Nothing succeeds like confidence. When you are truly confident, it radiates (辐射)
题型：不详难度：来源：
Nothing succeeds like confidence. When you are truly confident, it radiates (辐射) from you like sunlight, and attracts success to you like a magnet (磁铁). Besides, those who are self-confident can in turn inspire (encourage) confidence in others: their audience, their peers, their bosses, their customers, and their friends. And gaining the confidence of others is one of the key ways in which a self-confident person finds success.
So how can we build a sense of self-confidence and prepare ourselves on the way to success?
First, do what you believe to be right, even if others mock or criticize you for it. Believe in yourself and believe that you can do it in any situations, because if you believe you can, then you really will. The belief keeps you searching for answers, which means that pretty soon you will get them.
Second, govern your behavior based on what other people think. What’s more important, be willing to take risks and go the extra miles to achieve better results, in which case mistakes can not be avoided. Always be ready to admit your mistakes, and learn from them. Next, work hard to settle the problems in order to cover up your mistakes before anyone notices. Building self-confidence is readily achievable, as long as you have the focus and determination to carry things through. And what’s even better is that the things you’ll do to build self-confidence will also build success -- after all, your confidence will come from real, solid achievement. No one can take this away from you!
As you sow, so will you reap. With your perseverance (毅力) and improvement, you are getting closer to success. At this stage, wait for others to give congratulations and compliments on your achievements. “Thanks, I really worked hard on it. I’m pleased you recognize my efforts.” The congratulations and compliments from others will promote you to gain further success.
Self-confidence is extremely important in almost every aspect of our lives, and it is no wonder that so many people struggle to find it. Self-confidence really can be learned and built on. Besides, whether you’re working on your own self-confidence or building the confidence of people around you, it’s well worth the effort!
小题1:Those who are truly confident _______.| A．succeed without effort and hard work | | B．encourage people around to become confident | | C．appear more attractive and thus become successful | | D．gain the confidence of others and feel successful |
小题2:The underlined word “mock” (Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to _______.| A．praise | B．imitate (模仿) | C．punish | D．laugh at |
小题3:When others congratulate us on our achievements, we are supposed to _______.| A．praise them in return | | B．gain further improvement | | C．politely accept the compliments | | D．expect them to congratulate you again |
小题4:Which of the following proverbs (sayings) best goes with Paragraph 4?| A．Look before your leap. | | B．It is no use crying over spilt milk. | | C．Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration. | | D．Learn from past mistakes and avoid future ones. |
小题5:The purpose of the text is to _______.| A．tell people how to become successful | | B．convince people to do what they believe to be right | | C．encourage people to build confidence and achieve success | | D．criticize people who lack confidence and thus fail in their career |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:D
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍了自信的重要性和如何获得自信，鼓励读者要建立自信心，从而获得成功。
小题1:细节理解题。由第一段第3句“inspire confidence in others”可知选B
小题2:词义猜测题。通过“even if”所引导从句的语气和下文 “criticize”, 可推知“即使他人嘲笑和批评你, 也要坚持做你认为是对的事情。” “mock”的意思是“嘲笑”。选D
小题3:细节理解题。由第五段第4、5句(即引号内的句子)可知。要礼貌的接受，选C
小题4:推理判断题。由第四段第3句可知。A选项意思是“三思而行”; B选项意思是“覆水难收”; C选项意思是“天才是1%的灵感和99%的努力”。选D
小题5:主旨大意题。A选项不全面, 忽略了“confidence”与“success”的关系; B选项过于片面, 只涉及第三段的内容, D选项没有把握文章的中心大意和作者的写作意图, 作者并没有批判缺乏自信的人。选C
点评：阅读本文时要注意作者组织本文的结构：引题——论据——论点，只有把握了作者的中心论点，做题时才不会偏离议论中心 |
举一反三
Going to school from 8 am until 5 pm may sound terrible，but Sydney Shaw，a seventh grader at the Alain Locke Charter Academy on Chicago"s West Side，has come to like it—as well as the extra 20 or so days that she"s in class every year．“I"m sure every kid at this school says bad things about the schedule sometimes，”says Sydney, who was at school on Columbus Day, when most Chicago schools had a holiday．“But we all know it"s for our benefit.”
