阅读理解。 What is a flood and where does it happen

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阅读理解。                                   What is a flood and where does it happen?
     A flood happens when water pours over dry land.Floods can cause very big damage
when they happen unexpectedly.
     Heavy rain can cause floods.If a lot of rain falls quickly,the earth is unable to soak (吸入)
it up,and the water builds up on the ground.When it runs off into the rivers,the rivers overflow
their banks.
     The worst floods happen where the land is flat and low－lying.These areas are known
as floodplains.
                              What should I know if I live on a flood plain?
     "Stay away from flood water."
     Do not walk through moving water.It can knock you off your feet.If you must walk
through water,walk where the water is not moving.Use a stick to test the ground in front
of you."Stay away from power lines that are on the ground.You could be electrocuted (电死)．"
     If you are scared,share your fears with an adult.Floods can be scary,but remember-the
water ALWAYS goes away!
                             What should I do if a flood happens?
     1．Get to the meeting spot with your family.
     2．Try to get to higher ground.
     3．If you can not leave,get to a higher area in your home.
     4．Listen to your family and follow all instructions carefully.
                           What dangers does a flood lead to?
     Floods can lead to electrocution from down power lines,angry dangerous animals coming
out,drowning from high water levels or flash floods,as well as many other things.1．A flood often happens except________.A．when it rains heavily
B．when it hardly ever rains
C．where the land is flat
D．where the land is low－lying2．You shouldn"t walk through moving water because________.A．you may lose your shoes
B．it may make you fall over
C．you may drink some dirty water
D．some fish can make you fall over3．By saying "the water ALWAYS goes away" the author means________.A．you needn"t be afraid of floods
B．it is common for floods to happen
C．water can"t be stopped from flowing
D．you should pay close attention to floods4．Which of the following is not true according to the passage?A．A flood may cause very big damage if they happen without warning.
B．If a flood happens,you should get to the meeting spot with your family.
C．If a flood happens,you should not go to a higher ground immediately.
D．If a flood happens,it can lead to electrocution from down power lines5．We can infer from the passage that during a flood________.A．gas should be cut off as soon as possible
B．running away is a good way to save yourself
C．people are more likely to be attacked by animals
D．adults should try to persuade children to keep silent

答案

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举一反三

阅读理解     People turn to magic (魔力) chiefly as a form of insurance-that is, they use it along with actions that
actually bring results.For example, hunters may use a hunting charm (咒语). But they also use their
hunting skills and knowledge of animals. The charm may give hunters the extra confidence they need to
hunt even more successfully than they would without it.If they shoot a lot of game (猎物), they credit
the charm for their success. Many events happen naturally without magic. Crops grow without it, and
sick people get well without it.But if people use magic to bring a good harvest or to cure a patient, they
may believe the magic was responsible.
     People also tend to forget magic"s failures and to be impressed by its surface successes. They may
consider magic successful if it appears to work only 10 per cent of the time. Even when magic fails,
people often explain the failure without doubting the power of the magic. They may say that the magician
made a mistake in reciting the spell or that another magician cast a more powerful spell against the
magician.
     Many anthropologists (人类学家) believe that people have faith in magic because they feel a need to
believe in it. People may turn to magic to reduce their fear and uncertainty if they feel they have no
control over the outcome of a situation. For example, farmers use knowledge and skill when they plant
their fields. But they know that weather, insects, or diseases might ruin the crops. So farmers in some
societies may also plant a charm or perform a magic rite to ensure a good harvest.1. From the passage, we can learn that the writer of the passage may be________.A. a hunter
B. a farmer
C. a magician
D. an anthropologist2. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Magic and Hunting
B. Magic and Farming
C. Why Magic Works?
D. Why People Believe in Magic?3. The underlined word "spell"( Paragraph 2 ) most likely means________.A. magic words
B. magic events
C. words or expressions
D. magicians4. People believe in magic because________.A. magic powers are greater than natural powers
B. magic can turn dreams into reality
C. they are not sure of themselves
D. magic can bring good results5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Even though magic fails, believers in magic will explain the reason.
B. Believers in magic usually overstate the power of magic.
C. People use magic to reduce their uncertainty and give them extra confidence.
D. Magic can solve problems people can"t deal with in a natural way.

