Tristan da Cunha, a 38 –square –mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in
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Tristan da Cunha, a 38 –square –mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest, St. Helena, and I, 950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral (上将) of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.
Coming in a close second –and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant land –is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbor, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.
The mountainous 64 –square –mile island was settled around the 5th century，supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous.
On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory (智利领土). They share one street, a small airport, and a few hours of television per day.
小题1:It can be learned from the text that the island of Tristan da Cunha ________.| A．was named after its discoverer | | B．got its name from Holland settlers | | C．was named by the British government | | D．got its name from the Guinness Book of Records |
小题2:Which of the following is most famous for moai?| A．Tristan da Cuha. | B．Pitcairn Island. | C．Easter Island. | D．St. Helena. |
小题3:Which country does Easter Island belong to?| A．Britain. | B．Holland. | C．Portugal. | D．Chile. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:D |
解析
小题1:本题考查根据文章细节进行推理判断的能力。由第一段第三句 “Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506…”,可知，这个岛屿名字是以岛屿发现者的名字来命名的。故A为最佳答案。
小题2:本题考查理解文章细节信息的能力。由第二段尤其是第三段第二句 “They had no connection with ….giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous. ”可知, Easter Island （复活节岛）是智利在南太平洋上的一个小岛。故C为最佳答案。
小题3:本题考查根据文章细节进行推理判断的能力。由最后一段 “On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory.”中的On Easter Sunday; gave the island its name ; the Chilean territory可以推断Easter Island(复活岛)属于Chile (智利)。故D为最佳答案。 |
举一反三
The government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean. The place would be large enough to hold about two million seeds. The goal is to present all crops known to scientists. The British magazine New Scientist published details of the plan last month. The structure will be designed to protect the world’s food supply against nuclear war, climate change and other possible threats. It will be built in a mountain on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen. The mountain is less than one thousand kilometers from the North Pole, the northernmost position on earth.
An international group called the Global Crop Diversity Trust is working on the project. The director of the group, Cary Fowler, spoke to New Scientist. He said the project would let the world rebuild agriculture if, in his word, “the worst came to the worst”. Norway is expected to start work next year. The project is expected to cost three million dollars. Workers will drill deep in the side of a sandstone mountain. Temperatures in the area never rise above 0ºC. The seeds will be protected behind concrete walls a meter thick and high-security door.
The magazine report says the collection will represent the products of ten thousand years of farming. Most of the seeds at first will come from collections at seed banks in Africa, Asia and Latin America. To last a long time, seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures. Workers will not be present al the time. But they plan to replace the air inside the storage space each winter. Winter temperatures on the island are about eighteen degrees below 0ºC. The cold weather would protect the seeds even if the air could not be replaced.
Mr. Fowler says the proposed structure will be the world’s most secure gene bank. He says the plant seeds would only be used when all other seeds are gone for some reason. Norway first proposed the idea in the 1980s. But security concerns delayed the plan. At that time, the Soviet Union was meeting in Rome of the Food and Agriculture Organization.
小题1:The project is meant to ______.| A．increase the world’s food output in the future | | B．carry out some scientific experiments on plant genes | | C．protect crop seeds from dying out in case of possible disasters | | D．build an exhibition centre of the world’s plant seeds |
小题2:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the above passage?| A．The government of Norway will perform the project alone. | | B．Seeds to be collected there were produced ten thousands years ago. | | C．Spitsbergen is chosen because it is free of the threat unclear war forever. | | D．Temperature is a major consideration when choosing the storage place. |
小题3:We can infer from the text that _______.| A．People will get newly-developed seeds from the center every year. | | B．The storage center will greatly promote world agriculture | | C．Norway had meant to build the storage centre about 20 years before. | | D．There haven’t been any seed storage centres in the world before. |
小题4:What is probably the best title of the passage?| A．The Best Place to Store Seeds | B．Noah’s Ark（诺亚方舟）of Plant Seeds in Plan | | C．Concerns of World Food Supply | D．A New Way to Feed the World |
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Every day we meet people in a number of business and social situations. And the way we meet and greet them creates an impression. It’s important to do so in a proper way, no matter whether you are introducing yourself to someone, or introducing two people. To keep you aware of this, we have gathered tips on how to make a proper introduction.
◎Always stand when making an introduction.
