“When I grow up, I want to be...”Almost all of us have thought about, or been as
题型：不详难度：来源：
“When I grow up, I want to be...”
Almost all of us have thought about, or been asked to think about, our future careers. Our answers may differ greatly. Even now your aspirations may have changed from when you were in primary school.
However, it seems career options aren’t only based on personal taste. In a survey carried out by Teens, doctors, lawyers, and bankers were some of most popular careers that people said they hoped to follow. This is in line with a similar survey carried out in the UK in May 2011 by job website monster. Co.uk, in which medicine was the top choice among UK teenagers aged between 13 and 17.
Medicine and law are two of the oldest and best known professions. Their prestige (威望) may come from the fact that doctors and lawyers are some of the most esteemed members of society, and they make good money. Joining these high-profile professions is often seen as a sign of upward social mobility.
It is equally unsurprising that banking is now one of the most common career choices. Youngsters worldwide think of banking and see the money rolling in. Wealth is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career. British young men list the UK tycoon Alan Sugar, Microsoft founder Bill Gates and Facebook chief Mark Zuckerberg as their top role models “for their wealth”. Just as Chinese teenagers see being a banker as a good and fun pathway to “wealth”.
However, not every child has the makings of doctor, lawyer, or banker. They are those who see fulfillment and happiness in other areas, and many teenagers dare to ink more individuality into their career options. As the Teens’ survey discovered, a variety of unconventional jobs---coffee shop owner, gourmet(美食家)，waiter at a fast food restaurant---are among teenagers’ career choices. They can be equally interesting and rewarding jobs.
With every choice comes responsibility and challenge, and all career paths require specific education and training, you have to learn to balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?| A．Careers in teenagers’ mind. | | B．Choosing a good job is very important. | | C．Teenagers in the UK like doctors. | | D．The choice of career needs challenge. |
小题2:What is the top career choice among UK teenagers aged between 13 and 17 according to the article?| A．Medicine | B．Law | C．Bank | D．Education |
小题3:According to the article, all of the following are the benefits of being a doctor except_______.| A．respect from others | B．the oldest profession | | C．high pay | D．upward social mobility. |
小题4:What do youngsters think is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career?| A．Prestige | B．Fulfillment | C．Happiness | D．Wealth |
小题5:What can we learn from the last paragraph?| A．According to your particular talents and skills, you can choose your favorite career. | | B．Specific education and training can help get a good job. | | C．Whatever career you choose, you should balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills. | | D．Responsibility is the most important when you choose a good job. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:D
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：文章大意：这是一篇议论文，文章通过对青少年的调查发现他们最喜欢的职业医生，律师和银行家，文章主要提到中国和英国的青少年。
小题1:主旨题：从第三段的句子：However, it seems career options aren’t only based on personal taste. In a survey carried out by Teens, doctors, lawyers, and bankers were some of most popular careers that people said they hoped to follow.可知文章介绍的年轻人想要的职业。选A
小题2:细节题：从第三段的句子：This is in line with a similar survey carried out in the UK in May 2011 by job website monster. Co.uk, in which medicine was the top choice among UK teenagers aged between 13 and 17. 可知英国13到17岁的年轻人最想做的工作是医学领域。选A
小题3:细节题：从第四段的句子：Their prestige (威望) may come from the fact that doctors and lawyers are some of the most esteemed members of society, and they make good money. Joining these high-profile professions is often seen as a sign of upward social mobility. 可知受别人尊敬，高报酬和社会地位高都是医生的优势，B在本段提到了，但不是优势。选B
小题4:细节题：从第五段的句子：Wealth is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career.可知财富越来越成为成功工作的重要标志之一。选D
小题5:细节题：从最后一段的句子：you have to learn to balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills.可知不管做什么工作，应该通过意识自己的才能来平衡自己的乐观和自信。选C |
举一反三
I’m not so sure I like my friends any more. I used to like them-to be honest. We’d have lunch, talk on the phone or exchange emails, and they all seemed normal enough. But then came Face Book, and I was introduced to a sad fact: many of my friends have dark sides that they had kept from me.
Today my friends show off the more unpleasant aspects of their personalities via FaceBook. No longer hidden, they’re thrown in my face like TV commercials -unavoidable and endless advertisements for the worst of their personalities.
Take Fred. If you were to have lunch with him, you’d find him warm, and self-effacing（谦逊的）.Read his FaceBook and you’ll realize he’s an unbearable, food-obsessed boring man. He’d pause to have a cup of coffee on his way to save a drowning man-and then write about it.
Take Andy. You won’t find a smarter CEO anywhere, but now he’s a CEO without a company to run. So he plays Mafia Wars on FaceBook. He’s doing well-level 731. Thanks to FaceBook, I know he’s playing about 18 hours a day. Andy, you’ve run four companies-and this is how you spend your downtime? What happned to golf?What happened to getting another job?
Take Liz. She is positive that the flu vaccine will kill us all and that we should avoid it. And then comes Chris who likes to post at least 20 times a day on every website he can find, so I get to read his thoughts twice, once on FaceBook and once on Twitter.
