Findings from a new study were presented at a recent meeting of the American Psy
题型：不详难度：来源：
Findings from a new study were presented at a recent meeting of the American Psychosomatic(身心的) Society. Researchers in the United States studied 100,000 women during an eight-year period, beginning in 1994. All of the women were fifty or older. The study was part of the Women’s Health Initiative organized by the National Institutes of Health.
The women were asked questions measuring their beliefs or ideas about the future. The researchers attempted to identify each woman’s personality eight years after gathering the information.
The study found that hopeful individuals were 14% less likely than other women to have died from any cause. The hopeful women were also 30% less likely to have died from heart disease after the eight years.
Hilary Tindle from the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania was the lead author of the report. She said the study confirmed earlier research that linked optimistic feelings to longer life.
The researchers also gathered information about people’s education, financial earnings, physical activity and use of alcohol or cigarettes. Independent of those things, the findings still showed that optimists had less of a chance of dying during the eight-year period.
Some women who answered the questions were found to be hostile (怀敌意的), or highly untrusting of others. These women were 16% more likely to die than the others. They also were 23% more likely to die of cancer.
The study also found women who were not optimistic were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes. They were also more likely not to exercise.
Tindle says the study did not confirm whether optimism leads to healthier choices, or if it actually affects a person’s physical health. She also says the study does not prove that negative (消极的) emotions or distrust lead to bad health effects and shorter life. Yet there does appear to be a link that calls for more research.
小题1:In which part of a newspaper can you read the above passage?| A．Nation | B．Opinion | | C．Science | D．Business |
小题2:Researchers carry out the study to ________.| A．decide who is more likely to enjoy a happier life | | B．find out the link between personality and health | | C．gather information for the National Institutes of Health | | D．compare each woman’s personality changes |
小题3:What can be inferred from the text?| A．Negative emotions cause a shorter life indeed. | | B．There may be some link between personality and health. | | C．It’s uncertain whether optimism affects one’s health. | | D．The more optimistic you are, the longer life you may enjoy. |
小题4:Who is more likely to die of cancer according to the text?| A．A woman who always doubts what others say. | | B．A woman who doesn’t exercise. | | C．A woman with high blood pressure. | | D．A woman with poor physical health. |
小题5:What’s Hilary Tindle’s opinion of the study?| A．Unfair. | B．Useless. | C．Necessary. | D．Reliable. |
|
答案
小题1:C
小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:A
小题1:C |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
Do you still get free plastic bags from the supermarkets? Things have changed.
China has banned free plastic bags at shops and supermarkets, and people have to pay for using plastic bags. The rule started on June 1, 2008. It came because our country tried to make litter less. Making super-thin plastic bags has also been banned.
The Chinese once used about 3,000,000,000 plastic shopping bags a day, and they have caused pollution of the environment. The bags have become a main cause of plastic pollution because they are easy to break and people throw them away here and there. So the Chinese people are encouraged to bring their own bags for shopping.
What kind of shopping bag is the best to bring? Some students in Anhui have a good idea. They make their own shopping bags. They use old clothes to make cloth bags, and send them to their parents as presents. They also ask their parents and friends to use cloth bags instead of plastic ones. They think it is their duty to protect the environment.
