Melbourne, with a population of over 3.5 million, is the second largest city in
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Melbourne, with a population of over 3.5 million, is the second largest city in Australia. It is clean, safe, dynamic and exciting, and well known internationally for its universities and other educational institutions. The city has well-planned tree-lined wide streets and many beautiful parks and gardens. It has a good transport system of roads, buses, trains, and trams. The La Trobe University campus is connected to the Central Business District by trams, express buses, and bus and train connections. Melbourne is a culturally rich city, and is home to large communities of people from all parts of Europe, the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The city is famous for its restaurants, theatres, music, opera, ballet, art, culture, and shops, and a lively and dynamic nightlife. Melbourne people are fond of sports, and the city hosts many famous international sports events. Near Melbourne there are beautiful coastlines with excellent beaches, national parks, forests, wineries (葡萄酒厂), winter snowfields and summer resorts. The climate is temperate and comfortable, with warm summers and cool winters. In summer, maximum daytime temperatures range from 26°C to 36°C, and in winter from 12°C to 18°C. The weather in Melbourne can be variable from day to day. Melbourne was rated the world"s best city to live in by the Economist Intelligence Unit.
小题1: Melbourne is well-known in the world for its _____.| A．large population | B．educational institutions | | C．transport system | D．beautiful parks and gardens |
小题2:According to the passage, Melbourne is a city where _____.| A．rich people choose to live | B．the best wine is produced | | C．various cultures exist | D．Asian food is popular |
小题3:The underlined word “temperate” most probably means _____.小题4:The best title for the passage might be _____.| A．An Ideal Place for Shopping | B．A City with the Best Climate | | C．The World"s Best City to Live in | D．The World"s Most Beautiful City |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍了墨尔本这个城市。通过各方面的分析，包括文化，气候，地理位置等，说明墨尔本是最宜居的城市。
小题1:细节题：从第一段的句子：It is clean, safe, dynamic and exciting, and well known internationally for its universities and other educational institutions. 可知墨尔本因为它的教育机构而著名，选B
小题2:细节题：从文章的句子：Melbourne is a culturally rich city, and is home to large communities of people from all parts of Europe, the Americas, Africa, and Asia. 可知在墨尔本有多种文化并存，选C
小题3:猜词题：“temperate”出现在文中“The climate is temperate and comfortable， with warm summers and cool winters.”一句，其中“comfortable”和“temperate”两个形容词由连词and连接来构成并列结构，那么他们表示的感情色彩应该是相同或是相近的。而下文紧接着的一句话中，作者用翔实的数据来说明最高日温，这也暗示了当地的气候情况。在文章的结尾部分，既然作者提及墨尔本是世界上最适宜居住的城市，那么备选答案中A（炎热）、C（干燥）、D（寒冷）都其实与这一定位并不匹配。选B
小题4:主旨题：文章介绍了墨尔本这个城市，最后一句话总结：Melbourne was rated the world"s best city to live in by the Economist Intelligence Unit.可知 The World"s Best City to Live in这个标题最合适。选C |
举一反三
Dutch treat is a late-nineteenth-century term, and it originally refers to a dinner where everyone is expected to pay for his own share of the food and drink. If people go “Dutch treat”, or simply “go Dutch”, it means that they will share the expenses of a social engagement.
There are many other “Dutch” expressions in English, many of which were invented in Britain in the seventeenth century, when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. The British used “Dutch” to refer to something bad, cheap and shameful. A “Dutch bargain” at that time was an uneven, one-sided deal; “Dutch reckoning” was an unitemized(未逐条记载的) account; and “Dutch widow” was slang for prostitute. Later centuries brought in “Dutch courage”, for bravery caused by drink; “Dutch concert”, for noisy music; “Dutch nightingale”, meaning a frog; and “double Dutch”, for incomprehensible language or talk.
Some of the expressions are still in use today, but some are not. In fact, in American English, some “Dutch” expressions have nothing to do with the Dutch, but something with the German. It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German), when German immigrants came to America in the 1700s. For instance, “the Pennsylvania Dutch” refers to the German descendants, instead of the Dutch descendants, living in Pennsylvania.
小题1:Many of the “Dutch” expressions were invented with negative sense, because ___________. | A．The Dutch were underdeveloped people. | | B．Britain and Holland were competitors at that time. | | C．The Dutch had many bad habits. | | D．The British were superior to the Dutch. |
小题2: With the information you get from Paragraph 2, make a guess at the meaning of the sentence “You are in Dutch”. It probably means ____________ .| A．You are in Holland. | B．You are welcome. | | C．You are in trouble. | D．You are lucky. |
小题3:According to the passage, some native American “Dutch” expressions were related to the German instead of the Dutch, simply because ______________.| A．People hated the German as much as the Dutch. | | B．People made a mistake at the beginning. | | C．People made a joke about the German. | | D．The German immigrants proclaimed that they were Dutch. |
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You may have heard some respectable elders say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”
Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to give a dinner for friends, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, and decide which food to cook first, and such planning is essential and necessary for any type of meal to be served.
Similarly, you can make a blueprint for your could-be-job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your service.
This account of yourself is actually a description of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to filling out standard application blanks and it is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience and other qualifications will pay him to employ you, and your abilities must be displayed on an orderly and reasonably connected manner. When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something exact to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job.
Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking in the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Obtaining a job is your job now!
