When you’re an employee of a company, no matter the size, it’s common to see co-
题型：不详难度：来源：
When you’re an employee of a company, no matter the size, it’s common to see co-workers promoted, or transferred to a different department. But there is another way to move around—by creating a new position for yourself. I did this several years ago, though I wasn’t actively looking for a different job.
In 2007, I was hired at the Transamerica Life Insurance Company, as a customer service representative in the distributions services department. I processed requests for distributions from our annuity(养老金)policy holders around the country. Someone might have forgotten to sign a form, for example, or might have omitted security information. To solve the problem, I’d mail the person a letter.
The company had been through several combinations, so in our department alone we had a collection of about 140 templates(模板) for letters related to distributions. The longer I worked with the letters, the more I saw how they could be improved. Some had overlapping information and could be combined. Some had incorrect grammar or needed updating. I also noticed that industry terminology(专业术语) wasn’t standard across all the versions.
When I told my department supervisor about this in 2008, she agreed that the letters needed revamping. She said I should stop what I’d been doing and start the new work. In a relatively short time, I was able to make numerous improvements and reduce the number of letters to 70. It was an informal job change until a managers’ meeting several months later.
At that meeting, a vice president who was unaware of my new work mentioned that the division’s entire stock of 1,700 letters should be reviewed. My manager told her that she knew the perfect person for the job—me. The position was still considered temporary when I took on the extra tasks, but I was able to show that the work had value, and I was officially promoted and given a raise in November 2009.
小题1:According to Paragraph 1, which of the following statements is true? | A．The author admired those who got a promotion in his company. | | B．It is no surprise to see people around us change their positions. | | C．The author tried his best to get a promotion in his company | | D．The author was eager to seek another job. |
小题2:Which of the following problems with the letters is NOT mentioned in the passage?| A．Some information was overlooked. | | B．Some information needed to be united. | | C．Some had grammatical mistakes. | | D．Industry terminology didn’t meet the standard. |
小题3:The underlined word “revamping” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .| A．repeating | B．rebuilding | C．improving | D．strengthening |
小题4:The author started to review the letters when .| A．he was hired by the company | | B．he was promoted | | C．he was recommended at a managers’ meeting | | D．his department supervisor agreed his idea |
小题5:Which of the following is the best title for the passage?| A．Where there is will, there is a way. | | B．Creating a position, and earning a promotion. | | C．Don’t let the chance go, when it comes. | | D．Ways to get a promotion. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:D
小题5:B |
解析
试题分析：本文讲述了一种新的获得升职的方法：创造出新的职位。并举例进行了说明。
小题1:B 细节题。根据文章第一段1,2行When you’re an employee of a company, no matter the size, it’s common to see co-workers promoted, or transferred to a different department说明看到同事升职是很正常的事情，故B正确。
小题2:A 细节题。根据文章第三段后三行Some had overlapping information and could be combined. Some had incorrect grammar or needed updating. I also noticed that industry terminology(专业术语) wasn’t standard across all the versions.说明BCD三项都是文章所提及的内容，唯独A项不是。故A符合文章大意。
小题3:C 推理题。根据文章第四段第一句hen I told my department supervisor about this in 2008, she agreed that the letters needed revamping.以及第三段后三行Some had overlapping information and could be combined. Some had incorrect grammar or needed updating. I also noticed that industry terminology(专业术语) wasn’t standard across all the versions.可知我原来工作的内容有很多需要改善的地方，故该词是指改善，提高。故C正确。
小题4:D 细节题。根据第四段1,2行When I told my department supervisor about this in 2008, she agreed that the letters needed revamping. She said I should stop what I’d been doing and start the new work.说明当我告诉我的负责人的时候，他就让我这样做了，故D正确。
小题5:B 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的后两行But there is another way to move around—by creating a new position for yourself. I did this several years ago, though I wasn’t actively looking for a different job.
说明我们可以给自己创造一个新的职位，提高这个方法来升职，故B正确。
点评：本文讲述了一种新的获得升职的方法：创造出新的职位。本文所设试题主要考察细节查找，对于文章中的细节题，要注意文本内容的理解。关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。 |
举一反三
It happened to me recently that I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of the current US President. The person I was talking to agreed with me that it was, in his words, “a wonderfully written book.” However, he then proceeded to talk about Mr. Obama in a way that suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar(说谎者)．
And it seems that he is not the only one. Clearly two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven’t. In The World Book Day survey, Dreams From My Father is at number 9. The survey lists top ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading. As I’m not one to lie too often, I’ll admit here and now that I haven’t read the entire ten books. But I am pleased to say that I have read the book at number one, George Orwell’s 1984. I think it’s absolutely outstanding．
Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to impress someone they were speaking to. This could be difficult if the conversation became more in-depth!