小题1: People in China have to _____ now.| A．throw plastic bags here and there | | B．collect plastic bags in the street | | C．pay for using plastic bags at shops and supermarkets | | D．use free plastic bags at shops and supermarkets |
小题2: China made this rule because plastic bags were bad for the ______.| A．environment | B．litter | | C．shops | D．supermarkets |
小题3: Some students in Anhui ______.| A．ask their parents to make cloth bags | B．make cloth bags themselves | | C．pick up plastic bags everywhere | D．buy cloth bags for their parents |
小题4: What’s the main idea of this article?| A．Making super-thin plastic bags has been banned in China. | | B．The bags have become a main cause of plastic pollution. | | C．Some students in Anhui begin to make their own shopping bags. | | D．To protect the environment, free plastic bags have been banned in China. |
|
Researchers found that compared with teens who spent much of their free time in front of TV sets, those who were physically active often had higher self-respect, better grades and were less likely to have risky behavior like taking drugs, smoking, or drinking．The findings, based on a national survey of nearly 12,000 middle and high school students, were published in a journal．
"Across the board, children who engaged in any kind of activity were belier off than kids who watched a lot of TV," said study co author professor Penny Gordon Larsen of the University of North Carolina．
Other studies have linked certain content of television programs, such as violence and sex, to children"s behavior．But beyond this issue, Gordon-Larsen said that kids who spend hours watching TV "miss opportunities" to develop skills, learn teamwork and have other experiences that their more active peers benefit from．
That doesn"t mean, however, that kids have to be on the football team． The study found that some activities like skating and skateboarding——which adults sometimes frown upon——were also related to better self respect and less risk taking．
That skaters were better behaved than TV watchers might come as a surprise to some adults who consider these teens to be bad, according to Gordon-Larsen．Skateboarding is forbidden in many public areas, and some communities oppose building skating parks．But if kids who like to skate have nowhere to do it, "it"s a shame," said Gordon-Larsen．
Not only should parents encourage their kids to engage iii the physical activities they enjoy, she said, but schools and communities should also do more to create opportunities for children to be active．
小题1:From the passage we know that .| A．physically active kids get into less trouble | | B．more skating parks are being built | | C．kids who spend hours watching TV benefit a lot | | D．kids who have nowhere to skate tend to take drugs |
小题2:If your kid is a football player, he is more likely to ____| A．get into the habit of smoking or drinking | | B．develop teamwork spirit | | C．have risky behaviors | | D．fail in the schoolwork |
小题3:This passage is mainly written to ___ ．| A．offer some information to teachers and parents | | B．persuade kids not to watch a lot of TV | | C．urge the public to help children be active | | D．show the author"s concern about children"s growth |
小题4:What does the underlined sentence "which adults sometimes frown upon" in the 4th paragraph mean?| A．Some adults don"t understand the sports． | | B．Some adults are impatient with kids． | | C．Adults consider it dangerous to go skating or skateboarding. | | D．Some adults think them related to bad behaviors. |
小题5:It can be inferred from the passage that .| A．kids are not expected to be active by some parents | | B．professor Penny is a famous writer and journalist | | C．skateboarding is popular in schools and communities | | D．kids are not encouraged to join the football team |
|
Today, almost everyone has heard of Harry Potter. The books detailing his experiences at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry have aroused passion, creativity, and interest in reading throughout the world.
But have you ever considered why you are a fan of the Harry Potter series?
JK Rowling has created a list of characters and an environment for them to inhabit that appeals to both adults and children.
The fantasy aspect of the wizarding world expands the imagination, and takes the mind to new and exciting places. Anything could happen there. Her stories contain parts of the believable and unbelievable, changing the predictability that readers commonly come across and bear in fiction.
The main theme of the series, including good versus evil, prejudice, love, death, sacrifice, friendship and loyalty, in actuality contributes to the ever-lasting nature of the stories. At the same time, these themes remind us of classic literature, offering mature readers tales that wear like a comfortable pair of shoes, while introducing younger readers to concepts they will meet throughout their lives.
Much of the appeal also comes from the characters. In each book, JK Rowling introduces and describes the characters in such a way that we wonder not only about their futures, but also about their pasts. Even supporting characters are suddenly more than just extras in the background. And what of Harry Potter himself? We care about Harry, because we watch him grow from an innocent boy to a powerful wizard. We see him as both Hero and Victim. He experiences endless love and extreme pain, and as readers, we experience them with him.
This perfect combination of emotion, suspense and fantasy, together with the fact that JK Rowling is a superb storyteller is the reason why we are Harry potter fans. People are fond of Harry Potter series. With books like these, it’s hard not to be.
