Tattoos and body piercings（穿孔）have moved up on the trend list in recent years. A
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Tattoos and body piercings（穿孔）have moved up on the trend list in recent years. Around Western schools lots of teens are sporting new holes and “flesh ink”（纹身）. As with all other subjects, the Chinese will surely have to deal with this situation with respect to their children. To get a better view of what has happened in the West, 1et’s sit down and hear what they say.
Tiara from Indiana：
I personally think body piercing is sickening. If there were supposed to be holes in your body，you would have been born with them. I do，however，think that ear piercing is not wrong. There is a difference between ear piercing and belly button piercing. Ear piercing is not nearly as dangerous. I would be sick if someone stuck a needle in my belly button.
Lee from Illinois:
Hi! I live in Illinois. I am 23. I have 12 tattoos and three piercings. I love my tattoos and consider myself an art collector. You would be surprised at who has given me the thumbs up on my art work. People on the street stop me to look at the tattoo on my leg. Most of them don’t know what it is. They just think the work itself is great.
Subotai from California:
I’m not forbidden of self-expression，but when I see high school students getting these piercings, I really wonder. In some cases, the drive is deeper and darker than mere fashion. A friend of mine tried piercing her own tongue with a safety pin. It got infected and she had a tongue the size of a cow’s.
Jackson from Ohio:
I don’t think it is wrong, but when people do it all over the place like their face and everything—I think that’s ridiculous. People who get the big “dragons that cover the whole body—I don’t think that’s necessary.” When I see naked chicks on guys, I think, “You have no respect for women.”
小题1:Who doesn’t think tattoos and piercings except ear piercing are beautiful？| A．Jackson | B．Lee | C．Tiara | D．Subotai |
小题2:We can conclude that .| A．tattoos and piercings are a new kind of elegant art | | B．all the teachers in the West are in favour of tattoos and piercings | | C．everything is changeable as time goes on | | D．it is necessary to live with different views of beauty |
小题3:The best title for this passage is probably .| A．Body Art or Causing Damage | | B．Doing Damage to the Young People’s Bodies | | C．Young People’s Different Curiosities | | D．The Latest Fashion |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:A |
解析
试题分析:本文是一篇说明文，说明了纹身和身体穿孔在最近几年有增长趋势，对这种情况，有几种不同的看法。
小题1:细节题，由第二个看法第二行I do，however，think that ear piercing is not wrong. There is a difference between ear piercing and belly button piercing.可以知道答案，故选C。
小题2:推理题。由文章的主要意思“纹身和身体穿孔在最近几年有增长趋势，对这种情况，有几种不同的看法”，可以推出答案，所以选D。
小题3:推理题，由文章的主要意思“纹身和身体穿孔在最近几年有增长趋势，对这种情况，有几种不同的看法”，可以推出答案，所以选A
点评：本文主要考查推理题，推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。 |
举一反三
Competition. It’s a simple word, yet a very complex word that covers many angles when it comes to how gasoline prices are determined. It seems so easy to explain, but don’t let that trick you—it’s incredibly difficult to explain and adequately understand.
Say you’re on a Sunday afternoon drive, and notice a gas station near you charging $3.50. Down the road a few miles, that price could easily be 10 or more cents higher or lower. The question is “how” or “why” is that? Think of it this way. Are you more likely to get a better deal on a car if there are two similar car dealers next to each other? Perhaps, because the dealers are too close. Say there is a third similar car dealer miles away. Is he going to be at the same level of competition and sell his cars for the same price as the two dealers next to each other? Likely not. He may charge more or less. Maybe people don"t know there are two other dealers down the road. Maybe the dealer is almost outside of the city and the land value isn"t as high, so his taxes aren"t as high.
These situations do take place at gas stations. And more factors can impact what a station will charge. Timing can greatly impact what price a station charges as well! Many motorists fail to realize that the price a station pays for gasoline changes daily. If one station gets lucky and buys gas on Monday and the cost goes up Tuesday, the station that bought on Monday doesn’t necessarily have to raise prices like the station that bought on Tuesday. Maybe the station that got caught buying for a higher price on Tuesday will pass that higher cost on by raising its gas price.
Perhaps the difference is what brand the station is---branded stations usually pay a slightly higher cost for their gasoline. In return for paying a higher cost, those stations are guaranteed first supply in case of emergency situations. Independent stations don’t pay as much, but aren’t guaranteed supply.
While competition sounds easy to understand, there are always a large number of factors that could influence what one station charges. Keep in mind how many variables there are next time you fill up.