The World Book Day survey also has some other interesting information in it. It shows that many people lie about having read classical works by Jane Austen, the Bronte sisters, Charles Dickens and so on. But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, they named JK Rowling, Jilly Cooper, and Stephen King. Forty-one percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story．
So which books have you lied about reading —if any — and which is your favorite?
小题1:The main reason why people lie about reading is to __________. | A．make fun of the listener | B．impress the listener | | C．please the listener | D．interest the listener |
小题2:The underlined word “proceeded” in the passage probably means“___________”.| A．wanted | B．happened | C．continued | D．stopped |
小题3:What is the best title for the passage?| A．Are You A Book Liar? | B．Readers Are All Liars | | C．World Book Day | D．Dreams From My Father |
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Silence is unnatural to man．He begins life with a cry and ends it in stillness．In between he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and he fears silence more than anything else．Even his conversation is an attempt to prevent a fearful silence．If he is introduced to another person, and a number of pauses occur in the conversation, he regards himself as a failure, a worthless person, and is full of envy of the emptiest headed chatterbox（喋喋不休的人）.He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation means no more than the buzzing of a fly, but he is anxious to join in the buzz and to prove that he is a man and not a waxwork figure（蜡塑人像）.
The aim of conversation is not, for the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to keep up the buzzing sound. There are, it must be admitted, different qualities of buzz; there is even a buzz that is as annoying as the continuous noise made by a mosquito （蚊子）.But at a dinner party one would rather be a mosquito than a quiet person. Most buzzing, fortunately, is pleasant to the ear, and some of it is pleasant even to the mind. He would be a foolish man if he waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing -with his neighbors.
Those who hate to pick up the weather as a conversational opening seem to me not to know the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation in the hope of learning anything new. Some of them are content if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other people"s ears, though they have nothing to tell them except that they have seen two or three new plays or that they had food in a Swiss hotel. At the end of an evening during which they have said nothing meaningful for a long time, they just prove themselves to be successful conservationists.
小题1:According to the passage, people usually talk to their neighbors_____.| A．in the hope of learning something new | | B．in the hope of getting on well | | C．about whatever they want to | | D．about whatever they have prepared |
小题2:According to the author, people make conversation to______.| A．achieve success in life | | B．overcome their fear of silence | | C．exchange ideas | | D．prove their value |
小题3:What is the author"s purpose in writing the passage?| A．To persuade people to stop making noises． | | B．To explain why people keep talking． | | C．To discuss why people like talking about weather． | | D．To encourage people to join in conversations． |
小题4:By "the buzzing of a fly"(Para.1), the author means"_____".| A．the voice of a chatterbox | | B．meaningless talk sound | | C．a low whispering | | D．the noise of an insect |
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A recent survey shows that the alarming rate of child suicide(自杀) in Hong Kong, raising levels of stress and anxiety among young people, increasing conflicts between children and teachers, and children’s complaints that their parents do not understand their problems—all point to a drop in “emotional quotient” (EQ) (情商), the ability to handle relationships.
EQ is defined as the ability to deal with oneself and others effectively. High EQ, psychologists say, is easy to spot. Some of the greatest humanitarian (人道主义的) leaders have high EQ, along with successful managers and inspirational and respected teachers. The problem is not how to spot high EQ but to improve on low EQ, so society as a whole can benefit.
In the United States, declining EQ among young people is seen as one of the factors behind rising young people’s crime because youths fail to understand others’ feelings—one of the key components of EQ. While the situation in Hong Kong is not so bad, there are warning signs that the levels of anxiety among youth may become critical. Declining EQ among Hong Kong teenagers has been acknowledged by several studies including a key study by the education concern group, the Learning-Teacher Association, which found a high degree of anxiety among students over the future and also that young people lacked confidence in dealing with problems. Parents and teachers will also need to develop their own EQ skills in order to deal with them effectively.
Daniel Goleman cites a number of basic elements of high EQ: first, awareness of your feelings as you experience them which is very important to making good decisions in life; second, feeling or awareness of what others are feeling. “90% of emotional information is expressed non-verbally and people vary in their ability to pick it up,” Dr. Goleman says in his book.