Finding ways to give kids more classroom time，through longer hours，a longer school year，or both，is getting more attention．“If you want to look at schools where the achievement gap is narrowing, they"re saying they couldn"t do it without the added time，”says Jennifer Davis．“Even when you get good teachers into schools，you also need more time．”
According to studies, low-income students fall back more than two months in their reading skills over summer vacations．“It"s over the summer months that poor kids fall behind，”says Karl Alexander，a sociologist．“If you have parents who themselves didn"t succeed at school and aren"t highly educated，kids aren"t going to get those skills at home．”
Schools are asked to take a full year to plan how to best use the extra time—a process involving teachers，principals，students and parents．They are given outside support to help them base their plans on the best available analyses of student needs．It"s still early，but officials are already seeing stronger test scores and a narrowing achievement gap．
But some critics are worried．“We risk producing something that"s very expensive and time-consuming, and that will give educators a lot of trouble，”says Frederick Hess．“Before we spend all that extra money，I"d much rather see if we can figure out how to get 50 percent more instructional time out of the current school day．”
小题1:From the first paragraph，we learn that ．| A．the longer schedule is harmful to kid"s health | | B．all Chicago students had a holiday on Columbus Day | | C．Sydney Shaw supports the added time | | D．few kids are bored with the lack of holidays |
小题2:Low-income students fall behind in summer because ．| A．no good teachers are willing to teach them | | B．they can"t get help from their parents | | C．their parents are unwilling to hire private teachers | | D．they themselves have no desire to learn |
小题3:Some people are worried about adding school hours mainly because ．| A．it will have a bad effect on the kids’ futures | | B．the current school day has been too busy | | C．no one supports the idea | | D．it will be costly and time-consuming |
小题4:The text is mainly about ．| A．whether a longer school day will help narrow the achievement gap | | B．how students have benefited from additional school hours | | C．why the achievement gap among students needs to be narrowed | | D．what causes the achievement gap among students |
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Some students get so nervous before a test, and they do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock has studied these highly anxious test-takers.
Sian Beilock: “They start worrying about the consequences. They might even start worrying about whether this exam is going to prevent them from getting into the college they want. And when we worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources. I talk about it as your cognitive horsepower that you could otherwise be using to focus on the exam.”
Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.
Sian Beilock: “what we think happens is when students put it down on paper , they think about the worst that could happen and they reassess the situation. They might realize it’s not as hard as they might think it was before and, in essence, it prevents these thoughts from popping up when they’re actually taking a test.”
The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short math tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.
The researchers added to the pressure. They told the students that those who did well on the second test would get money. They also told them that their performance would affect other students as part of a team effort.
Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of twelve percent worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of five percent.
Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test.Prefessor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+, compared to a B- for those who did not.
Sian Beilock: “What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, who’d done our writing intervention, all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. Those students most likely to worry were performing just as well as their classmates who don’t normally get nervous in these testing situations.”
But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam or presentation? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.
小题1:What may happen if students have the problem of test anxiety?| A．Test anxiety can improve students’ performance to some degree. | | B．Students’ attention and memory resources run out when worried. | | C．Students may not be admitted into their favorite college if worried | | D．Test anxiety is sure to cause students to fail the test. |
小题2:Which of the following is TRUE?| A．The result in the math test agrees with that in the biology test. | | B．In the first math test, students who sat quietly performed better. | | C．In the second math test, students who wrote about their feelings did worse. | | D．Some college students are highly anxious test-takers while others are not.. |
小题3:What does the underlined phrase “popping up” mean?| A．Giving out | B．Fading away | | C．Becoming clear | D．Appearing suddenly |
小题4:What is the main idea of the passage?| A．It is a common practice for students to get worried before a test. | | B．Being worried before tests does harm to students’ performance. | | C．Anxious students overcome test anxiety by writing down fears. | | D．It is important for students to overcome test anxiety. |
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What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?
We all know that science plays an important role in our societies. However, many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first aspect is the application of the machines, products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. The second is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.
What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation, and looks for relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.
He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and uses the facts he observes to the fullest. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum(光谱).
He does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available. He rejects authority as the only basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively.
Furthermore, he does not readily accept his own idea, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.
Lastly, he is full of imagination since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place.
These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.
小题1:Many people believe that science helps society to progress through_________| A．knowledge only. | B．more than one aspect. | | C．technology only. | D．the use of machines. |
小题2:Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is TRUE?| A．He doesn’t find confidence and pleasure in work. | | B．He is interested in problems that are explained. | | C．He makes efforts to investigate potential connections. | | D．He looks for new ways of acting. |
小题3:According to the passage, a successful scientist would NOT_______________.| A．easily believe in unchecked statements. | | B．easily criticize others" research work. | | C．always use his imagination in work. | | D．always use evidence from observation. |
小题4:Which word can be used to describe the data that a good scientist uses?| A．complete | B．objective | C．complicated | D．accurate |
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When you think of all the ways your body can get hurt---falling off a bike, stepping on a nail, being bitten by a crazed dog---the aches and pains that come from sitting at a computer may not seem like much.
