Finland (芬兰) is perhaps the most beautiful and mysterious country of Northern Eu
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Finland (芬兰) is perhaps the most beautiful and mysterious country of Northern Europe. Two-thirds of its surface is covered with thick forests. Relative to its size, Finland has more lakes than any other country. The northern part of this country is inside the Arctic Circle, where almost no trees can grow because of its cold weather and the people use their deer of transport, clothing and food.
The Finnish history began in the Middle Ages. In about 1155, Finland was conquered (侵略) by its western neighbor Sweden (瑞典). After a period of rule by Denmark (丹麦) in the 14th century, the Swedes won back independence and power in 1523 under their brave king. During the Napoleonic (拿破仑的) Wars (1804-1818) Finland was passed finally from Sweden to Russia. The opportunity came in 1917, when the Russian Revolution brought foreign rule of Finland to an end. Shortly after Soviet Russia made peace with Germany, 1919 saw the founding of the Finnish Republic.
The years between the First and Second World Wars were years of progress and growing development. Finland is the fifth largest country in Europe, and despite a relatively small population of 5.2 million, the market potential is much greater. Finland has no coal or oil, and the nation’s wealth lies in the timber from its forests, which supplies material for paper and furniture making, and in the electric power from its water. Finland is an excellent gateway to trading with Russia and the Baltic States because of a long history of trading with these marks. Finland has also enjoyed a strong and long-Finland’s accession to the European Union in January 1995.
小题1:From the passage, we learn that Finland _______.| A．lies inside the Arctic Circle | | B．lies east of Sweden | | C．is next to the countries of northern Europe | | D．is entirely covered with forests and lakes |
小题2:Finland must have been under the control of _______ for as long as one hundred years or so.| A．Russia | B．Denmark | C．Sweden | D．foreign countries |
小题3:Among natural resources, the Finnish people benefit mainly from _______.| A．coal and oil | B．forests and water | C．paper and furniture | D．timber and power industry |
小题4:What does the underlined word “timber” probably mean?| A．Fruits. | B．Wood. | C．Animals. | D．Money. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:B |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍北欧国家芬兰的地理位置，历史和自然资源的情况。
小题1:细节题：从文章第二段的句子：In about 1155, Finland was conquered (侵略) by its western neighbor Sweden (瑞典).可知芬兰在瑞典的东边。选B。
小题2:细节题：从文章第二段的句子：During the Napoleonic (拿破仑的) Wars (1804-1818) Finland was passed finally from Sweden to Russia. The opportunity came in 1917, when the Russian Revolution brought foreign rule of Finland to an end.可知芬兰在长达一百年的时间里面一直受俄罗斯的支配。选A
小题3:细节题：从文章最后一段的句子：Finland has no coal or oil, and the nation’s wealth lies in the timber from its forests, which supplies material for paper and furniture making, and in the electric power from its water.可知在自然资源中，芬兰获益最多的是森林和水，选B。
小题4:猜词题：从文章最后一段的句子：Finland has no coal or oil, and the nation’s wealth lies in the timber from its forests, which supplies material for paper and furniture making, 来自森林的肯定是树木，而且树木可以白用来做纸和家具，“timber” 的意思是树木，选B。 |
举一反三
What is a six-letter word that immediately comes to mind when you need some information on the Internet? You probably thought of Google. But Google wasn’t always the name of the famous search engine. In fact, the original name was BackRub!
BackRub was the name two graduate students gave to the new search engine they developed in 1996. They called it BackRub because the engine used backlinks to measure the popularity of Web sites. Later, they wanted a better name — a name that suggests huge quantities of data. They thought of the word googol. (A googol is a number followed by 100 zeros.) When they checked the Internet registry of names to see if googol was already taken, one of the students misspelled the word by mistake, and that’s how Google was born.
Google is just one example of a name change in the business world. Many other companies have decided to change their names or the names of their products. Here are some more examples:
Jerry Yang and David Filo, two young computer specialists, developed a guide to Internet content in 1994. They called it “Jerry and David’s Guide to World Wide Web.” But they soon realized that this wasn’t a very catchy name, so they searched through a dictionary and found a better one: “Yahoo.”
Sometimes companies change their names because of the popularity of one of their products. In 1962, a young runner named Phil Knight started a company called Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, Knight decided to design and manufacture his own brand of shoes. He named the shoes after the Greek goddess of victory — Nike. Nike shoes became so well known that Knight changed the name of the whole company to Nike.
