Going back to school is a very exciting event for my two boys. It means getting

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Going back to school is a very exciting event for my two boys. It means getting

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Going back to school is a very exciting event for my two boys. It means getting new school bags and books, and seeing friends again after the summer holiday.
My oldest son, 9-year-old Salem, asked me several times where we would go to buy a backpack, while my other son, 6-year-old Abdullah, asked what school would be like this year.
For the last three years, school was a nightmare for many children and their parents as violence increased and there were more attacks on schools and teachers. As a result, many parents prevented their children from going to school. One of six children in this country did not attend primary school in 2009. Many kids who did attend school were accompanied by a parent for the entire day to make sure nothing happened to their children.
For poor families or those with large families, back to school can be an expensive time. The government gives some help to those living in poor neighborhoods, and school bags, note books and other items(商品) are given for free.
Most of the merchants who sell notebooks and pens now sell their products out on the street instead of in stores. They sit on the ground and lay their items on the ground or they have a small table to sell their goods.
The bags cost between $10 and $20, while clothes and shoes cost between $20 and $30. I found all the things I needed for my sons and even bought something for myself. I spent about $50 on each of them, including school uniforms.
At the end of the day, we returned to our home carrying many shopping bags filled with items that made my children happy and excited to go back to school. I just hope this school year will be a peaceful one.
小题1:The author’s children are ________ to go to school.
A．eagerB．afraidC．unwillingD．surprised
小题2:The underlined word “nightmare” is the closest in meaning to ________.
A．fantasyB．dream worldC．prisonD．terrible situation
小题3:Many children are not going to school mainly because of ________.
A．the terrible education systemB．security problems and poverty
C．parents’ distrust in schoolsD．the government’s inability
小题4:As a parent, the author ________.
A．is unable to afford his kids’ schoolingB．is unwilling to send his kids to school
C．hopes his kids have a happy school lifeD．complains school education costs too much
小题5:Which of the following statement is NOT true?
A．Many parents prevented their children from going to school for great study pressure.
B．School bags, note books and other items(商品) are given to those living in poor neighborhoods for free.
C．The author spent about $100 for her two sons.
D．The items the author bought made her children happy and excited to go back to school.

答案

小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:A
解析

试题分析：本文叙述了由于学校的暴力事件频繁出现一些家长不敢让孩子去上学，有的是因为家里贫穷不能去上学；还有一些家长陪同孩子一起去上学来确保孩子的安全，而作者的两个孩子在家歇了一段时间之后，盼望去上学，作者希望学校今年是和平年。
小题1:细节理解题。根据Going back to school is a very exciting event for my two boys. 孩子愿意去上学，故选A。
小题2:细节理解题。根据for many children and their parents as violence increased and there were more attacks on schools and teachers.可知是可怕的景象，故选D。
小题3:细节理解题。根据For the last three years, school was a nightmare for many children and their parents as violence increased and there were more attacks on schools and teachers. As a result, many parents prevented their children from going to school.和 For poor families or those with large families, back to school can be an expensive time.由于安全问题及贫穷，故选B。
小题4:细节理解题。根据I just hope this school year will be a peaceful one.故选C。
小题5:细节理解题。根据选项A由于学习压力父母不让孩子去上学，这一点短文中没有提到，故选A。
点评：细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论。这类题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。
举一反三


A long time ago, before human beings lived on the earth, little coral polyps（水螅）settled around tropical （热带的）coastlines and constructed corals. Over a long period they created lots of reefs. Yet, pollution, climate change and commercial fisheries are limiting the chance of future generations knowing or seeing many of the reefs and sea creatures that exist. Hence, take action to dive now and you can explore the underwater world.
Commercial underwater diving began in ancient Greece. Diving in general means that the whole body is completely in water. On that account there are lots of exciting and quite adventurous ways to dive, like shark cage diving, scuba diving（戴水肺潜水）and reef diving.
There are great coral reefs all over the world, but usually they are situated in warm, clear water such as the Pacific and the Indian Ocean, where they grow best. This is why there are no coral reefs on the west coast of South Africa. However, South Africa’s east coast offers much brightly coloured sea life.
In South Africa more than 100,000 dives a year are made just in coral reefs, which are one of the natural wonders of the world. To see the whole beauty of the reef the right diving gear（设备） is an essential requirement. This means a perfect fitting diving mask and fins, as well as a snorkel（呼吸管）and a friend. Diving alone is dangerous because there may be strong currents you are not aware of, and it’s a lot more fun to share the experience with someone. However, before you can explore the deeper sea, a certificated and checked scuba, a wetsuit and of course a license will be needed. Whether you choose the snorkel or the scuba to spot the colourful underwater world, try to touch as little as possible, be careful with the corals and don’t strike the fishes, because the complex ecosystem is very sensitive.
小题1:The following factors probably affect coral reefs EXCEPT ________.
A．sea creaturesB．pollutionC．fishingD．climate change
小题2:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Human beings appeared before corals were created.
B．One needs a license to dive into the deeper sea.
C．Diving alone has many advantages.
D．The origin of diving is in modern Greece.
小题3:There are no coral reefs on the west coast of South Africa probably because of a lack of ________.
A．large waters and soft sand
B．warm currents and delicious food
C．friendly creatures and flat seabed
D．clear water and suitable temperature
小题4:The last paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．diving alone under the sea is rather dangerous
B．some matters we need pay attention to when diving
C．South Africa is a popular place for diving
D．what we should wear when diving