小题1:What could be the best title for the passage?| A．How Competition Impacts Gas Prices | | B．Gas Prices Go Up or Down | | C．Competition---a Very Complex Word | | D．We Can’t Stress Enough the Need for Competition |
小题2:The example of car dealers is used to show _________.| A．car prices are determined by car dealers | | B．location is an important factor in pricing | | C．the quality of service matters most | | D．dealing strategy should be flexible |
小题3:The gas prices of a station always change partly because _________.| A．a gas station always wants to charge more | | B．the gasoline is in great demand | | C．the cost of the gas the station buys varies daily | | D．gas is in greater need on Monday |
小题4:According to the passage, branded stations _________.| A．spend less money on their gasoline | | B．have more staff than independent stations | | C．charge less for high quality oil | | D．offer a steady oil supply |
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What is the connection between violence and sports? Psychologists（心理学家） say that there are many reasons for violence at sports events. One is alcohol（酒精）. Many fans drink a lot at games. When people drink, they are more likely to do abnormal things. Psychologist Dennis Brock says, “Quiet people become loud. Normally nonviolent people become destructive.”
David Sampson, a sports sociologist, agrees, “These are often celebratory riots(暴乱)— a large number of very happy people mixed in with large amounts of alcohol. They don’t often seem dangerous in the beginning, but things get violent quickly.”
Another reason for violence at sports events is the crowd itself. When individuals are in a large group of people, they can lose their sense of personal responsibility. Edward Hirt, a social Psychologist, says that research shows that people do things in crowds that they would never do alone. People in crowds feel that no one knows who they are. Crowds also make people feel powerful. They stop making personal decisions. They just follow the crowd. Social psychologists call this a “mob mentality.”
Dave Zarifis, head of public safety at Northern Iowa University says, “Some people don’t even come to celebrate. They want to drink hard and make trouble. Someone does something stupid, and it grows from there. You get a mob mentality. People think it’s OK to do almost anything. They think, ‘There are so many of us and not enough of them.’ ”
Social psychologist Dr. Sharon Kennedy says that there are a few things officials can do to prevent violence. Making sure that an area is not overcrowded is very important. Officials should also think of games as “big parties.” Then they will prepare differently. Kennedy says that in Great Britain they are controlling the problem with cameras in all the stadiums. “When you know someone is watching, you are much less likely to behave badly.”
小题1:Which of the following best gives the main idea of the first two paragraphs? | A．There’s a connection between violence and sports | | B．There are many reasons for violence at sports events. | | C．One cause of violence at sports events is alcohol. | | D．David Sampson and Dennis Brock have the same opinion. |
小题2:Which of the following does NOT belong to a “mob mentality”?| A．“ No one knows I’m doing this.” | | B．“ It’s safe to do what many people are doing.” | | C．“There are so many of us and not enough of them.” | | D．“I must drink some alcohol to stop myself feeling shy.” |
小题3:How many experts are quoted by the writer of this passage?| A．Five. | B．Four. | C．Three. | D．Two. |
小题4:The last paragraph is mainly about ______.| A．how to turn games into big parties | | B．how to prevent violence at sports events | | C．why to fix cameras in stadiums | | D．how to avoid oneself behaving badly |
小题5:What lesson can we learn from this passage?| A．Never drink any alcohol no matter where you are. | | B．Whenever you are watching a game, you should keep quiet. | | C．Never follow blindly no matter how many people are doing something. | | D．Be careful when you are at a stadium because there are cameras there. |
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Every Saturday or Sunday night my family and I go out and feed the homeless people in the city of Orlando. There are thousands of people across the United States without any food or shelter. My family and I have been doing this for several months.
We all get together in the kitchen and prepare the food. Some of the meals are sandwiches, cookies and a bottle of water. Sometimes my mom prepares a steaming hot delicious meal. We then bag them all up to feed 30 or more people.
I like to write special notes on the bags like “God loves you.” Before my family and I get into the car we ask God for protection in a family prayer. A lot of people misunderstand homeless people. Not all homeless people are drug addicts or bad people. Some are really nice. Some of them just had bad things that happened to them.
At first when my family and I went out on the street we had to earn their trust. A lot of people are unkind to them for no good reason. But now that they see us every week, they trust us. We even know some of their names. We all have to remember that these are people that have feelings. Some of them shake our hands for giving them food, and thank us. Some of them do really funny dances because they are happy.
We have become really close with this man named Tony and his wife. They have all of their personal belongings in shopping carts. After meeting with them several times he has told us a lot about his life. He graduated from Harvard University and has a PHD. He used to teach French and Spanish. He lost his job after the economic crisis began.