小题1:According to the text, Google .| A．has been famous since 1996 | | B．is a result of a spelling mistake | | C．means a number followed by 100 zeros | | D．is the original name of the search engine |
小题2:Jerry and David changed the guide’s name to Yahoo because the original name .| A．had been registered | B．had been forgotten | | C．was not attractive | D．was too short |
小题3:The company Nike got its name from .| A．its founders | B．its customers | | C．its popular products | D．its advanced techniques |
小题4:Which of the following can be the best title for the text? | A．The name changes | B．The history of Google | | C．How to choose a name? | D．Why are names important? |
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HE is one of the most charming young heroes since Harry Potter. Like Potter, he is chosen by fate to carry out a mission, but unlike the boy wizard, he doesn’t get any chances to have fun or hang out with friends because he’s a little too busy preparing to lead during an upcoming war to save the Earth.
Meet Ender Wiggin, 15, the main character of the hit US sci-fi movie Ender’s Game (《安德的游戏》), which will come out on Jan 7 in China.
The story opens in 2086, 50 years after an insect-like alien race, called the Formics, attacked the Earth and killed tens of millions of people before being driven back to their home planet. Since then, human beings have been in a state of fear, awaiting a second attack.
Earth’s military leaders seek young warriors to risk going into space for battle, and children are taught to compete for these positions. As the film explains, youths can make leaps of logic and intuition, devising effective attack strategies more quickly than adults.
So here comes Ender, the savior (救世主) of all mankind. Though Ender is a skinny kid, smaller than most, he is also smarter than average. He tends to analyze situations and easily find ways to achieve the most positive outcomes. This rare gift makes him stand out in the program and get promoted to the Battle School, where he is directed to plan and carry out a series of virtual attacks on the Formics.
Can he use his military talents to wipe out Earth’s enemies?
Despite the obvious “be all you can be” subtext (潜台词), the movie “explores complex issues, including the consequences of violence and maintaining humanity and morality during wartime with intelligence and insight,” commented Yahoo.
According to The Hollywood Reporter, the film best presents the power of empathy (感情移入), which is what makes Ender a good leader. “The reason Ender succeeds is because he understands what makes his opponents tick (有某种行为) on the battlefield,” explained the entertainment news site.
小题1:The underlined words “a mission” in the first paragraph probably refer to “______”.| A．having fun and hanging out with friends | | B．being a boy wizard to save the Earth | | C．working to save all of mankind | | D．acting as a leader of the Formics |
小题2:Earth’s military leaders want to choose youths to be warriors because they think ______.| A．youths are smarter and more fearless than adults | | B．youths are more willing to take risks in space | | C．youths have sharper intuition and quicker reactions than adults | | D．youths adapt to new battle environments more quickly than adults |
小题3:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?| A．The movie intends to encourage people to try to be what they want to be and never give up. | | B．Ender is able to defeat Earth’s enemies because he possesses a super power that enables him to read his enemies’ minds. | | C．Ender’s success proves that a good leader should have intelligence and insight and make full use of his or her teammates’ talents. | | D．The movie discusses a variety of issues such as the effects of violence and the importance of morality and humanity during wartime. |
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On March 15．Dunes View Middle School held a contest for school bands．
Student bands tried out for the opportunity to perform at the school picnic，which will be held at the end of June．The winner of the contest was the band called Four Square.
“We’re very proud that we won the contest and are excited to perform at the picnic，” says Peter Zandt，who plays guitar in the band．“And since we hope to perform someday at other local places，like restaurants and parks，this will be a great first step.”
The contest was the creation of music teacher Mr．Lopez and drama teacher Ms．Cho. The two thought of the idea while discussing recent years" school picnics．“The picnic is one of the biggest events of the year，but it has become a bit formulaic，"said Ms．Cho．“The activities are the same every year .We thought that a performance by a student band would make the school picnic more interesting and fun．”
Mr．Lopez，Ms．Cho，and three other teachers judged the contest，which took place in the gym. To see if the bands could present a wide range of musical skills，the teachers asked them each to prepare two songs：one song with original words，and another in which students played instrumental music only．The judges finally chose the band Four Square as the winner of the contest．Four Square is a rock band with an unusual twist：it includes a violin player! The members of Four Square write their own songs and practice three times a week after schoo1．
Students and teachers agreed that the band competition was：a big success．All are looking forward to the school picnic in June．
小题1:What can be the best title for the article?| A．Famous Band Visits Schoo1． | | B．Teachers Give Music Lessons． | | C．Students Have Fun at School Picnic． | | D．School Holds Student Band Contest． |
小题2:The underlined word“formulaic”in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____________．| A．expensive | B．dull | C．1ong | D．uncertain |
小题3:Why did the teachers ask each band to play two songs?| A．To decide which songs to play at the picnic． | | B．To see if the bands could play a variety of songs． | | C．To make sure the contest did not go on too long． | | D．To make the concert more enjoyable for students． |