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US universities are among the best in the world. Since World War Ⅱ, American scientists --- mostly working in universties or colleges --- have won more than half of all Nobel Prizes in physics and medicine. Foreign students rush to the United States by the tens of thousands. Last year they earned more than one quarter of the doctoral degrees awarded in the country. Yet while American universities produce the great research and great graduate program, they sometimes pay little attention to the task that lies at their very core: the teaching of undergraduate students.
With the increase in fees, educators feel obliged to improve undergraduate teaching. In speeches and interviews the nation’s higher educators have rediscovered teaching. Robert Rosenzweig, president of the Association of American Universities,  said,  “Our organization was never very concerned about teaching. In the last 18 months, we have spent more time on undergraduate education than on any other subject.”
Despite such promising efforts, no one doubts that research still outranks teaching at some of the leading universities, not least because it is a surer and faster way to earn status. Some people don’t think it has to be that way. They argue that the reward system for college faculty can be changed, so that professors will be encouraged to devote more time and effort to teaching. They say that they are beginning to believe that the first ten years of the 21st century may come to be remembered as the decade of the undergraduate.
That would bring it full circle. For more than two centuries after the founding of Harvard College in 1636, the instruction of undergraduate students was an essential condition of American higher education.
小题1:According to the passage, at some of the leading American universities ________.
A．research is declining in importanceB．teaching now ranks above research
C．teaching is a sure way to gain positionD．research still ranks above teaching
小题2:It is implied in the passage that about 200 years ago undergraduate instruction ________.
A．began to change all of a sudden
B．was already threatened by research work
C．was the central part of higher education
D．began to be neglected in most universities
小题3:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．University education in the USB．University education challenged
C．Teaching and research in universitiesD．Undergraduate teaching rediscovered

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Still waiting for little green men to make contact? Don"t hold your breath.
A leading astronomer has concluded there probably aren"t any aliens out there – meaning we are absolutely alone in the universe.
Even though there may be tens of thousands of other distant planets similar in size to Earth, the conditions on them are likely to be too hard to support life-forms such as ET.
Dr Howard Smith, a senior astrophysicist at Harvard University, believes there is very little hope of discovering aliens and, even if we did, it would be almost impossible to make contact.
So far astronomers have discovered a total of 500 planets in distant solar systems – known as extrasolar systems – although they believe billions of others exist.
But Dr Smith points out that many of these planets are either too close to the sun or too far away, meaning their surface temperatures are so bad that they could not support life. Others have unusual orbits which cause vast temperature variations, making it impossible for water to exist – the most important thing for life.
Dr Smith said, "We have found that most other planets and solar systems are wildly different from our own. It means it is highly unlikely there are any planets with intelligent life close enough for us to make contact." But his suggestions contradict other leading scientists who have claimed aliens almost certainly exist.
Only last month Professor Stephen Hawking said the fact that there are billions of galaxies out there made it reasonable to think there were other life-forms in the universe.
Researchers from the University of London have recently suggested that aliens could be living on as many as 40,000 other planets. But Dr Smith said: "Any hope of contact has to be limited to a relatively tiny space around the Earth, reaching maybe 1,250 light years out from our planet, where aliens might be able to pick up our signals or send us their own. But communicating would still take decades or centuries."
小题1:By saying ＂don’t hold your breath＂, the author advised the reader not to _____.
A．keep silentB．give upC．expect soD．be afraid
小题2:Dr Smith concludes there probably aren’t any aliens because other planets _____.
A．are too far away from the earth
B．are different from the Earth in size
C．don’t have rich natural resources
D．don’t have a suitable living environment
小题3:Researchers from the University of London are mentioned to show that ______.
A．they have better explanations about aliens
B．aliens certainly exist on many planets
C．they disagree with Dr Smith’s suggestion
D．aliens can pick up signals from the earth
小题4:What’s the main idea of the text?
A．There must be other life forms in the universe.
B．We can communicate with aliens in decades.
C．The chances of finding aliens are slight.
D．Many other planets are quite different from the Earth.