After we get done feeding the homeless, it makes me appreciate what I have at home. Sometimes it makes me sad, and makes my mom cry. I love feeding the homeless, and making a difference in someone’s life.
小题1:The following statements are all right except _________. | A．we feed the homeless every Saturday or Sunday night | | B．I write some encouraging words on the food | | C．we offer food for about 30 or more people every Saturday or Sunday night | | D．my family and I have been feeding the poor for several months |
小题2:What do many people think of the homeless in America?| A．They are homeless because of taking drugs. | | B．They are bad people against the society. | | C．They must have done something bad. | | D．All of above. |
小题3:Why do the homeless believe in the author and his family?| A．They don’t ask the homeless to do something bad. | | B．They always bring more food every time. | | C．They often give food to them at fixed time. | | D．They never ask about the names of the homeless. |
小题4:What made Tony lose his job?| A．The falling economy across the whole country. | | B．He hasn’t got a suitable university degree. | | C．He graduated from a common university. | | D．He doesn’t like the teaching of the French language. |
小题5:The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph most probably refers to _________.| A．the loss of the job of Tony | | B．the poverty of the author’s family | | C．the feeding of the homeless | | D．the leaving from the homeless |
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An experiment was carried out at British school into the performance of new pupils. At the start of the year, the pupils were each given a rating, ranging from “excellent prospect” to “unlikely to do well”. These were totally untrue ratings and did not reflect how well the pupils had previously performed. However, these ratings were given to the teachers. At the end of the year, the experimenters compared the pupils’ performance with the ratings. Despite their real abilities, there was an astonishingly high connection between performance and ratings. It seems that people perform as well as we expect them to.
The Self-fulfilling Effect is also known as the Pygmalion Effect. This comes from an old Greek story. The story was also the basis of George Bernard Shaw’s play “Pygmalion”, later turned into the musical “My Fair Lady”. In Shaw’s play, Professor Henry Higgins claims he can turn a Cockney flower girl, Eliza Doolittle into a duchess. But, as Eliza herself points out to Higgins’ friend Pickering, it isn’t what she learns or does that determines whether she will become a duchess, but how she’s treated.
The implication (含义) of the Pygmalion Effect for leaders and managers is massive. It means that the performance of your team depends less on them than it does on you. The performance you get from people is no more or less than what you expect, which means you must always expect the best. As Goethe said, “Treat a man as he is and he will remain as he is. Treat a man as he can and should be and he will become as he can and should be.”
小题1:The underlined word in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “_________”.| A．program | B．regulation | C．correction | D．classification |
小题2:What’s the passage mainly about?| A．A new scientific experiment. | | B．The Self-fulfilling Effect. | | C．Shaw’s play “Pygmalion”. | | D．An improved teaching method. |
小题3:The experiment was made in order to _________.| A．try out a new teaching method | | B．pick out the most excellent pupils | | C．learn if expectations affect performance | | D．give each pupil a proper rating |
小题4:What made Eliza change into a duchess according to Eliza herself?| A．Strict training from Higgins. | | B．Her own strong will and hard work. | | C．The proper way she was regarded. | | D．Warm encouragement from Pickering. |
小题5:According to the Pygmalion Effect, if you want a man to finish a hard task in a short time, you should say, “_________”.| A．I’m sure you can make it | B．I will help you any time | | C．It is as easy as pie | D．It doesn’t matter if you fail |
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Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends.They believe that their family members don’t know them as well as their friends do.In large families，it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas.It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends.Even when they are not with their friends，they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone.This communication is very important in children’s growing up，because friends can discuss something.These things are difficult to tell their family members. However，parents often try to choose their children’s friends for them.Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends.Have you ever thought of the following questions?
Who chooses your friends?
Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?
Have you got a good friend your parents don’t like?Your answers are welcome.
小题1:Many teenagers think that________can understand them better.| A．friends | B．brothers | C．sisters | D．parents |
小题2:When teenagers have something difficult to tell their parents，they usually________.| A．stay alone at home | B．fight with their parents | | C．discuss it with their friends | D．go to their brothers and sisters for help |
小题3:The underlined sentence “Your answers are welcome.” means “________”.| A．You are welcome to discuss the questions with us. | | B．We’ve got no idea，so your answers are welcome. | | C．Your answers are always right. | | D．You can give us all the right answers. |
小题4:Which of the following is the writer’s attitude(态度)?| A．Parents should choose friends for their children. | | B．Children should choose everything they like. | | C．Parents should understand their children better. | | D．Teenagers should only go to their friends for help. |
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