Americans have always been interested in their Presidents" wives. Many First Lad
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Americans have always been interested in their Presidents" wives. Many First Ladies have been remembered because of the ways they have influenced their husbands. Other First Ladies have made the history books on their own.
At least two First Ladies, Bess Truman and Lady Bird Johnson, made it their business to send signals during their husbands speeches. When Lady Bird Johnson thought her husband was talking too long, she wrote a note and sent it up to the platform. It read, "It"s time to stop ! " And he did. Once Bess Truman didn"t like what her husband was saying on television, so she phoned him and said, "If you can"t talk more politely than that in public, you come right home. "
It was First Lady Helen Taft"s idea to plant the famous cherry trees in Washington, D. C. Each spring these blossoming trees attract thousands of visitors to the nation"s capital Mrs. Taft also influenced the male members of her family and the White House staff in a strange way: she convinced(说服)them to shave off their beards(胡须) !
Shortly after President Woodrow Wilson suffered a stroke (中风), Edith Wilson unofficially took over most of the duties of the Presidency until the end of her husband"s term Earlier, during World War I, Mrs. Wilson had sheep brought onto the White House lawn to eat t e grass. The sheep not only kept the lawn cut. but provided wool for an auction(拍卖) held by the First Lady. Almost$ 100,000 was raised for the Red Cross.
One of the most famous First Ladies was Eleanor Roosevelt, the wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. She was active in political and. social causes throughout her husband"s term in office After his death, she became famous for her humanitarian(人道主义的) work in the United Nations. She made life better for thousands of needy people around the world.
小题1:Why have First Ladies been remembered?| A．They are the wives of the presidents. | | B．They are made up of history books. | | C．Americans are interested in them. | | D．They have an effect on their husbands. |
小题2:The examples mentioned in Paragraph 2 show that
A. the two wives did business without their husbands
B. the two wives influenced the presidents" speeches
C. the two wives didn"t like their husbands to make speeches
D the presidents" speeches were often interrupted by their wives.
小题3:Who did the most meaningful work among the first ladies?| A．Lady Bird Johnson. | | B．Mrs. Wilson. | | C．Eleanor Roosevelt. | | D．Helen Taft |
小题4:Which of the following is considered a strange thing the First Lady did?
A. Raise sheep on the White House lawn to get money for the Red Cross.
B. Take over most of the duties throughout their husbands" Presidency.
C. Plant the cherry trees in Washington, D. C. to attract more visitors
D. Persuade the men staff in the White House to shave off their beards.
小题5:How many First Ladies are mentioned in this passage? |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:D
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍美国很有影响力的第一夫人，包括她们对丈夫的影响和对整个国家的影响。
小题1:细节题：从第一段的句子：Many First Ladies have been remembered because of the ways they have influenced their husbands. 可知第一夫人对丈夫有影响，所以被记住，选D
小题2:细节题：从第二段的句子：At least two First Ladies, Bess Truman and Lady Bird Johnson, made it their business to send signals during their husbands speeches. 可知Bess Truman and Lady Bird Johnson 影响丈夫的演讲，选B
小题3:细节题：从最后一段的句子：One of the most famous First Ladies was Eleanor Roosevelt, the wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. She was active in political and. social causes throughout her husband"s term in office After his death, she became famous for her humanitarian(人道主义的) work in the United Nations可知Eleanor Roosevelt.最的是第一夫人中最有意义的工作，选C
小题4:细节题：从第三段的句子：Taft also influenced the male members of her family and the White House staff in a strange way: she convinced(说服)them to shave off their beards(胡须) ! 可知第一夫人做的奇怪的事情是Helen Taft"让男子剃胡须，选D。
小题5:细节题：通读全文：可知文章提到5个第一夫人，分别是：Bess Truman and Lady Bird Johnson, Helen Taft" Edith Wilson 和Eleanor Roosevelt所以选C。 |
举一反三
Before the opening of the Cape Cod Canal in 1914，the only way ships could leave Boston was on a route around Race Point—the northern tip of Cape Cod.However，navigation during the 18th century was a nightmare，because the floating cross current(交叉气流) around Race Point caused countless accidents.So building a lighthouse to lighten the place was very necessary.
As early as 1808，the people of Provincetown requested a lighthouse on Race Point，but it took Congress eight years to react when they finally paid $ 8,000 on April 27,1816 to build a lighthouse —Race Point Light，which was located in the town of Provincetown，Massachusetts.It was first built of stone 25 feet high with no foundation and its light was 30 feet above the sea.It was equipped with one of the nation"s earliest revolving lights.
Actually，there were two other lighthouses on Cape Cod，but they were hit by a storm in October 1841.In the following year，Race Point Light was examined by I．W.P.Lewis，who realized the light"s importance.He said，“The light should be useful to all ships leaving Boston.However，its illuminating power is so weak that people would hardly be able to differentiate it from the lights set on the ships which stay in the bay，or close by.It hasn"t played its role as a lighthouse well.”