But more doctors are getting worried about just that. If you sit at a PC the wrong way, the nerves and muscles in your back, neck and arms can get out of line.
Ergonomics is the study of how people work and how jobs and equipment can be designed so that people are safer and more comfortable in the things they do---whether that’s working on a factory assembly line or sitting in front of a computer.
The monitor
You should not have to tilt（倾斜） your neck up or down to lock at the screen. Your eyes should be level with the top of the screen.
How far away should you sit? Reach your arm out so your fingertips just touch the screen.
The keyboard
It should be directly in front of you. Don’t unfold the legs on the bottom of the keyboard so that it tilts up toward you---it should be as flat as possible, or even tilted away from you. You want your wrists “neutral,” which means straight, not bent. This puts less strain on your nerves and muscles.
Arms should be close to the body. Don’t look at your fingers as you type. Use a document holder to hold papers at the same level as the monitor. Keep the mouse on the same level as the keyboard and close by--- so you don’t have to reach for it.
The chair
Your feet shouldn’t dangle---the blood will pool in your feet. They should rest flat on the floor, or on phone books, if necessary. Your back needs support. Roll up a towel and stick it there.
The Body
If you think of your body as a collection of right angles when you sit at a computer, you should be just fine.
Your hips should be at a 90-degree angle to your back. That takes the pressure off the spine. And your knees should bend at a 90 degree angle so your feet are flat.
小题1:The passage mainly talks about .| A．avoiding pains caused by using PC | B．the science of ergonomics | | C．illness caused by a computer | D．how to keep fit |
小题2:The underlined word “ergonomics” most probably means ______ in Chinese. 小题3:How high should a monitor be placed according to the passage?| A．As high as your arms. | | B．A little higher than your eyes. | | C．A little lower than your eyes. | | D．At the same level as your eyes. |
小题4:How shouldn’t a keyboard be placed?| A．Tilting away from you. | B．Tilting up toward you. | | C．Flat. | D．Not mentioned. |
小题5:How should you place your foot?| A．Rest them on a phone book. | B．Rest them on the floor. | | C．They should rest flat. | D．They should dangle. |
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One period of our lives when better results are demanded of us is, strangely enough, childhood. Despite being young we are expected to achieve good grades, stay out of trouble, make friends at school, do well on tests, perform chores (杂务)at home and so on. It’s not easy.
Likeable children enjoy many advantages, including the ability to deal more easily with stresses of growing up.In her book Understanding Child Stress, Dr. Carolyn Leonard states that children who are likeable and optimistic are able to gain support from others. This leads to focus and resilience（适应力）, the ability to recover from or adjust early to life stress. Much research shows that resilience has enabled children to succeed in school, avoid drug abuse, and develop a healthy self-awareness(自我意识).
Why does a likeable child more easily handle stress and do better in his or her life? Because likeability helps create what’s known as a positive feedback loop(回馈圈). The positive feelings you want to see in other people are returned to you, creating constant encouragement and motivation to deal with the daily stress of life.
This feedback loop continues into adulthood. To return once again to the example of teaching, learning becomes easier with a likeable personality. Michael Delucchi of the University of Hawaii reviewed dozens of studies to determine if likeable teachers received good ratings because of their likeability or because they in fact taught well. Delucchi found that “Students who perceive(察觉) a teacher as likeable, in contrast to(比照) those who do not, may be more attentive to the information that the teacher delivers and they’ll work harder on assignments, and they will learn more.”
You may have noticed this pattern in your own life when you try to give some advice. The more positive your relationship with that person, the more he or she seems to listen, and the more you feel certain that that person has heard you and intends to act on your words.
小题1:The writer implies in the first paragraph that __________.| A．life is not easy for every one of us | | B．children are expected much than we usually think | | C．better education results in smarter children | | D．to be a likable child is almost impossible |
小题2:According to Dr. Leonard, likeable children __________.| A．will work harder on assignments and learn more | | B．can deal more easily with stress independently | | C．can achieve more and understand themselves better | | D．are always optimistic and ready to help those in need |
小题3:The main purpose of the studies done by Michael Delucchi is to find __________.| A．how a likeable teacher’s teaching style is formed | | B．how a teacher’s likeability gains popularity | | C．if a likeable teacher draws more attention | | D．if a likeable teacher has a positive personality |
小题4:The passage aims at proving that __________.| A．likeable people give better advice | | B．likeable people do better in their childhood | | C．social creatures enjoy more advantages | | D．likeable people do better in life generally |
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