An American educational expert, Frederick M. Hess, says that a long summer vacat
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An American educational expert, Frederick M. Hess, says that a long summer vacation doesn’t make sense in today’s world.
This summer, 50 million kids will spend much time talking online, watching TV, playing video games and asking older brothers or sisters to take them to the supermarket. They will also be putting their academic futures at risk.
During much of the 20th century, many Americans worked in factories that did not need a college degree but still offered a high salary. Also, in the 19th century, there was no air condition. And poor hygiene (卫生) meant that crowded schools had health risks.
Things have changed. For today’s students, academic skills are key to future success. Many countries don’t give kids an American-style summer vacation. They offer no more than seven consecutive (连续的) weeks of vacation. Most American school districts offer up to 13 weeks. To compete in global marketplace, Americans must be prepared to go up against international competitors.
Summer vacation also causes challenges for today’s families. In the 1960s, more than 60% of families had a stay-at-home mum. Now, two-thirds of American children live families where every adult works. For these families, summer vacation can be more burden than break. Someone must watch the kids.
But the biggest problem may be how summer vacation hurts academic achievement. Scientist have found that disadvantaged students lose important ground in the summertime.
A school year can allow time-limited teachers to conduct richer and more imaginative lessons. Schools would have more time for sports, languages, music and the arts.
小题1:Before the 20th century, a long summer vacation might ______.| A．reduce income for Americans | | B．reduce health risks for students | | C．cause career failure for Americans | | D．cause loss in global market for America |
小题2: How long does an American-style summer vacation last？| A．No more than two months. | | B．Less than three months. | | C．As long as three months. | | D．As long as four months. |
小题3:According to the text, who will benefit from a long school year?| A．American students, teachers and parents. | | B．American students, parents and shop owners. | | C．American students, parents and international competitors. | | D．American students, teachers and international competitors. |
小题4:How many reasons did the writer give to support his/her opinion?| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three. | D．Four. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：作者在文章中介绍长暑假对学生没有意义的观点，主要因为：长暑假不利于学生的成绩，增加父母的负担，不利于老师安排课程，现在的学校设施齐备，不需要放长假。
小题1:细节题：从第三段的句子：Also, in the 19th century, there was no air condition. And poor hygiene (卫生) meant that crowded schools had health risks.可知在20世纪前长暑假会让学生减少健康的危害。选B
小题2:细节题:从第四段的句子：Most American school districts offer up to 13 weeks. 可知大部分美国的学校提供3个多月的暑假。选C
小题3:细节题：从倒数第三段的句子：Someone must watch the kids. 和最后一段的内容，可知长学年可以使家长，学生和父母受益，选A
小题4:推理题：纵观全文，文章先介绍了作者的观点长暑假对学生没有意义，然后给出了四个理由：长暑假不利于学生的成绩，增加父母的负担，不利于老师安排课程，现在的学校设施齐备，不需要放长假。选D |
举一反三
To get a chocolate out of a box requires a lot of unpacking: the box has to be taken out of the paper bag in which it arrived, the cellophane (玻璃纸) wrapper has to be torn off, the lid opened and the paper removed, the chocolate itself then has to be unwrapped from its own piece of paper. But this overuse of wrapping is not limited to luxuries. It is now becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in beautiful wrapping.
The package itself is of no interest to the shopper, who usually throws it away immediately. Useless wrapping accounts for much of the refuse put out by the average London house-hold each week. So why is it done? Some of it, like the cellophane on meat, is necessary, but most of the rest is simply competitive selling. This is absurd. Packaging is using up valuable energy and resources and polluting the environment.
Recycling is already happening with milk bottles which are returned to the dairies (牛奶场）, washed out, and refilled. But both glass and paper are being threatened by the growing use of plastic. More dairies are experimenting with plastic bottles.
The trouble with plastic is that it does not rot. Some environmentalists argue that the only solution to the problem of ever increasing plastic containers is to throw away plastic altogether in the shops, a suggestion unacceptable to many producers who say there is no alternative (替代品) to their handy plastic packs.