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案
The rapid growth of cities worldwide over the next two decades will cause significant risks to people and the global environment, according to analysis.
Researches from Yale and Stanford predict that by 2030 urban areas will expand by 590,000 square miles—nearly the size of Mongolia—to meet the needs of 1.47 billion more people living in urban areas.
“It is likely that these cities are going to be developed in places that are the most biologically diverse,” said Karen Seto, a famous scientist at Yale University. “They are going to be growing and expanding into forests, biological hotspots, savannas(热带稀缺大草原), coastlines—sensitive and vulnerable places.”
Urban areas, they found, have been expanding more rapidly along coasts. “Of all the places for cities to grow, coasts are the most sensitive. People and buildings along the coast are at risk of flooding and other environmental disasters,” said Seto.
The study provides the first estimate of how fast urban areas globally are growing and how fast they may grow in the future. “We know a lot about global patterns of urban population growth, but we know significantly less about how urban areas are changing,” she said. “Changes in land cover associated with urbanization lead to many environmental changes, from habitats loss and agricultural land conversion(转化) to changes in local and regional climate.”
The researchers examined studies that used satellite data to map urban growth and found that from 1970 to 2000 the world’s urban footprint had grown by at least 22,400 square miles—half the size of Ohio.
“This number is numerous, but, in actuality, urban land expansion has been far greater than what our analysis shows because we only looked at the published studies that used satellite data,” said Seto. “We found that 48 of the most populated urban areas have been studied using satellite data, with findings in journals. This means that we’re not tracking the physical expansion of more than half of the world’s largest cities.”
Half of urban land expansion in China is driven by a rising middle class, whereas the size of cities in India and Africa is driven primarily by population growth. “Rising incomes translate into rising demand for bigger homes and more land for urban development, which has a great effect on biodiversity conservations, loss of carbon sinks and energy use.”
小题1:According to the passage, the most dangerous place for city expansion is the _____.
A．forestB．desertC．savannasD．coastline
小题2:The underlined word “vulnerable” (in Para. 3) probably means “____”.
A．diverse in plantsB．beautiful in scenery
C．easily damagedD．very productive
小题3:From Para. 5, we can infer that ____.
A．urbanization is a good way to improve people’s standards of living
B．cities develop very fast and more and more people come to live in cities
C．more and more agricultural farmlands are used to make room for local animals
D．in the past, researchers focused their attention on the expanding urban areas
小题4:Cities in Africa become bigger and bigger mainly because of their ____.
A．growing populationB．rising middle class
C．unique living patternsD．economic development

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案
Why should you go to college? One important answer to this question is more __16___. As opposed to generations of the past, high school graduates today are _17___ to get the number of high-paid jobs that were __18__ available. The U.S. has been changed from a manufacturing-based economy into an economy based on ___19_, and the importance of a college education today can be _20___ to that of a high school education forty years ago. It __21__ as the gateway to better choices and more opportunity.
There are __22_ reasons as to why it is important to go to college. When students _23__ a post-secondary education, they have the opportunity to read books and listen to the __24__ of top experts in their fields. It __25__ students to think, ask questions, and __26_ new ideas, which allows for additional growth and ___27_ and provides college graduates with an edge in the job market __28__ those who have not experienced a higher education.
The importance of a college education is also because of the opportunity to __29__ valuable resources. The more connections which are __30___ during your college career, the more _31___ you will have when you begin your job search. Once you have ended your job search and have started your career, ___32__, the importance of a college education has not been exhausted. Having a college degree often __33_ greater promotion opportunity.
So, why should you go to college? The reasoning does not begin and end with the _34___ aspect. A good education is __35__ from many different viewpoints, and while the importance of a college education is quite evident for many high school students, what is often not as clear is how they will pay for that education.
小题1:
A．timeB．freedomC．respectD．opportunity
小题2:
A．likelyB．unableC．afraidD．unwilling
小题3:
A．onceB．justC．neverD．also
小题4:
A．natureB．cultureC．knowledgeD．agriculture
小题5:
A．referredB．addedC．devotedD．compared
小题6:
A．followsB．servesC．unitesD．disappears
小题7:
A．additionalB．secretC．interestingD．financial
小题8:
A．discussB．ignoreC．experienceD．imagine
小题9:
A．storiesB．requestsC．suggestionD．lecture
小题10:
A．helpsB．encouragesC．forbidsD．advises
小题11:
A．designB．exploreC．changeD．refuse
小题12:
A．developmentB．paymentC．agreementD．experiment
小题13:
A．forB．overC．inD．with
小题14:
A．admireB．satisfyC．gainD．notice
小题15:
A．removedB．collectedC．explainedD．controlled
小题16:
A．inventionsB．choicesC．worriesD．salaries
小题17:
A．besidesB．thereforeC．howeverD．otherwise
小题18:
A．savesB．includesC．ensuresD．means
小题19:
A．lifeB．characterC．communicationD．job
小题20:
A．freeB．rareC．beneficialD．absent

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