A long time ago, before there was any money (coins or paper money), people got t

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A long time ago, before there was any money (coins or paper money), people got the things that they needed by trading or exchanging. Salt was one of the first items used to exchange for other items. Later, some of the common things that were used for exchanging were tea leaves, shells, feathers, animal teeth, tobacco, and blankets. Around 3000 BC, barley, a type of grain, was used for exchanging.
The world’s first metal money was developed by the Sumerians who melted silver into small bars all weighing the same. This was around 1000 BC. About three hundred years later, people started using coins as official money.
Around 640 BC, people in the ancient kingdom of Lydia ( which was in Turkey) created special coins of exact with and purity (纯度). They were made of gold and silver and were stamped with a lion’s head.
Later, other empires such as Greece, Persia, and Rome adopted the concept of coins and started developing their own in many different shapes and different metals.
Around the year 1000, the Chinese started using paper money. The Chinese were the first to use paper money. The Europeans discovered this thanks to Marco Polo who went to China in 1295. the Chinese had different values for the paper notes which were made by the Chinese government.
Around 1661, Sweden became the first European country to make paper money. Until 1850, the Spanish dollar was the coin most widely used throughout the world.
小题1:What is the best title for this passage?

A． The history of money

B． How people traded in the past

C． The invention of paper money

D． The use of coins around the world

小题2:We learn that before coins and paper money were used, _____.

A． barley had always been used for exchanging

B． only a few people knew how to trade with others

C． salt was the most widely used item for exchanging

D． many kinds of things were used for exchanging

小题3:According to the passage, when did people start using coins as official money?
A. Around 1300 BC. B. Around 1000 BC.
C. Around 700 BC. D. Around 640 BC.
小题4:The underlined word “adopted” in Paragraph 4 probably means “____”.

A． replaced	B． changed
C． accepted	D． invented

小题5:Which of the following countries first started to use paper money?

A．Spain

B．China

C．Sweden

D．Lydia

答案

小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:C
小题5:B

解析

略

举一反三

China may be the world"s most populous country ,and it won the most gold medals at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. But its prowess at soccer is lamentable. China is ranked 84th in the sport"s world standing.
Chinese are huge soccer fans, and hundreds of millions are expected to tune in to the World Cup, with all the matches broadcast live on public TV. But this time the Chinese don"t have their own team to root for.
"Chinese have a reputation of being good at math, but they have trouble explaining why a population of 1.3 billion cannot produce a winning 11-member soccer team," said Xu Guoqi, a history professor at the University of Hong Kong. Journalists and soccer fans offer a number of reasons, most often money issues, politics, corruption（腐败）and culture, and sometimes a combination of the four.
Even though China now boasts wealthy companies and individuals who could sponsor（赞助） teams, there is little support as long as Chinese teams are perceived as perennial losers. "This is a very bad circle," Ma said. "No results, no money. No money, no results."
Few Chinese children are playing soccer. Some sports journalists and fans attribute the lack of interest partly to schools de-emphasizing sports in general and the lack of playing venues in the country"s dense urban areas. "What can Chinese kids do?” said Fan Huiming, 61, a Chinese soccer fan who grew up watching matches at Beijing"s Workers" Stadium, which was built in 1958 near his childhood home. "If they play soccer, the ball may fly directly into the glass of someone"s home."
For young people, soccer has largely been eclipsed by basketball, thanks in part to Chinese NBA players who are treated like rock stars. Journalists and fans say NBA"s aggressive campaign of marketing and merchandise in China has helped swell the popularity of basketball. By comparison, they noted that international soccer does not even have an office in China.
Rowan Simons, a Briton who came to China more than two decades ago and discovered he wasn"t able to play weekend soccer, has been on a campaign to popularize the sport here. Simons said the main problem is that soccer elsewhere has traditionally started as a series of neighborhood clubs, but in China, "there"s virtually no football at community level".
"Football in China can only succeed if it"s a grass-roots activity organized by the people," he said.
小题1:This time the Chinese don"t have their own team to root for in the World Cup because__________.

A．China is ranked 84th in soccer "s world standing.

B．they are angry about why China cannot produce a winning soccer team.

C．the Chinese huge soccer fans support other soccer teams.

D．the Chinese soccer team is not capable to go as far as the final part of the World Cup.