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阅读理解     Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men"s hearts go into rapid decline(下降) when they reach middle age.
    The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women"s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.
     "We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of
age," said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.
     "Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70,
one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men," said Goldspink. "This is part of the ageing
process."
     What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy
70-year-old woman"s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one"s. "This gender( 性别)
difference might just explain why women live longer than men," said Goldspink. They studied more than
250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the
confusing influence of disease. "The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart," said Goldspink.
     The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink
stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age. 1. The underlined word "longevity" in the second paragraph probably refers to "________".A. health
B. ageing
C. long life
D. effect2. The text mainly talks about ________.A. men"s heart cells
B. women"s ageing process
C. the gender difference
D. hearts and long life3. According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ________.A. women have more cells than men when they are born
B. women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat
C. the female heart loses few of the cells with age
D. women never lose their pumping power with age4. If you want to live longer, you should ________.A. exercise regularly to keep your heart healthy
B. find out the reason for ageing
C. enable your heart to beat much faster
D. prevent your cells from being lost5. We can know from the passage that ________.A. the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out
B. scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells
C. the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss
D. women over 70 could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20

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阅读下面的短文,请根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的词数要求).     [1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different
opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than
in others. What"s more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop-a phenomenon known as the "Flynn
effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect,
including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the
University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to
infectious-disease rates.
     [2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human
body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn"s energy. It"s clear that if something
affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child"s body-and therefore brain-is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development________________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional
intake. They can rob the body"s cells for their own reproduction. And then there"s the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
     [3]Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average
intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease
burdens top the IQ list.
     [4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing
variation in national intelligence scores.1. What is the main idea of the text?(no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________2. Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list. 3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
___________                                                                _________________________________ 4. What can cause intelligence difference?(no more than 8 words)
____________________________________________________________________________5. What does the word "they" (Line2, paragraph3)probably refer to? (no more than 8 words)
____________________________________________________________________________

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阅读理解     The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People
with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in
order to find solutions to the problem.
     As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. Therefore, even with
today"s relatively high standard of living, about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below
the poverty line.However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of
living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs.
     For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over
40 percent of the poor people are children.By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many
industries. A large number of poor people are old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years
old, the normal retirement age.
     Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not
have any motivation, they have family problems, or they do not believe that they can find a job.
     Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school.
Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer.
     At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways.
First, if the national economy grows, businesses and industries hire more workers.Some of the poor who
are qualified to look for jobs may find employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line.
Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive.If the government spends
money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer.
Then it is more likely that they can find jobs.
     Finally, if the government distributes society"s income differently, it raises some poor people above
the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non－poor and gives money to the poor. These
payments to the poor are called welfare. In 1975 over 18 million people in the United States received
welfare.
    Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present
time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.1. The author"s main purpose to write this article is________.A. to define what the poverty line is
B. to explain why some people live the poverty line
C. to find solutions to the problem of poverty
D. to show sympathy for those poor people2. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Ten percent of the Americans live a poor life.
B. Poor people are those who live below the poverty line.
C. The poverty line rises as the general standard of living rises.
D. The poverty line tends to be at the same level.3. More than 40 percent of the poor people are children. This is mainly because________.A. they do not have enough motivation
B. they are so young that they don’t have the right to work
C. they fail to get enough education
D. they are very poor in health4. Most of the American poor people are not qualified for employment because________.A. they do not have any motivation to work
B. they are not very self－confident
C. they are too young or too old to work
D. they have physical and family problems5. We may concluded from the passage that________.A. better solutions to the poverty problem are not yet found
B. welfare will enable them to be rich
C. poor people are sure to go out of the poverty line if they have chances to do business
D. employment is the best solution to the poverty problem

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阅读理解。     Bridge of Hope School is a private school. It was set up in Kalangala about two years
ago.Unlike government schools, which have very large classes of 90 children , many of
whom do not want to learn, Bridge has small classes, so pupils get a great deal of attention.
Small classes are good for teaching, but the school is always having difficulty with money
since private schools are dependent on parents paying on time.
     The school has five primary classes and three nursery classes(幼儿班). As the children
progress through the school they will add another class next year. The total number of children
in the primary is about 50. The parents of Bridge children are often higher earners than those
that attend government schools. They want their children to have the best education available.
     The school is not yet finished. The classrooms have no windows or doors. But it is very
formal and insists on children wearing uniforms(制服).Discipline is strict and the children are
well-behaved. Only English may be spoken and not the local language. Although English is
the national language and the language of education, government schools teach in their own
language for the first three years.
     School starts at 7 am and the children have to be on time. Classes are formal, but children
have to copy lots of things from the blackboard, because there are few textbooks, sometimes
only one for the teacher to use. Class work is heavy and the children have tests every week.
They also study during the holiday.1. Parents send their children to Bridge of Hope School because they______.A. think the school environment is better there
B. hope their children get the best education
C. want their children to be different
D. have no time to take care of their children2. What can we learn about government schools?______A. The classes consist of a large number of students.
B. Teachers don"t speak English in class.
C. Children always work very hard.
D. It is free for children to attend them.3. Which of following is TRUE about Bridge of Hope School according to the text?______A. Children can wear what they like there.
B. Textbooks are not needed.
C. Lessons are given in the local language there.
D. Life there is not easy for children.4. The purpose of the writer in writing his passage is to_______.A. list differences between a private and a government school in Uganda
B. introduce a private school-Bridge of Hope School in Kalangala
C. tell the history of the private schools in Uganda
D. show education development in Kalangala

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