When you are seated and someone comes up to greet you, make the effort to stand up. By doing this, you show respect for yourself and for the other person.
◎Always keep eye contact while making an introduction.
Many people are not aware of the value of this simple action. When you make eye contact, you are giving a confident image.
◎Always introduce a person of lesser authority to one of greater authority. The most important thing to remember is to say the most important person’s name first.
For example, when introducing your supervisor to a job candidate (求职应征者), you would give your supervisor’s name first. “Bob Jones, may I introduce Susan Lee, who has just graduated from ABC University?”
◎In a situation where rank is unimportant, an introduction is based on sex and age. A man is presented to a woman and a younger woman to an older woman.
What if you find yourself in a situation where you have forgotten the other person’s name? Start with a handshake and reintroduce (再介绍) yourself. When doing this, you will usually cause the other person to do the same.
However, if the other person does not take your suggestion, it is OK simply to apologize and let the person know that you cannot remember her or his name. This is not the ideal situation, of course, but it does happen to all of us. The other person should be forgiving.
小题1:The article gives you advice on ________.
how to make a self-introduction
how to make a proper introduction
how to leave a good impression on people
how to greet people in social situations
小题2:According to the passage, people will think you are ________ if you don’t make eye contact with them. | A．not honest | B．not confident | C．shy | D．unfriendly |
小题3:What should you do when you introduce a new worker to your boss?| A．You should not give your boss’ name. | | B．You should give the new worker’s name first. | | C．You needn’t give your boss’ name | | D．You should give your boss’ name first |
小题4:If you forget the other person’s name, you’d better _______.| A．ask him/her directly | | B．apologize first and then ask him/her | | C．shake hands with the person and reintroduce yourself | | D．consider his age first |
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Fidenzio Salvatori is determined that the city of Toronto will have an outdoor marketplace for merchants from its immigrant community, complete with dancing and other forms of amusement form their native countries. “Toronto is truly multicultural (多元文化的)，” he said in a newspaper interview. “It’s a city from many places, and multicultural marketplace will help Torontonians to understand and appreciate the rich variety of cultural groups in our city.”
Salvatori, aged 23, will soon complete his studies at the University of Toronto. He was eleven years old when he came to Canada from Italy with his parents. “Most of Toronto’s immigrants are from lands where the marketplace has always been part of daily life,” he said.
Salvatori has been interested in getting an open-air market for Toronto for the last three years. This year, with the help of two fellow students, he prepared a proposal on the subject and presented it to the city’s Executive committee, asking for their support. The proposal pointed out Toronto’s rich variety of national groups, “whose customs include market shopping.”
Under a Canadian government program for multiculturalism, the three students have received two thousand dollars with which they will do a study to find out whether Toronto’s immigrant businessmen would support an open-air market. They hope the merchants will support the plan strongly. “A study done earlier this year showed that 90 percent of shoppers would be in favor of it,” Salvatori said. “At first it would be an experiment. But we think it will prove to be good business for the merchants, as well as tourist attraction.”
小题1:What is Fidenzio Salvatori’s purpose of having an outdoor marketplace for Toronto?| A．To provide different forms of amusement. | | B．To keep the cultural variety of the city. | | C．To inspire its immigrant community. | | D．To satisfy its immigrant merchants. |
小题2:Fidenzio Salvatori, with two other students, has got two thousand dollars from the government ______.| A．to make an experiment | B．to perform a research | | C．to start a marketplace | D．to operate a business |
小题3:According to Salvatori, the marketplace may also help to improve Toronto’s ______.| A．market management | B．travel industry | | C．community service | D．city planning |
小题4:It can be inferred from the text that the Canadian government supports ______.| A．the protection of different cultures | B．the plan of an open-air market | | C．the request of merchants | D．the attitude of shoppers |
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Wearing a big hat and playing a guitar, a country music singer is using his rising and falling voice to tell the audience about his love, hope and loss. Few people could avoid getting caught up in his feelings.
This is the appeal（魅力）of country music, which speaks to the basic emotions of human life. Throughout the 20th century, it has grown into one of the most original and lasting American musical forms.
Country music"s roots are in the songs of the American South, brought over by early immigrants(移民) from England. Those songs expressed the hardships of rural life and deep religious beliefs. In the 1920s, country music came into being as its first recordings were made. Early stars like Jimmy Rodger, known as "The Father of Country Music", and the Carter Family established its strong traditions － good song-writing, singing and playing.
