Shopping is not as simple as you think! There are all sorts of tricks at play ea
题型：不详难度：来源：
Shopping is not as simple as you think! There are all sorts of tricks at play each time we reach out for that particular brand of product on the shelf.
Coloring, for example, varies according to what the producers are trying to sell. Health foods are packages in greens, yellows or browns because we think of these as healthy colors. Ice cream packets are often blue and expensive foods, like chocolates, are gold and silver.
When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colors turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. Eventually, it came on the market in a dark blue and white package because we think of it as safe, and white as calm.
The size of a product can attract a shopper. But quite often a bottle doesn’t contain as much as it appears to.
It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 percent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging.
The most successful producers know that it’s not enough to have a good product. The founder of Pears soap, who for 25 years has used pretty little girls to promote their goods, came to the conclusion: “Any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it.”
小题1:Which of the following may trick a shopper into buying a product according to the text?| A．The cost of its package. | | B．The price of the product. | | C．The color of its package. | | D．The brand name of the product. |
小题2:The underlined part in paragraph 3 means that the colors ________.| A．attracted the customers strongly | | B．had weak effect on the customers | | C．tricked the customers into shopping | | D．caused the customers to lose interest |
小题3:Which of the following would be the best title for this text?| A．Choice of Good Products | | B．Disadvantages of Products | | C．Effect of Packaging on Shopping | | D．Brand Names and Shopping Tricks |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:C |
解析
文章是关于包装对人们购物的影响。
小题1:推理题。根据第二段内容Coloring, for example, varies according to what the producers are trying to sell.可知颜色也期了很大的作用。
小题2:猜测句意题。根据上下文可知一开始这种pain killer卖的并不好，主要是因为包装的不好。
小题3:主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章是关于包装的影响。 |
举一反三
Spring is coming, and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs. Competition is tough, so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices. Whatever we are wearing，our family and friends may accept us, but the workplace may not.
A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos (纹身）nose rings, or certain dress styles. It is true you can’t judge a book by its cover, yet people do “cover” themselves in order to convey (传递)certain messages. What we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is an expression of who we are. Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances， so do companies. Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons, but the main concern is often about what customers accept.
Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money. Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees (雇员),because those people represent the companies to their customers.
As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers. There are plenty of well-qualified candidates, so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers. Even though I am open-minded, I can’t expect all our customers are.
There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer. No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards, as long as its standards are legal.
小题1:Which of the following is the newspaper editor’ opinion according to Paragraph 2?| A．People’s appearances carry messages about themselves. | | B．Customers’ choices influence dress standards in companies. | | C．Candidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated. | | D．Strange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace. |
小题2:What can be inferred from the text?| A．Candidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview. | | B．What to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies. | | C．Companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates. | | D．Hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates. |
小题3:Which of the following would be the best title for the text?| A．Employees Matter | | B．Personal Choices Matter | | C．Appearances Matter | | D．Hiring Managers Matter |
小题4:The author’s attitude towards strange dress styles in the workplace may best be described as .
A. enthusiastic B. negative C positive D. sympathetic |
You’ve just come home, after living abroad for a few years. Since you’ve been away, has this country changed for the better—or for the worse?
If you’ve just arrived back in the UK after a fortnight’s holiday, small changes have probably surprised you—anything from a local greengrocer suddenly being replaced by a mobile-phone shop to someone in your street moving house.
So how have things changed to people coming back to Britain after seven, ten or even 15 years living abroad? What changes in society can they see that the rest of us have hardly noticed—or now take for granted? To find out, we asked some people who recently returned.
Debi: When we left, Cheltenham, my home town, was a town of white, middle-class families—all very conservative (保守的). The town is now home to many eastern Europeans and lots of Australians, who come here mainly to work in hotels and tourism. There are even several shops only for foreigners.
Having been an immigrant (移民) myself, I admire people who go overseas to find a job. Maybe if I lived in an inner city where unemployment was high, I’d think differently, but I believe foreign settlers have improved this country because they’re more open-minded and often work harder than the natives.
Christine: As we flew home over Britain, both of us remarked how green everything looked. But the differences between the place we’d left behind and the one we returned to were brought sharply into focus as soon as we landed.