In real life, I don’t see these sides of people. Face to face, my friends show me their best. They’re nice, smart people. But face to FaceBook, my friends is like a blind date which goes horribly wrong.
I’m left with a dilemma. Who is my real friend?Is it the Liz I have lunch with or the anti-vaccine madman on FaceBook? Is it the Fred I can grab a sandwich with or the Fred who weeps if he’s at a party and the wine isn’t up to his standard?
小题1: Who is opposed to the flu vaccine in the text?小题2:What’s Andy probably busy in doing now?| A．He’s running his company | | B．He’s playing golf all day | | C．He’s looking for another job | | D．He’s playing computer games |
小题3:According to the text, FaceBook tends to _______. | A．present another side of people | | B．offer some foods for free | | C．show endless advertisements | | D．get you to more parties |
小题4:The text is developed mainly by _____. | A．giving examples | B．following the time order | | C．listing figures | D．raising questions |
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Loren Gladstone of Toronto is 58, but thinking over how to bequeath (遗赠) his digital property(财产). Doing the paperwork after his parents" death was a challenge. “When my time comes, I wonder if my children will even know what paper is，” he says. As a software developer, his virtual property is both valuable and vital to his business. That reflects a problem. Online lives have increasing economic and emotional value. But testamentary (遗嘱) laws offer confusing and incomplete ways of bequeathing and inheriting (继承) them.
Digital property may include software, websites, downloaded content, online gaming identities, social-media accounts and even e-mails. In Britain alone holdings of digital music may be worth over ￡9 billion ($14 billion). A fifth of respondents to a Chinese local-newspaper survey said they had over 5，000 yuan($790) of digital property. And value does not lie only in money.“Anyone with kids under 14 years old probably has two prints of them and the rest are in online galleries，”says Nathan Lustig of Entrustet, a company that helps people manage digital property.
Service providers have different rules—and few state them clearly in their terms and conditions. Many give users a personal right to use an account, but nobody else, even after death. Facebook allows relatives to close an account or turn it into a memorial page. Gmail (run by Google) will provide copies of e-mails to an executor (遗嘱执行人). Music downloaded via iTunes is held under a license which can be abolished on death. Apple declined to comment on the record on this or other policies. All e-mail and data on its iCloud service are deleted on the death of the owner.
This has led to cases to court in America. In 2004 the family of Justin Ellsworth, an army man killed in Iraq, took Yahoo! to court in Michigan to get copies of his e-mails. This year, a court in Oregon ruled that another American mother whose son had died could use her dead son"s password to enter his Facebook account for a short period. Now five American states have made laws giving executors control over the social-networking accounts of dead users.
But this raises the subject of privacy. Passing music on is one thing; not everyone may want their relatives to read their e-mails. Colin Pearson, a London-based lawyer, says access should come only with a clear provision in a will.
But laws, wills and password safes may be contrary to the providers" terms of service, especially when the executor is in one country and the data in another. Headaches for the living and lots of lovely work for lawyers.
小题1:Why does Loren begin to think over how to bequeath his digital property at the age of 58?| A．Because he is afraid his children don"t know what paper is. | | B．Because there"s no complete law dealing with digital property. | | C．Because his digital property is of great value and importance. | | D．Because he is worried his children will be taken to court. |
小题2:Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?| A．Digital property is assessed in terms of nothing except money. | | B．No laws in America have been made to deal with digital property. | | C．The relatives may read the e－mail of the dead without permission. | | D．Lawyers can make money through cases about digital property. |
小题3:Facebook, Google and Apple have a similar rule that ________．| A．users are offered accounts used by nobody else except users themselves | | B．relatives of the dead may close an account or use it at their own will | | C．the executor may enter the e－mail and read it by themselves at any time | | D．the data downloaded by the dead will be copied and then deleted from net |
小题4:Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?| A．Digital Information | B．Testamentary Laws | | C．Deathless Data | D．Vital Property |
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Pretending to be happy can actually make you more miserable — especially if you’re a woman, according to a new study.
The research found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy. Psychologist Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can backfire. He said, “Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional exhaustion, and that’s bad for the organization.”
Dr. Scott said the research showed customer-service workers who “fake smile” throughout the day worsen their mood and then withdraw from work, so their productivity drops. He added, “Bosses may think that getting their staff to smile is good for the organization, but that’s not necessarily the case.” Dr. Scott, assistant professor of management at Michigan State University, analyzed a group of bus drivers during a two- week period.
The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional displays over a period of time and compare the different effect that has on men and women. His team examined the effects of surface acting — or fake smiling — compared to what was termed “deep acting”, or cultivating(培养) positive emotions by recalling pleasant memories.
Dr. Scott said, “Women are harmed more by surface acting, meaning their mood worsens even more than the men and they withdraw more from work. However, they are helped more by deep acting, which means their mood improves more.”
Although “deep acting” seems to improve mood in the short-term, Dr. Scott said it’s not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy.
He said, “You’re trying to cultivate positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself anymore.”