It is evident that more research is needed into the recovery and re-use of various materials and into the cost of collecting and recycling containers rather than producing new ones. Unnecessary packaging, intended to be used just once, and to make things look better so more people will buy them, is clearly becoming increasingly absurd. But it is not so much a question of throwing away packaging as using it wisely. What is needed now is a more advanced approach to using scarce resources for what is, after all, a relatively unimportant function.
小题1:The underlined part “this overuse of wrapping is not limited to luxuries” in Paragraph l means ______.| A．more wrapping is needed for ordinary products | | B．the wrapping used for luxury products is unnecessary | | C．more wrapping is used for luxuries than for ordinary products | | D．too much wrapping is used for both luxury and ordinary products |
小题2:Why is packaging important to producers?| A．It is easy to use it again. | | B．Packaged things will not go rotten. | | C．They want to attract more shoppers. | | D．Shoppers are all interested in beautiful packaging. |
小题3:According to the passage, dairies are ______.| A．reusing their paper containers | | B．giving up the use of glass bottles | | C．increasing the use of plastic bottles | | D．experimenting with the use of paper bottles |
小题4:Some environmentalists think that ______.| A．too much plastic is wasted | | B．shops should stop using plastic containers | | C．no alternative can be found to plastic packaging | | D．plastic packaging should be made more convenient |
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“My family was so frustrated,” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment. ”
Astronomers—scientists who study stars and planets—-have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.
There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(迁徙的)birds. According to the International Dark-Sky Association. “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers. ”
Countless more animals casualties(伤亡）result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase person’s chances of getting cancer.
Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff,Arizona,has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.
小题1: What is the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4? | A．Birds may take other migration paths | | B．Animals’ living habits may change suddenly | | C．Varieties of animals will become sharply reduced | | D．Animals’ survival is threatened by outdoor lighting |
小题2:Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to| A．Lessen the chance of getting cancer | | B．create an ideal observation condition | | C．ensure citizens a good sleep at night | | D．enable all creatures to live in harmony |
小题3: What message does the author most want to give us?| A．Saving wildlife is saving ourselves | | B．Great efforts should be made to save energy | | C．Human activities should be environmentally friendly | | D．New equipment should be introduced for space study |
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Recently a Beijing father sent in a question at an Internet forum(论坛) asking what “PK” meant. “My family has been watching the ‘Super Girl’ singing competition TV program. My little daughter asked me what ‘PK’ meant, but I had no idea,” explained the puzzled father.
To a lot of Chinese young people who have been playing games online, it is impossible not to know this term. In such Internet games, “PK” is short for “Player Kill”, in which two players fight until one ends the life of the other.
In the case of the “Super Girl” singing competition, “PK” was used to refer to the stage where two singers have to compete with each other for only one chance to go up in competition ranking.
Like this father, Chinese teachers at high schools have also been finding their students’ compositions using Internet jargons(行话) which are difficult to understand. A high school teacher from Tianjin asked her students to write compositions with simple language, but they came up with a lot of Internet jargons that she didn’t understand.
“My ‘GG’ came back this summer from college. He told me I’ve grown up to be a ‘PLMM’. I loved to ‘FB’ with him together; he always took me to the ‘KPM’,” went one composition.
“GG” means Ge Ge(Chinese pinyin for brother). “PLMM” refers to Piao Liang Mei Mei(beautiful girl). “FB” means Fu Bai(corruption). “KPM” is short for KFC, Pizza Hut and McDonald’s.
Some specialists welcome Internet jargons as a new development in language.
If you do not even know what a Kong Long(dinosaur, referring to an ugly looking female) or a Qing Wa(frog, referring to an ugly looking male) is, you will possibly be regarded as a Cai Niao!
小题1:By writing the article, the writer tries to .| A．explain some Internet language | | B．suggest common Internet language | | C．laugh at the Beijing father | | D．draw our attention to Internet language |
小题2:What does the writer think about the term “PK”?| A．Fathers can’t possibly know it. | | B．The daughter should understand it. | | C．Online game players may know it. | | D．“Super Girl” shouldn’t have used it. |
小题3:The examples of the Beijing father and the Tianjin teacher are used to show that Internet jargons .| A．are used not only online | | B．can be understood very well | | C．are welcomed by all the people | | D．cause trouble to our mother tongue |
小题4: What would be the best title for the passage?| A．A puzzled father | B．Do you speak Internet-ish? | | C．Keep away from Internet-ish | D．Kong Long or Qing Wa? |
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Do you know that a fast reader can get the ideas better than a slow reader can? Of course, you save time by reading fast, but this is not the main reason for fast reading. The main reason is that you understand better what you are reading when you read fast.