To see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frightening—in Cyprus, they’re very relaxed—and I got pulled over by customs officers just for taking a woolen sweater with some metal-made buttons out of my case in the arrivals hall. Everyone seemed to be on guard. Even the airport car-hire firm wanted a credit card rather than cash because they said their vehicles had been used by bank robbers.
But anyway, this is still a green, beautiful country. I just wish more people would appreciate what they’ve got.
小题1:After a short overseas holiday, people tend to _______.| A．notice small changes | | B．expect small changes | | C．welcome small changes | | D．exaggerate small changes |
小题2: How does Debi look at the foreign settlers?| A．Cautiously. | | B．Positively. | | C．Sceptically. | | D．Critically. |
小题3:When arriving at the airport in Britain, Christine was shocked by _______.| A．the relaxed policemen | | B．the messy arrivals hall | | C．the tight security | | D．the bank robbers |
小题4:Which might be the best title for the passage?| A．Life in Britain. | | B．Back in Britain. | | C．Britain in Future. | | D．Britain in Memory. |
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Holidays are really important. Many of us will have childhood memories of summer holidays where we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways.
But holidays are expensive and, for those on low wages or living on benefits, they are often unobtainable. Even the cheapest holidays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet.
For working parents, the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks, there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. For some ’ this makes even an affordable family holiday difficult.
The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in sofeguaiding children"s welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays, much of this is missed.
While teachers are holidaying in the UK, many of their pupils spend the whole six weeks on the street where they live. The lack of free school meals for six weeks can result in pressure on a family budget and an inability to afford the inspiring experiences that help children to continue their learning.
In setting out its plans for a five-term year, Nottingham City Council (委员会)is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down lo four and a half weeks, with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks, each followed by a two-week break. We believe this will give real “down time" for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning.
We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff, particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities. However, this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care.
小题1: The passage is probably written by .| A．an experienced teacher | B．a working parent | | C．an inspired student | D．a city council member |
小题2:The underlined word "they" in the second paragraph refers to " ’.| A．environments | B．holidays | C．wages | D．benefits |
小题3:It is suggested in the passage that the summer break be reduced to.| A．2 weeks | B．4.5 weeks | C．5 weeks | D．6 weeks |
小题4:The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students_____ .| A．obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costs | | B．get a chance to spend six weeks a term with teachers in school | | C．benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environment | | D．have more school days to receive free school meals |
小题5:It can be inferred from the passage that _______.| A．working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their children | | B．the suggested plans for a five-term school year can hardly be carried out | | C．the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real "down time" | | D．some school staff will say “ No" to the plans for a shorter summer holiday |
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Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.
If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink. Animals that don’t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.
小题1:What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?| A．They are often forgotten by their owners. | | B．They are used to living outdoors. | | C．They build their own shelter. | | D．They like to stay in warm places. |
小题2:Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?| A．To know when to bring them inside. | | B．To keep them from eating bad food. | | C．To help them find shelters. | | D．To keep them company. |
小题3:If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may ___.| A．run short of clean water | | B．dig deep holes for fun | | C．dirty the snow nearby | | D．get lost in the wild |
小题4:What is the purpose of this text?| A．To solve a problem. | | B．To give practical advice. | | C．To tell an interesting story. | | D．To present a research result. |
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Make Up Your Mind to Succeed
Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyone’s winner.” And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.”
Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here’s how they work:
A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic – you’re a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it’s sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it’s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.
On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isn’t on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it’s quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.
We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn’t be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck’s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.
小题1:What does the author think about the present generation?| A．They don’t do well at school. | | B．They are often misunderstood. | | C．They are eager to win in sports. | | D．They are given too much praise. |
小题2:A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ .| A．doesn’t want to work hard | | B．cares a lot about personal safety | | C．cannot share his ideas with others | | D．can succeed with the help of teachers |
小题3:What does the growth mind-set believe?| A．Admitting failure is shameful. | | B．Talent comes with one’s birth. | | C．Scores should be highly valued. | | D．Getting over difficulties is enjoyable. |
小题4:What should parents do for their children based on Dweck’s study?| A．Encourage them to learn from failures. | | B．Prevent them from making mistakes. | | C．Guide them in doing little things. | | D．Help them grow with praise. |
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