cheap. Renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind
power may be clean, but they"re expensive; and right now, they require a lot of investment. This higher
cost of using "green energy" is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their
energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills. This is of
particular concern while the world economy is in such bad shape.
The main argument against nuclear energy is that it isn"t safe. For a start, nuclear waste is very difficult
to dispose of, and remains toxic to humans for thousands of years. And even before Fukushima, there
were several high-profile nuclear disasters. The most famous is probably the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, in
the Ukraine. The radiation from the meltdown spread all over Europe, affecting thousands.
The nuclear energy issue is very complex. And it doesn"t look like it"ll be resolved anytime soon. As a
Japanese commentator recently said, "it"s been a bad year for the "nuclear village", but I don"t think they"re down and out yet." The battle continues.
B. Nuclear energy can help prevent the climate damage.
C. Nuclear energy is more environmental-friendly than other green energy sources.
D. Nuclear energy can save the consumers some money, compared to other renewable energies.
B. The cost of using renewable sources
C. The fact that the nuclear power is cheaper.
D. The investment of renewable energy sources
B. the nuclear energy issue will be soon settled
C. a battle will break out in the future
D. Japan is considering to build a nuclear village in the future
B. To introduce some serious nuclear disasters.
C. To show the argument between nuclear supporters and protesters.
D. To give some advice on how to use nuclear energy safely.
答案
举一反三
The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower the IQ more than twice as much as smoking
marijuana (大麻). That is the statement of researchers who have found that tapping away on a mobile
phone or computer keypad or checking for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to 10 points off
the user"s IQ. This rate of decline in intelligence compares unfavorably with the four-point drop in IQ
associated with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have described the
phenomenon of improved stupidity as "infomania". The research conducted by Hewlett Packard, the
technology company, has concluded that it is mainly a problem for adult workers, especially men.
It is concluded that too much use of modern technology can damage a person"s mind. It can cause a
constant distraction of "always on" technology when employees should be concentrating on what they are
paid to do. Infomania means that they lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost
permanent state of readiness to react to technology instead of focusing on the task in hand. The report
also added that, in a long term, the brain will be considerably shaped by what we do to it and by the
experience of daily life. At a microcellular level, the complex networks of nerve cells that make up parts
of the brain actually change in response to certain experiences.
Too much use of modern technology can be damaging not only to a person"s mind, but to their social
relationship. 1100 adults were interviewed during the research. More than 62 per cent of them admitted
that they were addicted to checking their e-mails and text messages so often that they scrutinized
work-related ones even when at home or on holiday. Half said that they always responded immediately
to an email and will even interrupt a meeting to do so. It is concluded that infomania is increasing stress
and anxiety and affecting one"s characteristics. Nine out of ten thought that colleagues who answered
e-mails or messages during a face-to-face meeting were extremely rude.
The effects on IQ were studied by Dr Glenn Wilson, a psychologist at University of London. "This is
a very real and widespread phenomenon," he said. "We have found that infomania will damage a
worker"s performance by reducing their mental sharpness and changing their social life. Companies
should encourage a more balanced and appropriate way of working."
B. results in the change of part of the brain
C. lies in the problem of lack of concentration
D. is caused by too much use of modern technology
B. the damage to one"s brain done by unhealthy habits
C. the relevance between IQ and use of modern technology
D. the relationship between intelligence and working effectiveness
B. copied patiently
C. corrected quickly
D. admitted freely
CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
you yawning. He 1 that he didn"t have a sound sleep the night before. Many 2 don"t get adequate
sleep because they are burdened with too much homework, which keeps them up at night doing countless exercise. Some teens cannot 3 at night even when they want to so much.
Researches show that during your teenage years, the body"s biological clock is ___4_ ,telling you to
sleep later at night and wake up 5 in the morning. But 6 in the body clock aren"t the only reason
teens lose sleep. Lots of people have insomnia(失眠). The most common cause of insomnia is 7 . But
all sorts of things can lead to insomnia, including 8 discomfort, emotional troubles and even sleeping
environment. It"s common for everyone to have insomnia occasionally. But if it 9 for a month or more,
go and consult a doctor.
Most teens have 10 sometimes, which may make you sweat. But, if they are too frequent, a
person"s sleep pattern can be seriously 11 . The most common cause of them is emotional 12 ,
such as fear, stress or anxiety. If you have them a lot, you"re also supposed to talk to a 13 .
Medical specialists encourage teens to make lifestyle changes to help them develop good sleeping
14 . Most probably you know that a cup of coffee can keep you
15 at night, but did you know that playing video games or watching TV does the same?
