阅读理解。 Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something
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| 阅读理解。 |
Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fisher-the shark (鲨鱼).
Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms.
Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark"s ability to sense pressure. If her studies
prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of sharks to predict bad weather.
Miss Smith had previously studied the behavior of lemon sharks in the Bahamas. She then used their
close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further research at Aberdeen University.
Her work-thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory-resulted from the observation
that juvenile black tip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.
Miss Smith said, "I"ve always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an interest in
sharks." "I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there"s so much
more we need to understand-but it certainly opens the way to more research."
It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system. At the Bimini
Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature,
while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.
In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal (潮汐的) and temperature changes on dogfish-
none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic(模拟) oceanic pressure changes
caused by weather fronts.
She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job which
will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research. |
| 1. The passage is most probably taken from _____. |
| [ ] |
A. a short-story collection
B. a popular science magazine
C. a research paper
D. a personal diary |
| 2. What do we learn from the first two paragraphs of the passage? |
| [ ] |
A. Sharks may be used to predict bad weather.
B. Sharks" behavior can be controlled.
C. Michael Fish is not qualified for his job.
D. Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster. |
| 3. Lauren Smith conducted her research by _____. |
| [ ] |
A. removing hair cells from a shark"s balance system
B. measuring the air pressure of weather fronts
C. recording sharks" body temperature
D. monitoring sharks" reaction to weather changes |
| 4. What is the passage mainly about? |
| [ ] |
A. A popular way of forecasting weather.
B. A new research effort in predicting storms.
C. Biologists" interest in the secrets of sharks.
D. Lauren Smith"s devotion to scientific research. |
答案
| 1-4: BADB |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by
testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in
the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive.
Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it"s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday
communication with friends and co-workers.
Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even
when it is little more than hearsay and rumor (谣言).
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn"t show
it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers
it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message
word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original
message has changed.
That"s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes
the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a
story, trying to improve on it, stamping (打上标记) it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it
think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-
stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless
it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the
interpretation he placed upon those facts. |
| 1. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _____. |
| [ ] |
A. doing a medical experiment
B. solving a math problem
C. visiting an exhibition
D. doing scientific reasoning |
| 2. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refers to _____. |
| [ ] |
A. active learning
B. knowledge
C. communication
D. passive learning |
| 3. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____. |
| [ ] |
A. a message may be changed when being passed on
B. a message should be delivered in different ways
C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing
D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor |
| 4. What can we infer from the passage? |
| [ ] |
A. Active learning is less important.
B. Passive learning may not be reliable.
C. Active learning occurs more frequently.
D. Passive learning is not found among scholars. |
| 阅读理解。 |
It is natural that children are curious (好奇的) about the world around them. For example, they want to
know how their hearts beat. They want to know why the ocean water tastes salty.
As children grow up, they become curious about different kinds of things. When they are babies, they
are interested in the parts of their bodies and in the smiles of their mothers. They become interested in the
physical world around them: the plants, the animals, the sky. Later, they become interested in the things that
people have made: wheels, bicycles, cars. And when they are adults, their curiosity continues. Sometimes this
curiosity leads to a career (生涯、职业) in science.
Scientists spend their lives trying to find out about the world. Those who work with the earth sciences
study the earth, the oceans, and the sky. Other scientists who study living things work with the biological
sciences. A third group of scientists study the physical sciences, e.g. physics, chemistry.
These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world. For example, they tell us why your heart
beats fast when you run. They say that when you are quiet, your heart normally beats sixty-five or seventy-
five times a minute. Your heart is a pump (泵) that pumps blood to all parts of the body. The blood carries
oxygen and nutrition. When you run, your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition that the blood carries
to them. The muscles need oxygen, too. So your brain sends a signal to the heart. The signal means that the
muscles need more nutrition and oxygen. Then the heart beats fast and sends blood quickly to the muscles.
It may beat 90 to 140 times a minute.
Of course, scientists cannot answer all of our questions. If we ask, "Why does the ocean water taste
salty" scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks. When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks.
Rain falls into cracks. The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers. The rivers carry the salt
into the ocean. But then we ask, "What happens to the salt in the ocean? The ocean does not get saltier every
year." Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question.
We know a lot about our world, but there are still many answers that we do not have, and we are curious. |
| 1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? |
| [ ] |
A. People are curious in the same way.
B. People in different countries are interested in different things.
C. Men and women are curious about different things.
D. People of different ages are interested in different things |
| 2. Scientists who work with the biological sciences study ____. |
| [ ] |
A. the earth, the oceans and the sky
B. man-made things
C. plants and animals
D. ocean water |
| 3. When you run, your muscles need ____. |
| [ ] |
A. more nutrition and oxygen
B. more signals
C. more salt
D. water |
| 4. People are always curious because ____. |
| [ ] |
A. they cannot explain many things
B. they know nothing about the world
C. they know little about the world
D. they want to be scientists |
| 阅读理解。 |
We are so used to having a cup of tea before heading off to work, during work or after getting back
from work. Tea breaks are more like a custom that takes place regularly several times a day. This tea break
tradition has been happening during the past 200 years or so. Tea just happens to be a wonderful drink for
most of us. The day simply feels incomplete without a hot cup of tea. However, is tea good for you?