Dr. Goleman argues that without high EQ even highly-educated, highly-intelligent people will not find success in life. Or those with low EQ, even though they may be brilliant, tend to lack feeling and impulse control. They fail easily, and they are easily intolerant and often aggressive in interpersonal relations. Some educational psychologists believe work on EQ may be important in Hong Kong with its high rate of suicide among school children. EQ test may be able to help predict those most at risk, and those least able to deal with their own emotions or unable to deal with others, including parents and teachers.
小题1:According to the passage, children in Hong Kong commit suicide at an alarming rate as a result of _______.| A．parents not understanding their children | | B．the rising levels of stress and anxiety among young people | | C．the inability of dealing with relationships | | D．increasing conflict between children and teachers |
小题2:We can infer from the passage that people with low emotional quotient _______.| A．are least likely to become good leaders | | B．can deal with oneself and others effectively | | C．are beneficial to society | | D．are more likely to be respected |
小题3:The word “its” in the last paragraph refers to ________.| A．the work on EQ | | B．Hong Kong | | C．EQ | | D．China |
小题4:Daniel Goleman believes that _______.| A．one can be just as successful without having a high EQ | | B．only people with both high EQ and high IQ will be successful in life | | C．people with low intelligence will not get a successful life | | D．people not having high EQ may not be successful in life despite being extremely intelligent |
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Old age may not sound exciting. But recent findings offer good news for older people and for people worried about getting older.
Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of fifty. In fact, they say by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were when they were eighteen years old.
The findings came from a survey of more than three hundred forty thousand adults in the United States. The Gallup Organization questioned them by telephone in two thousand eight. At that time, the people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five.
The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress.
Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five.
The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties.
Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies. The people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties.
The study also showed that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.
The findings appeared in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.
Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be linked to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry.
The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.
小题1: What is the report about?| A．The relationship between happiness and age. | | B．The influence between happiness and unemployment. | | C．The tendency between family and health. | | D．The expectation between age and children. |
小题2:Suppose John is 90 years old and Mike is 24, which of the following is True about them according to the research?| A．John is happier and more energetic than Mike. | | B．Mike is happier but weaker than John. | | C．John is more sad and worried than Mike. | | D．Mike is more worried and depressed than John. |
小题3: One of the possible reasons why the older one gets, the happier one becomes is that _______.| A．they have had enough bad experiences | | B．they become more grateful about the things they own | | C．they have found it easy to forget their pains and pressures | | D．they have lost their ability to control themselves |
小题4: Which of the following is true according to the passage?| A．Having young children affects the levels of happiness of the old. | | B．Emotional patterns can change the physical structures of human’s brains. | | C．It’s reported that women at all ages are happier than men. | | D．Why happiness increases as people get older is still an unsolved mystery. |
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With the rapid progress of technology, the English language is changing fast. All the people have to face a choice: either ignore the development of the language and spend the rest of our lives wishing Shakespeare were alive, or keep pace with the Internet age, welcoming the new English which someone has once called Weblish. “you can’t avoid it for the simple reason that wherever a new language comes along, it surely impacts (影响) the language as a whole,” says Dr David Crystal, a famous language professor at the University of Wales.
However, there is great trouble with keeping up with the new English because there are so many new words and the old ones no longer mean what we thought they did. In the past if someone said they didn’t have “Windows”, you would have to suppose they lived in a cave without windows. But now, it is probably because they use a Mac, which is a computer. Spam, which once meant a not-so-good-kind of canned meat, now stands for unwanted “junk (垃圾)” email.
Spelling is changing too. Weblish loves to see nouns happily become verbs ( for example, “Please bookmark this site”), and verbs become nouns (“Send me the download”).Verbs and prepositions are regularly thrown together to become new nouns or adjectives(for example, dial-up, logon, print-out, pull-down, upload), while others are created from a simple pairing of nouns: cyberspace, ethernet, Internet, hyperlink, metatag and netspeak.
小题1: We can infer from the first paragraph that _____ .| A．English has completely become Weblish | | B．some people wish Shakespeare were still alive | | C．people may have different attitudes towards Weblish | | D．people who know English have to learn a new language |
小题2: What is the main idea of the second paragraph?| A．Now English has many new words. | | B．English words have changed a lot. | | C．Old English words are no longer used at all. | | D．People have difficulty in understanding some new words related to computers and the Internet. |
小题3: The best title for this passage would be “_____”.| A．Technology and English | | B．Keep Up with the Latest Weblish | | C．Don’t Forget English | | D．The Advantage and Disadvantages of Weblish |
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