As your eyes move along the line of print, they make fixations(固定) or pauses. It is important that you see several words at a fixation. It is also important that your eyes leave a group of words quickly and move on to another group. The number of letters or words that you see at a fixation is called your eye span. Pay more attention to improving your rate of reading. With practice you can learn to read faster than you usually read.
The way in which you read always depends on what you are reading and for what purpose. You should know the different ways of reading so that you can apply whatever method that is necessary. Here are four ways of reading:
(1) Skimming is an important kind of reading. This method can be used when you wish to review something that you have forgotten. You can skim to get the main points.
(2) Rapid first reading and then rereading certain parts carefully is important. You may use this type of reading to study a science lesson or a history lesson.
(3) You need to do careful reading and rereading sometimes. This type of reading is necessary for making an intensive(精深的) study of your school subjects, solving maths problems or reading directions.
(4) Rapid reading is used when reading stories for enjoyment. You may also do rapid reading when reviewing material that you already know well.
小题1:The main reason for reading fast is that you can what you are fast reading.| A．get the ideas | B．save time | C．understand better | D．learn well |
小题2:The way of reading always depends on .| A．the method that you like | B．your reading material | | C．your reading purpose | D．both B and C |
小题3:The underlined word “skimming” in the fourth paragraph means .| A．reading very fast | | B．looking carefully | | C．reading only the main points | | D．reading some parts of the material |
小题4:Careful reading is an important kind of reading .| A．when you read a story for enjoyment | | B．when you go over a lesson that you have already known well | | C．when you read the directions before using a camera which is expensive | | D．when you wish to find a lost place that you have read |
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The smallest animal with a backbone（脊椎） known to science, a fish from the carp family, has been discovered in the peat swamps （沼泽）of Indonesia. Mature（成熟的）females of the fish species （种类）Paedocypris reach just 7.9mm in length.
The species was discovered in the highly acidic (酸性的) peat swamps of the Indonesian island of Sumatra by a team led by Ralf Britz, a zoologist at the Natural History Museum in London.
“This is one of the strangest fish that I’ve seen in my whole career,” Dr Britz said. “It’s tiny, and it lives in acid. I hope that we’ll have time to find out more about them before their habitat disappears completely.”
The species lives in dark tea-colored swamp waters, which are 100 times more acidic than rainwater. Although these swamps were once thought to be inhabited by very few animals, recent research has shown that they are home to a highly different range of species that occur nowhere else.
The peat swamps were damaged by forest fires in 1997, and are also threatened by agriculture. The scientists behind the discovery said that several populations of Paedocypris had already been lost.
“Many of the peat swamps we surveyed（调查）throughout South-East Asia no longer exist,” Dr Britz said. “Populations of all the miniature（微型的）fish of peat swamps have decreased or disappeared.”
Details of the discovery are published today in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B.
小题1:64.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? | A．The Strangest Fish | | B．Acidic Peat Swamps | | C．Strange Species | | D．The Smallest Backbone Animal |
小题2:65.Where does the smallest backbone animal live?| A．It lives in highly acidic rainwater. | | B．The species lives in the acidic waters of dark tea-coloured swamps. | | C．It was put in the Natural History Museum in London. | | D．Its habitat disappears completely. |
小题3:66.According to the passage, the forest fires in 1997 have led to the fact that______.| A．many places where these animals lived have been damaged | | B．the population of the specieshas increased | | C．there are many animals in the acidic peat swamps today | | D．agriculture doesn’t affect the living space of these animals |
小题4:67.Dr Britz’s words imply______.| A．the habitat will be more after a period of time | | B．many peat swamps that they surveyed have already survived | | C．he wants to find more miniature fishes before their habitat disappears | | D．he wants to have further research |
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