In 2006, the papers were flooded with the news of research showing that drinking 2-3 cups of tea a day
is as beneficial as drinking water, with even some additional health benefits. Another report published in
November 2009, stated that drinking up to eight cups of tea a day is good for you. The research conducted
by nutrition expert Dr. Carrie Ruxton, debunked (揭示…的真相) the popular stories about caffeinated (含咖
啡因的) drinks like tea, coffee and cocoa. According to Dr. Ruxton, the caffeine present in tea tends to lower
the risk of heart attacks and strokes. She says that drinking 8 cups of tea a day gives the drinkers "the best
levels of health-giving substances" present in tea and other caffeinated drinks.
Contrary to popular belief that tea does not contain more caffeine than coffee, it actually contains almost
half the amount. Caffeine is a natural thing found in many types of food and drink. It"s also something that
can give you a much needed lift for a demanding and tiring afternoon ahead. Research shows that proper
amounts of caffeine are safe for most people.
So why not take full advantage of your tea breaks at work, or make time for afternoon tea while out
shopping at the weekend? And remember that tea is not just a great drink, but it helps to keep you looking and
feeling healthy. |
| 1. What is mainly talked about in the first paragraph? |
| [ ] |
A. The types of tea.
B. The tea custom.
C. How to drink tea.
D. When to drink tea. |
| 2. Reports in the newspapers show that ____. |
| [ ] |
A. drinking tea is a healthy habit
B. new ways of drinking tea appear
C. drinking tea is harmful to health
D. people don"t like to drink tea any more |
| 3. Caffeine in tea ____. |
| [ ] |
A. can make you energetic
B. gives you a good rest
C. may cause heart attacks
D. is more than that in coffee |
| 4. What would be the best title for the passage? |
| [ ] |
A. Tea and disease
B. Tea-a healthy drink
C. Tea, coffee and cocoa
D. Drink tea or coffee |
| 阅读理解。 |
Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants
can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight.
Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. Therefore animals and man need plants in order to
live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us. If you look carefully at the plants around
you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Flowering
plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two,
three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without
seeds is the banana fruit. Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores (胚芽).
Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores
are quite the same as seeds. When these spores are all on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new
plants. |
| 1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that _____. |
[ ] |
A. plants are important for life
B. plants cannot grow without air
C. there are many plants in the world
D. we can not live without water |
| 2. Plants can make food from _____. |
[ ] |
A. flower, water and air
B. water, sunlight and air
C. air, water and soil
D. air, sun and light |
| 3. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? |
[ ] |
A. Of all living things animals are most important
B. Spores are seeds
C. All fruits of flowering plants have seeds
D. Without plants, man will die out |
| 4. This passage may be taken from _____. |
[ ] |
A. a medicine book
B. a novel
C. a science magazine
D. an experiment report |
| 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 |
The Seven Cs of a Good Letter
What is the secret of writing a good letter? Here are two main points. Don"t try to be fancy (花哨).
Don"t try to impress your reader. You will be successful if you follow these seven Cs.
Clear. Use short, direct sentences. 1_____ Long and difficult sentences won"t help express yourself
clearly. Write the letter as if the reader were right there with you. Above all, don"t use an introduction.
Correct. 2_____. Don"t guess, even for spelling. Refer to your dictionary. If you need to, check a
reference (参考) book too. Use them as much as you need to.
Complete. Don"t scatter (分散) your points. 3_____. This is good organization too.
Courteous. Be polite and friendly rather than overly casual. Give your information nicely even if you
are complaining about something. In all letters, treat others as you want them to treat you.
Concise. Make each point as clearly and briefly as you can.
Conversational. This informal style of conversation is really the secret of good writing. 4_____. Such
a letter has a natural, friendly tone (语气). Let your personality come through naturally.
Considerate. 5_____ Write about what the reader needs or wants to know. Try to be helpful. This will
build good feeling to you.
The seven Cs are about writing letters. But how about school papers? Use the seven Cs too. Write as
if you were talking to your teacher or professor. You"ll be surprised. You"ll almost immediately become a
good writer. And you might even enjoy writing from now on. |
A. Just "talk" to the person.
B. Think of the reader"s point of view.
C. Make them easy to understand.
D. Include long sentences in your letter.
E. Make sure what you say is correct.
F. Writing shouldn"t be taken too seriously.
G. Finish one point completely before going on to the next. |
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