Much of this music was written for and brought to the American public through the cowboy films of the 1930s and 1940s. It was widely popular then and many singers turned up on stage wearing Western fringe and cowboy hats.
In the 1950s, the country music recording industry was set up in Nashville and moved away from its rough roots. But singers like John Denver, with his hit track "Take Me Home, Country Roads", insisted on the originality and emotions of "real" country music.
Younger artists in the 1990s turned to older country styles and mixed t3vhem with elements of rock "n" roll. Steve Earle, with his song "The Devil"s Right Hand", is typical of this so-called "another country music".
Country music continues to speak to Americans of all ages and backgrounds. And it gives the nation an identity（独特性）.
Unlike pop music, country music was American, and only American. During its development, it continued to emphasize that "American" element and sounded completely different from its English ancestors. It may even be said that its sound and story tell the history of the United States.
小题1:Which of the following is the typical image(形象) when a country music singer performs?| A．Wearing a big hat and playing a guitar. | | B．Using the rising and falling voice. | | C．Telling about his love, hope and loss. | | D．Singing for those working in the fields. |
小题2:Which of the following statements about country music is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Country music was created by immigrants from England. | | B．Country music comes from South American songs. | | C．John Denver was known as "The Father of Country Music" | | D．Country music that belongs to pop music was American, and only American. |
小题3:The underlined expression “getting caught up in” probably means_________.| A．become interested or involved in | | B．becoming fashionable or popularin | | C．become caught in | | D．breaking away from |
小题4:The author mentioned Jimmy Rodger, John Denver and Steve Earle to __.| A．tell us the stage singing style of country music | | B．show the process of the development of country music | | C．attract the audience"s attention to country music | | D．introduce some famous stars to readers |
小题5:When did Country music begin to turn into a stage art？| A．In the 1920s | B．In the 1940s | C．in the 1950s | D．in the 1990s |
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The history of newspapers is an often-dramatic chapter of the human experience going back some six centuries.In Renaissance Europe handwritten newsletters circulated(发行) privately among merchants,passing along information about everything from wars and economic conditions to social customs and “human interest” features.The first printed newspaper appeared in Germany in the late 1400s in the form of news pamphlets(小册子) or broadsides.
In the English-speaking world,the earliest predecessors(前身) of the newspaper were corantos,small news pamphlets produced only when some event worthy of notice occurred.The first successively published title was The Weekly News of 1622.The first true newspaper in English was the London Gazette of 1666.
In America the first newspaper appeared in Boston in 1690,entitled Public Occurrences.Published without official permission,it was immediately suppressed(查禁).Its publisher was arrested,and all copies were destroyed.The first successful newspaper was the Boston News-Letter,begun by postmaster John Campbell in 1704.By the eve of the Revolutionary War,some two dozen papers were issued at all the colonies.At the war’s end in 1783 there were forty-three newspapers in print. The Bill of Rights in 1791 at last guaranteed freedom of the press,and America’s newspapers began to take on a central role in national affairs.By 1814 there were 346 newspapers.
In the 1830s,advances in printing and papermaking technology led to an explosion of newspaper growth—the emergence(出现) of the “Penny Press”;it was now possible to produce a newspaper that could be sold for just a cent a copy.The cheap newspaper helped people to get more interesting reading materials easily.In 1850,there were 2526 different papers.By the 1910s,all the basic features of the modern newspaper had emerged.
小题1:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Handwritten newsletters came out publicly in Renaissance Europe. | | B．The first printed newspaper was seen about six hundred years ago. | | C．The first successively published newspaper in the English-speaking world was corantos. | | D．In America the first newspaper was successful as soon as it appeared. |
小题2:What does the underlined phrase “Penny Press” in the last paragraph mean?| A．People can press pennies easily. | | B．People can produce newspapers with little cost. | | C．It is a penny factory. | | D．The name of the press owner is Penny. |
小题3:What is the main reason for newspapers in the USA increasing so fast in the 1830s?| A．The pass of the Bill of Rights in 1791. | | B．Newspapers began to take on a central role in national affairs. | | C．Advances in printing and papermaking technology. | | D．All the basic features of the modern newspaper had emerged |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT a newspaper?| A．Public Occurrences. | | B．The Boston News-Letter. | | C．The Bill of Rights. | | D．The London Gazette. |
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