You might not know it, but there is something wonderful at your fingertips. You
题型：不详难度：来源：
You might not know it, but there is something wonderful at your fingertips. You can make people happier, healthier and more hard-working just by touching their arms or holding their hands.
Doctors say that body contact is a kind of medicine that can work wonders. When people are touched, the quantity of hemoglobin (血红蛋白)－a type of matter that produces the red color in blood increases greatly. This results in more oxygen reaching every part of the body and the whole body benefits. In experiments, bottle-fed baby monkeys were separated from their mothers for the first ten days of life. They became sad and negative. Studies showed the monkeys were more probable to become ill than other babies that were allowed to stay with their mothers.
Human babies react in much the same way. Some years ago, a scientist noticed that some well-fed babies in a clean nursery became weak. Yet babies in another nursery were growing healthily, even though they ate less well and were not kept as clean. The reason, he concluded, was that they often had touches from nurses.
Experiments show that most people like being touched. And nearly all doctors believe touch helps to reduce patients" fear of treatment. Of course there is time when a touch is not welcome. But even if we don"t like being touched, a smile can make us feel better. Smiling increases blood flow and starts the production of "happy brain" chemicals. So let"s have a big smile and don"t forget to keep in touch.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT true?| A．Everyone knows that body contact can make people happier. | | B．People may work harder because of body contact. | | C．Your fingertips can do something. | | D．People may not understand the importance of touching. |
小题2:According to the passage _____.| A．human brains need oxygen and blood supply now and then | | B．touches from doctors and nurses have nothing to do with treatment | | C．new-born baby monkeys should stay away from their mothers | | D．not all the people like being touched |
小题3:The word "benefits" in the second paragraph probably means _____. | A．to be useful or helpful | | B．to get something useful or helpful | | C．to be ill | | D．to be hurt |
小题4:The best title for the passage might be _____.| A．Why People Touch | B．Smile and Touch | | C．Wonders of Touch | D．Touch or Not |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析：文章大意：医学专家们认为，身体上的接触是具有一种奇妙的治疗功效。
小题1:A细节理解题。根据文章的首句You might not know it, but there is something wonderful at your fingertips可知A项表述错误。故A正确。
小题2:D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句Experiments show that most people like being touched.可知并非所有人都喜欢被触摸。故D正确。
小题3:B词义猜测题。根据文章第二段This results in more oxygen reaching every part of the body and the whole body benefits.可以推测benefit为“有益的”。故B正确。
小题4:C主旨大意题。根据文章大意：医学专家们认为，身体上的接触是具有一种奇妙的治疗功效。故C正确。 |
举一反三
Many of our favorite travel destinations are in danger of being changed badly by increased temperatures and rising seas. The following are some of the places that may be in danger and some that are already experiencing the effects of global warming.
The Everglades, Florida: Perhaps no region of the country is as unprotected to climate change as Florida. Even a slight increase in temperature and water level could devastate popular destinations like the Everglades, Miami Beach and the Keys.
Australia’s Great Barrier Reef: One of the most impressive natural habitats in the world, the Great Barrier Reef could be killed by increased water temperatures and the resulting coral bleaching (漂白法). Australia is particularly easily damaged by global warming because of its large number of fragile (脆弱的) ecosystems, uncertain water sources and a large group of people gathering on the coast.
Dalian, China: Fast-growing China, shown here during a heat wave last year, is opening about one coal factory every day this year. Along with the U.S., China is one of the world"s leading contributors to the greenhouse gases , which can lead to the increase in the Earth"s temperature.
Venice, Italy: No stranger to flooding, Venice has invested $4.5 billion in a floodgate system that is due to open in 2012. But the frequent changing ocean levels have made people question the floodgates" ability to hold out the rising waters.
London, England: Designed to protect London from storms and extremely high tides, the Thames Barrier was opened in 1984. Some analysts fear that rising oceans will create conditions beyond the capabilities the barrier was designed to meet.
小题1:The word “devastate” in paragraph 2 means “_____________”.| A．protect | B．destroy | C．swallow | D．enlarge |
小题2:What can endanger Great Barrier Reef directly?| A．Fragile ecosystem | | B．Uncertain water sources. | | C．The large group of people. | | D．Increased water temperatures and the coral bleaching |
小题3:The underlined sentence means “____________”.| A．flooding is common in Venice | | B．everyone is familiar with flooding | | C．it is strange for Venice to experience flooding | | D．there is no flooding in Venice |
小题4:The subject discussed in the text is that ____________.| A．the dangerous destinations | | B．the most popular destinations | | C．the fascinating destinations | | D．the endangered destinations |
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Wikipedia: The Online Know-It-All
If you want to find out a piece of information about anything, the best place to search for it is Wikipedia. The name “Wikipedia” is from the Hawaiian word wiki, meaning “quick”. This online encyclopedia (百科全书) is written by thousands of people around the world. Anyone with Internet access can write, add or make changes to Wikipedia articles if he or she finds it incorrect or not well written. In this way, people who know a lot about a certain subject can write about it even if they are not university professors. But contributions cannot damage Wikipedia because many experienced editors are watching pages and techies (技术专家) can write editing programs to keep track of or correct bad edits. Where there are disagreements on how to present facts, editors work together to arrive at an article that fairly represents current expert opinion on the subject.