小题1:When the elders say, “It’s not what you want in the world, but what you get”, they mean ______. | A．you will certainly get what you want | | B．it’s no use dreaming but be practical | | C．you should never be satisfied with what you have | | D．it’s essential to be ambitious |
小题2:The blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used as______. | A．a set rule for job hunters | | B．a suggestion on how to get a good job | | C．an example of how to plan important things ahead | | D．a guideline for a job description |
小题3:In the passage, the author mainly intends to point out the importance of ____.| A．writing up a detailed plan for a job interview | | B．keeping a blueprint of what you want to do | | C．drawing a description of your working life | | D．seeking the employment you want |
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Most kinds of rose plants come from Asia. But roses are also native to other areas including northwest Africa, Europe and the United States. In 1986, Congress chose the rose as America’s national flower. Technically, Congress and President Ronald Reagan declared it the “national floral emblem.” Whatever the name, the decision did not smell sweet to supporters of others popular flowers.
Some people say roses are difficult to grow. But you have a good chance of success if you start with a few suggestions from experts. You should plant your roses where they can get sunshine for about six hours on bright days. You can buy roses form a garden center or by mail order. You can buy potted roses, also known as container roses, or bare-root plants. Each kind has its fans.
Some gardeners say potted roses are easier to plant. They say the roots develop better. But Jeffrey Dinslage, an expert, pint out that bare-root roses come without soil. So they weigh less to transport.
Another expert advises getting bare-foot roses as close to planting time as you can. If they arrive before you are ready to plant them, make sure the packing material is moist. Keep the plants in a cool, dark place. The resting plants have no leaves but still need water. When growing roses, the soil should feel moist deep down. Watering should be done in the morning.
But do not water too much. People often ask Jeffrey Dinslage about unhealthy discoloration on rose leaves. He says the spots are usually caused by too much water. After heavy rains or too much watering, he advises pulling away mulch, the substance used to protect the roots, temporarily from around the roots. This will help dry the soil.
小题1:From the first paragraph, we know that in the United States _______. | A．all the people like roses | B．there are a lot of national flowers | | C．some roses don’t smell sweet | D．there are some other popular flowers |
小题2:Why does Jeffrey Dinslage suggest planting bare-root roses?| A．They are easier to plant. | B．Their roots develop better. | | C．They are cheap to transport | D．Their leaves need no water |
小题3:Which of following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “moist”?| A．Slightly wet. | B．Pretty dry. | C．Too hard. | D．Lightly soft. |
小题4:According to Jeffrey Dinslage, people should ______ to avoid the spots on the rose leaves. | A．not water roses in the morning | B．protect the roots of roses | | C．improve the quality of the soil | D．not water roses very much |
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Cold weather has a great effect, on how our minds and our bodies work. Maybe that is why there are so many expressions that use the word “cold”. For centuries, the body’s blood has been linked closely with the emotions. People who show no human emotions or feelings, for example, are said to be cold-blooded. Cold-blood people act in a merciless way. They may do brutal things to others, and not by accident. For example, a newspaper says the police are searching for a cold-blooded killer. The killer murdered someone, not in self-defense. He seemed to kill with no emotion.
Cold can affect other parts of the body, the feet, for example. Heavy socks can warm your feet, if your feet are really cold. But there is an expression ---- to get cold feet--- that has nothing to do with cold or your feet. The expression means being afraid to do something you decided to do. For example, you agree to be president of an organization. But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned. All the work of the organization will be your responsibility. You are likely to get cold feet about being president when you understand the situation.
Cold can also affect your shoulder. You “give someone the cold shoulder” when you refuse to speak to them. You treat them in a distant, cold way. The expression probably come from the physical act of turning your back toward someone, instead of speaking to him face-to- face. You may give a cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise he made to you or to someone who has lied about you to others.
“A cold fish” is not a fish. It is a person. But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and show no love or warmth. A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone.
“Out in the cold” is and expression often heard. It means not getting something that everybody else got. A person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise. He was left our in the cold. And it is not a pleasant place to be.
小题1: The text is intended to tell us that ______. | A．cold weather has a great effect on human bodies | | B．“cold” is a word closely linked with human emotions | | C．many English expressions contain the word “cold” | | D．the word “cold” has many different meanings in English |
小题2:The underline word “brutal” in paragraph 1 most probably means ______. | A．merciless | B．illegal | C．impolite | D．extreme |
小题3:Which phrase can best describe a person who is unwilling to offer anything to others?| A．Cold-blooded. | B．To get cold shoulder. | | C．A cold fish. | D．A cold shoulder. |
小题4:If the teacher gives all the boys except Tom a pen as a prize, you can say he ______. | A．is given the cold shoulder | B．is punished by a cold fish | | C．has got cold feet | D．is left out in the cold |
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"Indeed," George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, "some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home." But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen hade been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, "to install (安装) an alarm". Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others" conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant "to cheat", and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as "little problems and difficulties" that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison "had been up the two previous nights discovering "a bug" in his invented record player."
小题1:We learn from Paragraph 1 that __________________.| A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug | | B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug | | C．the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century | | D．both Englishman and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century |
小题2:What does the word "flaw" in the last paragraph probably mean?| A．Fault. | B．Finding. | C．Origin. | D．Explanation. |
小题3:The passage is mainly concerned with__________________.| A．the misunderstanding of the word bug | | B．the development of the word bug | | C．the public views of the word bug | | D．the special characteristics of the word bug |
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