小题1:What does the underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．Have the opposite effect. | B．Lead to conflict. | | C．Drive people mad. | D．Help a lot. |
小题2:What can we learn from the passage?| A．Surface acting is good for organizations. | | B．Men benefit more from deep acting than women. | | C．Fake smiling causes more harm to women than men. | | D．Recalling good memories is a long-term solution to feeling down. |
小题3:The findings of the research might serve as a warning to _______.| A．employees | B．employers | C．researchers | D．customers. |
小题4: What would be the best title for the passage?| A．Solution to feeling unhappy | | B．How to cultivate positive emotions | | C．How to improve workers’ productivity | | D．Fake smiling makes you miserable |
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At one time it was the dream of many little girls to become a nurse. Today, however, America is facing its worst nurse shortage since World War I. Recently about 2,000,000 nurses are needed and 60 percent of all hospitals in the US have shortages, large enough to threaten the quality of care provided. The demand for nurses spreads widely throughout the nursing field.
What has become of these women in white? The answer lies in not one but several causes. One possibility is the fact that women have greater career options. In the past, women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices: nursing or teaching. Today, more women than ever are in the workforce, but their options have greatly increased. There are women doctors, lawyers, firefighters and police officers. In fact, women today are found in nearly every field of work. Nursing has been left behind, as women move on to jobs with higher pay and greater status. A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as“merely a nurse”. Teachers many be also at fault. Many high school students are actually away from nursing, told by teachers that they are“too bright to be a nurse”.
Americans are living longer than ever and requiring more medical attention. In fact, the number of elderly patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years. Obviously a larger population requires more nurses. AIDS and other diseases have caused more and more people to need nursing care. Usually fatal (致命的) diseases mean long hospital stay, that is to say, more nurses are needed to care for these patients. It is estimated that the demand for nurses will be doubled the supply in the coming ten years.
小题1:What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?| A．How nurses have been looked down upon. | | B．Why women have chosen many different jobs. | | C．What has caused nurse shortage. | | D．How teachers have influenced their students. |
小题2:The Passage tells that high school teachers are at fault for .| A．not mentioning the worst nurse shortage in the US | | B．introducing jobs with higher pay and greater status to their students | | C．not asking the government to raise the nurses’ payment | | D．persuading the students not to be nurses |
小题3:The author writes the Passage in order to .| A．describe the unequal treatment of women in the US | | B．warn people to pay more attention to the nursing problem | | C．tell us women’s free choices of jobs today | | D．call on women to choose different kinds of jobs |
小题4:It can be inferred from the Passage that .| A．high school students think themselves too bright to be nurses | | B．women in the US have greater career choices than those in other countries | | C．of all the hospitals in the world 60 percent more nurses are badly needed | | D．nursing used to be a popular job among women |
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Turns out we aren’t good at walking and talking at the same time, according to a study of pedestrians （行人） on their cell phones．
Nearly one-third of pedestrians （29．8% ） were distracted （分散注意力） by their mobile devices while crossing the street, say researchers of a study published online in the journal Injury Prevention．
Just as drivers who text, talk on cell phones, or adjust MP3 players increase their risk of losing control of their vehicles, pedestrians distracted by their conversations or their devices also put themselves at higher risk of getting into an accident．
During the summer of 2012, scientists in Seattle, Wash． , studied 1,102 pedestrians at 20 crossroads seeing the city * s highest number of pedestrian injuries over the past few years．
They watched how pedestrians crossed the street @ whether they looked both ways or obeyed the crossroad signal @ and also recorded how long it took pedestrians to do so．Distractions included listening to music with headphones, using a cell phone or earpiece to talk on a cell phone, text messaging, and talking with another person．
Overall, researchers found the most common distraction among pedestrians was listening to music （11．2%）, followed by text messaging （7．3%）, and using a handheld phone（6．2%）． But the most absorbing distraction was texting． Compared to pedestrians who were not distracted, those who were texting took 1．87 seconds longer to cross and were four times more likely to not look where they were going, disobey traffic lights, or cross outside of the crosswalk． While the study did not track injuries related to these trends, previous studies have linked such activities to a higher risk of being injured while crossing the street．
Combined with the rise in the use of mobile devices, especially smart phones, the results raise concerns that multi-tasking while walking may be a rising concern for pedestrians． And that danger may only climb, as the number of wireless devices has already exceeded the population of the United States． Last year, roughly 1,152 people wound up in the emergency room to treat injuries caused by using a cell phone or electronic device, the Consumer Product Safety Commission told the Associated Press in July． Those numbers may be underestimated, however, because patients may not always admit that they were using their phones along with other activities such as walking or driving when they were hurt．
小题1:The scientists did their study at the 20 crossroads in order to _____．| A．attract more attention | B．see more injuries | | C．record more samples | D．find more pedestrians |
小题2:According to the research, while crossing the street the most dangerous activity for apedestrian is _____．| A．talking on a phone | B．texting messages | | C．listening to music | D．disobeying traffic lights |
小题3:The underlined word "exceeded" is closest in meaning to "____"．| A．gone beyond | B．greatly influenced | | C．accelerated the increase of | D．drawn the attention of |
小题4:Which might be the best title of the passage?| A．Walk and don"t Talk | | B．Prevention of Distraction | | C．Look both ways while crossing the street | | D．Cell phones lead to injuries |
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