Wikipedia is quite different from paper-based reference sources in important ways. Unlike printed encyclopedias, it is continually created and updated, with articles on historic events appearing within minutes, rather than months or years.
What’s more, Wikipedia includes articles written in about 285 languages. This fact makes it one of the few websites on the Internet that are truly international. It was started in 2001 by Larry Sanger and Jimmy Wales, as a free online English-language encyclopedia project. Since its creation, it has grown rapidly into one of the largest reference websites, attracting nearly 500 million unique visitors monthly. There are more than 77,000 active contributors working on more than 22,000,000 articles in different languages. As of today, there are 4,396,866 articles in English.
So, if you are looking for some information, why not try Wikipedia? It’s free, multilingual，and informative.
小题1:According to the passage, what is Wikipedia?| A．A free website encyclopedia. | B．A computer game. | | C．A free encyclopedia in book form. | D．An online university. |
小题2:From the passage we know that ______.| A．Wikipedia only charges users a small fee | | B．Wikipedia catches a wide audience | | C．incorrect editions might do great harm to Wikipedia | | D．it will take long to update the information on Wikipedia |
小题3:Where can we probably read the passage?| A．In a story book. | B．In a research report. | | C．In a science magazine. | D．In a travel brochure. |
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Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; _________________, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way children, learning to do all the other things without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle, compare their own performances（表现）with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he became dependent on the teacher.
Why should we teachers waste time on such tiring work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end all this nonsense（荒谬的）of grades, exams and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
We should, of course, offer help to them just as they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated（复杂的）and rapidly changing as ours. Don’t worry! If something is basic, they will go out into the world and learn it.
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage? (No more than 8 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
Teachers seem to think that a child can’t find out a mistake or correct it without their help.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题3:Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.
(No more than 10 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题4:According to the passage, what should a teacher do? (No more than 15 words.)
A teacher should ______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题5:What is the author’s attitude towards grades, exams and marks at school?
(No more than 5 words.)
The author thinks _____________________________________________________________ |
The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed”. But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study"s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing (引证) older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is slow to learn that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays against funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem (自尊). The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”
Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation (自我肯定). In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think of positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic viewpoint. Call it the power of negative thinking.
小题1:The first paragraph is written _________.| A．to raise an argument about positive thinking | | B．to introduce the power of positive thinking | | C．to encourage people to have positive thoughts | | D．to introduce the $11 billion self-help industry |
小题2:According to the study of the Canadian researchers, _________.| A．positive thinking is not as powerful as negative thinking | | B．encouraging positive thinking may actually discourage people | | C．happy people can think positively while unhappy people can’t | | D．getting people to think positively can strengthen their confidence |
小题3:What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?| A．You are pointing out the mistakes he has made. | | B．You are reminding him that he is not intelligent. | | C．You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough. | | D．You are showing he has great potential in spite of faults. |
小题4:We can learn from the last paragraph that _________.| A．negative feelings must be got rid of | | B．there’s no point in thinking positively | | C．it doesn’t make sense to think negatively | | D．negative thinking is not always negative |
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Going to college and living away from home for the first time can be terribie．Students tend to have higher academic achievements in college when they enjoy living in the dormitory．Most colleges and universities have many programs that help first-year students adjust to studying and living in a new community．Take advantage of these programs and make new friends as you adjust to your college life．
．Greet and meet everyone in the dorm．Find out their class schedules and hobbies．You may be able to find study partners this way．Most students are just like you being away from their home the first time．Don"t be afraid toknock on your neighbors"doors and introduce yourself．The residence(居住区)staff will also help you in adjusting tocollege iife．Get to know them as soon as possible．
Get along with your roommate．Your roommates can be eitherr your lifelong friends or enemies．Try to be friends to them．Respect each other, including their space．Do not use your roommates’ belongings without permission．Communicate among each other regarding your daily schedule, study or sleep habits and off campus guest visits. Always say hello．
Get involved．To adjust to college life away from home，you need to got involved in college activities．Join clubs．Attend events that are hosted by your residence life and academic departments．Attend those events with your new friends. Most colleges have many events throughout the semester．Student union is a great place to meet new friends and learn about the upcoming events．
Call home when you need to．College life can be very exciting in the beginning. Most students get lonely and homesick during the middle of the semester or during festivals，It is normal to feel sad．Call home or even visit home when you need to. Talk to your friends back home．Understand that many people love and support you and they are very proud of you．
小题1:What does the text mainly tell us?| A．Advice on how to adjust to college life． | | B．Things that can be done in a dormitory． | | C．Places to live in when going to a college． | | D．Ways of making friends with roommates． |
小题2:What can be proper to fill in the blank in Paragraph 2?| A．Greet people everywhere． | B．Meet new friends． | | C．Share your hobbies. | D．Adjust to college life． |
小题3:Which of the following is not proper in getting along with your roommates?| A．Say hello to them frequently． | | B．Respect them and their space． | | C．Use their belongings secretly． | | D．Know about their living habits． |
小题4:According to the text，when you feel homesick at college，you can ．| A．find study partners | B．join clubs | | C．call your parents | D．talk to new friends |
小题5:In which part of a website might the text appear?| A．Style and fashion． | B．Science and technology． | | C．Sports and health． | D．Culture and education． |
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