小题1: Harry Potter series become popular partly because ____________. | A．they remind us of the childhood and environment we had in the past | | B．they take us to a world beyond our imagination and expectation | | C．they offer us ever-lasting nature of the stories | | D．they set an example of hero for us to follow |
小题2:What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 mean?| A．The supporting characters are not necessary in the story. | | B．Readers care only about Harry but not those supporting characters. | | C．Even the supporting characters are attractive in the story. | | D．Those supporting characters only appear all of a sudden. |
小题3:The themes of the Harry Potter series do not contain ____________.| A．prejudice and love | B．good and evil | | C．death and sacrifice | D．safety and peace |
小题4:People care for Harry Potter because ____________.| A．they think of classic literature when reading the story | | B．they find different experiences from theirs on Harry | | C．they share the experiences with Harry | | D．they like JK Rowling’s description very much |
|
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
B
Most parents love the Internet and want their kids to use it. But a new survey in America finds almost as many also fear the online world—especially social networking sites such as My Space—and worry their kids will get in trouble with people they meet.
“The parents see the web’s incredible potential(可能性), and they know their kids have to be there.” says James Steyer, CEO of Common Sense Media, which released results from a survey that looked into parental attitudes toward the Internet. “It is also what they are scared of most.”
The study was conducted online May 5-10 by Insight Research Group. It says 80% of parents are concerned about kids meeting bad people online. That’s because young people who largely have grown up with the Net think of it as a social outlet(出口), say the researchers. To young people, the benefits of giving out some personal information to reach out to friends outweigh the risks. And the study shows they are so comfortable with the medium that 78% have a personal website or blog.
Parents also recognize the importance of the Internet. The survey shows 91% think the Net helps their children explore their passions, and 77% think the Internet is one of the most valuable education tools teens have. But 88% think it’s important to know what their kids are doing online.
Findings suggest both parents and teens need more education about using online media, Steyer says.
Internet safety has become an increasing concern for parents in America. Organizations like the Non-profit Common Sense have been trying to reach and help parents pay attention to the problem.
小题1: In the second paragraph, the underlined word “It” refers to_____.| A．Common Sense Media | B．the result of the survey | | C．the web’s incredible potential | D．the website called My Space |
小题2:Why do young people give out their personal information?| A．They think it has more advantages than disadvantages. | | B．They want to make themselves famous by doing that. | | C．They want to have a personal website each. | | D．They want to get some information from others. |
小题3: Most parents think it is important to know_____.| A．where their children give out the information | B．what kind of websites they have | | C．how often they go online | D．what their children are doing online |
小题4:From the passage we can infer that_____.| A．children are too young to know how to use the Internet | | B．parents must teach their children how to use the Internet | | C．parents also need to learn more about using the Internet | | D．the Internet is the most valuable tool for children to learn |
|
People are talking about the “new economy.” It’s very different from the “old economy”.
In the old economy, people travel to walk. They buy things in stores. They use the post office, the fax and the telephone to send information. They see people face-to-face at their jobs or in stores. People get information from newspapers, radio, television, books and libraries.
In the new economy, people do business through the “net,” which is a connection of millions of computers everywhere in the world. In the new economy, workers often work at home. They can get information online. They can communicate with employers and co-workers by e-mail. Businesses have “virtual stores”. They are websites on which customers can see the products. Businesses can sell to customers anywhere in the world.
In the new economy, people live a fast paced, convenient and colorful life. The whole world develops more quickly than before. But the new economy is a double-edge sword. Its disadvantage is also obvious. For example, the Internet has led to a huge increase in credit card cheating. Some illegal websites offer some cheap or banned goods or services. Online shoppers who enter their credit card information may never receive the goods they want to buy and their card information could even be for sale in an illegal website. So people in the new economy should be smarter and knowledgeable.
小题1:The cause of the differences between the new economy and the old economy is ____.| A．the change of people’s idea | B．the business people do | | C．the use of the Internet | D．the change of people’s life |
小题2:In the old economy, people can do the following things EXCEPT____.| A．getting information from books | | B．communicating with friends by telephone | | C．meeting people face to face | | D．shopping online |
小题3:“But the new economy is a double-edge sword ” in the last passage means_____.| A．The new economy is as sharp as a sword | | B．The new economy has advantages and disadvantages | | C．The new economy is better than the old economy | | D．Both the new economy and the old economy have disadvantages |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT true?| A．People can get all kinds of information on the Internet. | | B．Telephone, radio, television, newspapers and so on will disappear in the new economy. | | C．People in the new economy should have high quality. | | D．Life in the new economy is more comfortable than the one in the old economy. |
|
最新试题
热门考点