小题2:Why are few Chinese children playing soccer?
A.No results, no money. No money, no results.
B.If the footballs fly directly into the glass of someone"s home,they’ll be criticised.
C there is little support from wealthy companies and individuals sponsoring teams.
D.schools don’t pay much attention on sports and they lack playing venues in dense urban areas.
小题3:The underlined word“eclipsed”in the six paragraph can be replaced by .

A．occupied.

B．beaten.

C．led.

D．compared.

小题4:According to Rowan,what can be inferred ?

A．NBA players are more popular than soccer players in China.

B．The future of Chinese football is rather promising.

C．Chinese football should get into the life of ordinary people to survive.

D．Grass-roots Chinese football players can be popular .

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TOKYO— At first glance, Japanese cellphones are young people’s favorites, with elegant design and quick access to the Internet. However, despite years of competition in overseas markets, Japan’s cellphone makers have little presence beyond the country’s shores.
The only Japanese cellphone maker with any meaningful global share is Sony Ericsson, and that company is a London-based joint venture(合资企业)between a Japanese electronics maker and a Swedish telecommunications firm.
And Sony Ericsson has been hit by big losses. Its market share was just 6.3 percent in the first quarter of 2009, behind Nokia of Finland, Samsung Electronics and LG of South Korea, and Motorola of Illinois.
This year, Mr Natsuno, who developed a popular wireless Internet service called i-Mode, invited some of the best minds in the field to debate how Japanese cellphones could go global.
“The most amazing thing about Japan is that even the average person out there will have a very advanced phone, ”said Mr Natsuno. Japan has 100 million users of advanced third-generation smart phones, twice the number of the United States, a much larger market. Many Japanese rely on their phones, not a PC, for Internet access.
Indeed, Japanese cellphone makers thought they had positioned themselves to dominate（支配）the age of digital data. But they were a little too clever. In the 1990s, they set a standard for the second-generation network that was refused everywhere else. Then Japan quickly adopted a third-generation standard in 2001. However, it made Japanese phones too advanced for most markets.
Several Japanese companies are now considering a push into overseas markets, including NEC. Panasonic, Sharp, Toshiba and Fujitsu are said to be planning similar moves.
“Japanese cellphone makers need to either look overseas, or exit the business”, said Kenshi Tazaki, a managing vice president at the consulting firm Gartner Japan.
小题1:Through the first paragraph, the author intends to tell us that___________.

A．Japanese cellphones are popular with young people

B．Japanese cellphones don’t sell well abroad

C．Japanese cellphones are very advanced

D．Japanese cellphones are specially designed for young people

小题2:The cellphone company with the largest global market share is located in______.

A．Japan

B．America

C．South Korea

D．Finland

小题3:Why are Japanese cellphone makers a little too clever?

A．Because their technical standards are too advanced to be accepted overseas.

B．Because they only produce advanced cellphones.

C．Because they used the second-generation network earlier than others.

D．Because their phones are more advanced than PCs.

小题4:Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．Japanese cellphone companies are unsuccessful.

B．Japan has more cellphone users than the US.

C．Japanese cellphone industry intends to expand overseas markets.

D．Going global—a difficult task for Japanese companies.

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第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
GENEVA--- The use of stimulants (兴奋剂) or drugs is increasing and something must be done about it, the WHO (World Health Organization) said on Friday.
In the 1970s the international focus was on heroin. In the 1980s and the 1990s the focus was on cocaine. Now in the 21^stcentury we are becoming frightened by the rapid increase in amphetamine--type stimulants, not only in the rich countries of the world but the whole world,” said the official of the WHO.
Amphetamines are often used by the workers, such as long-distance truck drivers, to increase endurance(耐久力) or delay sleep, the official said.
About 3 percent of the population of the world use amphetamine, experts said. In Britain, among young people between the ages of 16 and 19, fourteen percent of them have used amphetamine.
In Korea, Japan, Denmark, the Philippines and Australia , amphetamine are more widely used than heroin or cocaine, a reporter said. The problem is also widespread in the United States, Western and Eastern Europe.
56. How many kinds of drugs are mentioned in this passage ?
A. Four B. Three C. One D. Not clear
57. Why does the use of amphetamine-- type stimulants frighten us?
A. Because the use of it is rapidly increased in the whole world.
B. Because many teenagers in Britain have used it.
C. Because it is dangerous if drivers use it.
D. Because people nowadays don’t use heroin or cocaine but amphetamines.
58. What is the purpose of writing this article?
A. To introduce the problem of using amphetamine in America and Europe.
B. To explain why there are so many people in the world using amphetamine.
C. To tell the history of the use of amphetamine.
D. To pay much attention to the increasing problem of using drugs.