( )2. A. adults
( )3. A. study
( )4. A. broken
( )5. A. sooner
( )6. A. changes
( )7. A. happiness
( )8. A. mental
( )9. A. helps
( )10. A. nightmares
( )11. A. improved
( )12. A. issue
( )13. A. doctor
( )14. A. idea
( )15. A. asleep
B. teens
B. work
B. reset
B. earlier
B. moves
B. joy
B. physical
B. reports
B. dreams
B. destroyed
B. affair
B. desk-mate
B. habits
B. alive
C. parents
C. sleep
C. repaired
C. quicker
C. patterns
C. stress
C. biological
C. stops
C. stress
C. advanced
C. problems
C. teacher
C. time
C. awake
D. teachers
D. communicate
D. damaged
D. later
D. model
D. homework
D. medical
D. lasts
D. change
D. affected
D. things
D. friend
D. environment
D. annoyed
education, according to new research.
Dr. Helen Lees, from Stirling University"s school of education, says that "enforced (强制的) silence
" is seen as a punishment and often acts to suppress children"s natural ability. But she says that teaching
children about the benefits of "enforced silence",-deliberate stillness that gives them the opportunity to
focus and reflect in a stress-free environment--- can have a significant effect on pupils" concentration and
behavior.
It is the latest in a string of researches to establish a link between the classroom environment and
pupils" academic ability.
A study almost a decade ago in London found that children"s exam results were cut by as much as a
third if they were taught in noisy classrooms. Teaching unions have also called for a limit of 26℃ to be
put on classroom temperatures because teachers and pupils struggle to work in hot conditions, and some
educationalists claim that too much clutter (杂乱的东西) on classroom walls can prevent children from
concentrating.
Dr. Lees said, "When we take some research on school settings and put it all together, what we see is
that education without silence does not make much sense. In areas of better learning outcomes, better
self- confidence and well-being measures, enforced silence in a person"s life and an individual"s education
is shown throughout the relevant research to be a benefit."
Dozens of schools across Britain have already introduced periods of "reflective silence" into the
timetable.
Kevin Hogston, head of Sheringdale Primary, south London, has just introduced a minute"s silence at
the start of twice-weekly meetings in which children are taught breathing techniques and encouraged to
reflect. The school plans to introduce it into classrooms every day.
B. does not make much sense in class
C. can improve pupils" confidence
D. makes pupils more creative
B. improve
C. apply
D. reveal
B. Silence makes a great difference to pupils.
C. Clutter on the walls can help students concentrate.
D. Most schools are not satisfactory in terms of classroom temperatures.
B. Achieving silence is beneficial for people
C. Using enforced silence is effective punishment
D. Keeping quiet in class improves academic performance
the southernmost coastal city to the northernmost coastal city would measure about 225 miles. If you
followed the coastline between these points, you would travel more than ten times as far. This irregularity
is the result of what is called a drowned coastline. The term comes from the glacial (冰川的)activity of
the Ice Age. At that time, the whole area that is now Maine was part of a mountain range that towered
above the sea. As the glacier descended, however, it applied enormous force on those mountains, and
they sank into the sea.
As the mountains sank, ocean water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining land. And the
highest parts of the former mountain range, nearest the shore, remained as islands. Marine fossils found
here are 225 feet above sea level indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier.
The 2,500-mile-long rocky and jagged coastline of Maine keeps watch over nearly 2,000 islands.
Many of these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are home to blooming communities. Mt. Desert
Island is one of the largest, most beautiful of the Maine coast islands left behind by the glacier. Measuring
16 miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was very nearly formed as two distinct islands. It is split almost in half
by Somes Sound, a very deep and very narrow stretch of water seven miles long.
For years, Mt. Desert Island, particularly its major settlement, Bar Harbor, has afforded summer
homes for the wealthy. Recently, though, Bar Harbor has become a new arts community as well. But the
best part of the island is the unspoiled forest land known as Acadia National Park. Since the island sits
on the border between two different geographical zones, the park supports the plants and animals of both
zones. It also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting spot for many birds.
The establishment of Acadia National park in 1916 means that this natural monument will be
preserved and that it will be available to all people, not just the wealthy. Visitors to Acadia may receive
nature instruction from the park naturalists as well as enjoy camping, hiking, cycling, and boating. Or
they may choose to spend time at the museum learning about the Stone Age inhabitants of the island.
B. glacier"s forcing mountains into the sea
C. the irregularity of the Maine coastline
D. ocean water"s flooding the mountain range
B. there are more than 2500 islands along the Maine coastline
C. Mt. Desert Island has been broken apart by a 7-mile-long water stretch
D. an arts community gave way to the summer homes on Mt. Desert Island
B. It has much appeal for bird-watching lovers.
C. It offers visitors both entertainment and education.
D. It is a border between the two geographical zones.
B. The formation of Maine coastline
C. Efforts for preserving national parks
D. Tourist attractions on Mt. Desert Island