小题4:According to the article，what is unusual about the band Four Square?| A．It is named after a popular children’s game． | | B．Its members practice several times a week． | | C．It is a rock band with a violinist． | | D．Its members all play guitar． |
小题5:According to the article，what does the band Four Square hope to do in the future?| A．Perform at the school picnic every year． | | B．Perform in many different places． | | C．Buy new instruments． | | D．Record an album． |
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Many years ago，a French naturalist，the Count de Buffon，wrote some books about natural history．The books were a great success even though some critics did not like them．Some critics said，“Count Buffon is more of a poet than a scientist．”
Thomas Jefferson did not like what the Count had said about the natural wonders of the New World．It seemed to Jefferson that the Count had spoken of natural wonders in America as if they were unimportant．
This troubled Thomas Jefferson．He too was a naturalist，as well as a farmer，inventor，historian，writer and politician．He had seen the natural wonders of Europe．To him，they were no more important than those of the New World．
In 1788，Thomas Jefferson wrote about his home state，Virginia．While writing，he thought of its natural beauty and then of the words of the Count de Buffon．At that moment．Jefferson created a new word—belittle．He said．“The Count de Buffon believes that nature belittles her productions on this side of the Atlantic．”
Noah Webster，the American word expert，liked this word．He put it in this English language dictionary in 1806，“Belittle—to make small，unimportant．”
Americans had already accepted Jefferson’s word and started to use it．In 1797，the Independent Chronicle newspaper used the word to describe a politician the paper supported．“He is an honorable man，”the paper wrote，“so let the opposition try to belittle him as much as they please．”
In 1872，a famous American word expert decided that the time had come to kill this word．He said，“Belittle has no chance of becoming English．And as more critical writers of America，like those of Britain，feel no need of it，the sooner it is forgotten，the better．”
This expert failed to kill the word．Today．belittle is used where the English language is spoken．
小题1:Why did Thomas Jefferson disagree with the Count de Buffon?| A．The Count said something silly about the Atlantic． | | B．The Count wasn’t a true scientist in natural history． | | C．The Count was a poet from a different country． | | D．The Count belittled the natural wonders in America． |
小题2:We can infer that Jefferson created the word“belittle”out of his ．| A．anger | B．excitement | C．kindness | D．responsibility |
小题3:From the text we can know that ．| A．all critics thought little of the Count de Buffon | | B．Europe has better wonders than the New World | | C．the word“belittle”survived from disagreements | | D．word experts can change the future of a new word |
小题4:Which of the following is true of the word“belittle”?| A．It is gradually accepted by people． | | B．It was invented by the Count de Buffon． | | C．It was used to describe nature． | | D．The Independent Chronicle made it popular． |
小题5:What is the main idea of the text?| A．How the word“belittle”came into being． | | B．The argument about natural wonders． | | C．Every word has a long history behind． | | D．Noah Webster supported Jefferson’s idea． |
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Almost anywhere in the world, you can probably see graffiti (涂鸦画). Although it’s usually more common in big cities, it can be found in almost any community, big or small.
The problem with graffiti art is the question of whether it’s really art. This isn’t always an easy question to answer, simply because there are so many different types of graffiti. While some simply consists of collections of letters, known as tags, with little artistic value, such examples are easy to find, especially on larger spaces such as walls.
If it weren’t for the fact that most graffiti is placed on private property without permission, it might be more commonly recognized as a legal form of art. Most graffiti, however, annoys the property owner, who is more likely to paint over it or remove it than accept it as art.
Many ways of removing graffiti have been developed, such as paints that dissolve graffiti paint, or make it easy to remove. Community groups and government departments often organize graffiti-removal teams.
It hardly makes sense to encourage artists to deface (丑化) private or public property; but perhaps there are ways to work with them rather than just oppose them. Graffiti artists can, for example, create murals (壁画) for property owners, and get paid for them.
Maybe we need to start at a very basic level, and find a way to encourage the creation of graffiti art on paper or canvas rather than on walls. After all, who would remember Monet or Picasso if they’d created their masterpieces on walls, only to have them painted over the next day? Finding a solution to such a complex problem is never going to be easy, but with more and more graffiti art being recognized in galleries around the world, we do need to try.
小题1:What would be the best title for this passage?| A．How to Be a Good Graffiti Artist. | | B．Stop Removing Graffiti! | | C．Do You Like Graffiti? | | D．Is Graffiti Art? |
小题2:The reason why people remove graffiti is that it ______.| A．makes buildings ugly | B．has no artistic value at all | | C．robs private property | D．takes up too much space |
小题3:In Paragraph 4, the underlined word "dissolve" is closest in meaning to ______.| A．change | B．flow | C．remove | D．freeze |
小题4:The example of Monet and Picasso are mentioned in the passage to indicate that ______.| A．they are world-famous artists | | B．they are good at graffiti | | C．walls are right places to keep their masterpieces | | D．their works, if painted on the wall, might not be kept long |
小题5:The writer’s attitude toward graffiti is that graffiti ______.| A．should be removed by more countries | | B．should be saved on larger spaces | | C．should be created only on paper or canvas | | D．may be accepted as art |
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