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In Washington D.C., 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue is a very special address. It is the address of the White House, the home of the president of the United States.
Originally the White House was gray and was called the presidential Palace. It was built from 1792 to 1800. At this time, the city of Washington itself was being built. It was to be the nation’s new capital city. George Washington, the first president, and Pierre Charles L"Enfant, a French engineer, chose the place for the new city. L"Enfant then planned the city. The president"s home was an important part of the plan.
A contest was held to pick a design for the president"s home. An architect named James Hoban won. He designed a large three-story house of gray stone.
President Washington never lived in the Presidential Palace. The first president to live there was John Adams, the second president of the United States, and his wife Mrs.Adams did not really like her new house. In her letters, she often complained about the cold. Fifty fireplaces were not enough to keep the house warm.
In 1812 the United States and Britain went to war. In 1814 the British invaded Washington. They burned many buildings, including the Presidential Palace.
After the war James Hoban, the original architect, partially rebuilt the president’s home. To cover the marks of the fire, the building was painted white. Before long it became known as the White House.
The White House is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the United States. Every year more than 1.5 million visitors go through the five rooms that are open to the public.
小题1:The White House was built in Washington_____.

A．because a French engineer was invited to design it

B．because President George Washington liked to live in it

C．because the British invaders lived in it in1812-1814

D．because it was to be the nation’s capital city

小题2:The president’s home and the city of Washington were______.

A．built by the American army	B．built by the British troops
C．planed by George Washington	D．planned by the French

小题3:The original home of the president needed to be rebuilt______.

A．because John Adams’ wife did not like it

B．because it was cold in winter even with 50 fireplace

C．because it had been burned down during the war

D．because George Washington was not willing to live in it

小题4:The new presidential home was painted white to ______.
A. cover the marks of fire B. attract tourist from France
D. to please Mrs. John Adams D. keep it warm in winter

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第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Harvard University is on the both sides of the Charles River. The oldest institution of higher learning in the United States was founded in 1636. In 1638 it was named for John Harvard, its first founder. During the 1640s the college was enlarged although it was short of money. Meant to be an institution for the educatiou of Puritan ministers (清教牧师), it grew to be an institution of general education, and new and more subjects and policies (政策) were introduced. In the 18th century, particularly under John Leverett, the number of the students and campus equipment increased while the religious (宗教的) color decreased. In its early years, the college was largely supported by the English colony and the New England community as a whole, but support soon came in the form of gifts, and in 1823 the state money was received for the last time. Under Charles W. Eliot, the college became a great modem university. Its basic courses improved and enlarged, the graduate school was set up for those who finished their four-year undergraduate study, and the law and medical schools were reorganized. Eliot is also famous for his introduction of the elective system at Harvard. Besides Harvard College, the university includes schools of divinity (1816), law (1817), arts and science (1872), education (1920), engineering (1935), reorganization of Lawrence Science School of 1847, public administration (1935). Harvard also has schools of business administration (1908), medicine (1782), public health (1922), and dental health ( 1941 ). Radcliffe College for women is connected with Harvard; its students are taught by Harvard professors and receive diplomas given by Harvard. The university library, among the nation"s finest houses over 8 mil- lion volumes, and the Fogg Museum of Art is one of the finest university museums in the world. Harvard is closely connected with a large number of research institutions as well.
56. Harvard University
A. has a history of more than 450 years
B. was enlarged in the middle of the 17th century
C. was first meant to be an institution for general education since its foundation
D. was founded by John Leverett
57. One of John Leverett"s greatest contributions to Harvard University is most probably that
A. he set up Harvard University
B. he freed Harvard University from the support of the state
C. he made Harvard a Puritan university
D. he helped develop general education in Harvard University
58. Which of the following statements might NOT be true about Charles W. Eliot?
A. Under his leadership, Harvard University became a modern university.
B. He introduced the elective system at Harvard University.
C. He improved and enlarged Harvard University, making it a modern university.
D. He tried hard to reduce the religious colour of Harvard University.
59. Which of the following statements is true about Harvard University according to the passage?
A. Harvard is a large and modern university with a long history.
B. Harvard has the world"s finest library with its 8 million of books.
C. Harvard University has the nation"s best art museum.
D. Radcliffe College for men is one of the schools of Harvard University.

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