The result was that old lighthouse was destroyed and a new iron lighthouse with a proper foundation was put up to take its place.The new lighthouse was 45 feet high.Although the original keeper"s house was in good repair，it was destroyed too and a new one was built.Today the lighthouse has been automated(自动化)and Race Point Light is still an active aid to navigation.
You can park at Race Point Beach and walk about 45 minutes to the lighthouse.Sunset at Race Point Light is one of the Cape Cod"s most popular scenes.And at times whales can be seen in the lighthouse.For reservations to stay one night in the keeper"s house at Race Point call(508)487－9930.
小题1:The underlined word “illuminating” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.| A．preventing accidents | B．cooling the air | | C．providing light | D．predicting weather |
小题2:Why was the original Race Point Light replaced by a new one?| A．It was too old to repair properly. | | B．It hadn"t done a good job in helping the passing ships. | | C．It was destroyed in a storm in October 1841. | | D．It wasn"t high enough and had no foundation. |
小题3:According to the passage，Race Point Light ________.| A．is also a tourist spot now | | B．stopped working after 1914 | | C．was built by I．W.P.Lewis | | D．has been automated since 1841 |
小题4:What can be learned from the passage?| A．The keeper"s house is open to the public now. | | B．The present keeper"s house is the original one. | | C．The two other lighthouses had revolving lights too. | | D．The government didn"t agree to build Race Point Light. |
小题5:What does this passage mainly talk about?| A．The building process of Race Point Light. | | B．The tourism value of Race Point Light. | | C．The three lighthouses on Cape Cod. | | D．The history of Race Point Light. |
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When most of us hear the word chocolate, the verb that comes to mind is probably “eat”, not “drink”, and the most proper adjective would seem to be “sweet”. But for about 90 percent of chocolate’s long history, it was strictly a beverage (饮料), and sugar didn’t have anything to do with it.
The Origin of Chocolate
Many modern historians have estimated that chocolate has been around for about 2000 years, but recent research suggests that it may be even older.
In the book The True History of Chocolate, authors Sophie and Michael Coe prove that the earliest linguistic (语言学的) evidence of chocolate consumption dates back three or even four thousand years.
Valuable and Fashionable Chocolate Beverage
It’s hard to discover exactly when chocolate was born, but it’s clear that it was cherished from the start. For several centuries in pre-modern Latin America, cacao beans were considered valuable enough to use as currency. 100 beans could purchase a good turkey hen, according to a 16th-century Aztec document.
Sweetened chocolate didn’t appear until Europeans discovered the Americas and sampled (品尝) the native cuisine. Chocolate didn’t suit the foreigners’ taste at first — one described it in his writings as “a bitter drink for pigs” — but once mixed with honey or cane sugar, it quickly became popular throughout Spain. By the 17th century, chocolate was a fashionable drink throughout Europe, believed to have nutritious, medicinal functions. But it remained largely a privilege of the rich until the invention of the steam engine made mass production possible in the late 1700s.
The Birth of Solid Chocolate
In 1828, a Dutch chemist found a way to make powdered chocolate. His product became known as “Dutch cocoa”, and it soon led to the creation of solid chocolate. In 1847, Joseph Fry created the first modern chocolate bar. By 1868, a little company called Cadbury was marketing boxes of chocolate candies in England. Milk chocolate hit the market a few years later.
Prosperous Chocolate Industry
In America, chocolate was so valued during the Revolutionary War that it was used instead of wages. Even now, statistics show that the humble cacao bean is still a powerful economic force. Chocolate manufacturing is a more than 4-billion-dollar industry in the United States, and the average American eats at least half a pound of the stuff per month.
小题1:The earliest chocolate was most probably _________.| A．a dish | B．a drink | C．a bar | D．a candy |
小题2: It can be inferred from the passage that ________________.| A．the history of chocolate is at most 4,000 years. | | B．people around the world could buy things with chocolate. | | C．chocolate was well paid attention to since it was born. | | D．an American at least eats a pound of chocolate per month. |
小题3:Why did chocolate suit the Spanish’s taste so quickly? _________| A．Because chocolate was so tasty and bitter. | | B．Because chocolate was believed to be a source of nutrition. | | C．Because chocolate was sweetened with honey or cane sugar. | | D．Because chocolate became a fashionable beverage. |
小题4:Which one shows the correct order according to the time of their appearing? _________| A．chocolate beverage----chocolate bar----chocolate candies----milk chocolate | | B．chocolate bar----chocolate beverage----chocolate candies----milk chocolate | | C．chocolate bar ----chocolate candies ----milk chocolate ---- chocolate beverage | | D．chocolate beverage ----chocolate candies----chocolate bar---- milk chocolate |
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Perfume (香水) has been in existence for a long time. These days, certain perfumes are considered comparable to great works of art. Here are a few of the most famous perfumes in history.
Chanel No.5
This perfume is probably the best-selling scent (气味) in the history of fragrance (香水). Created by Ernst Beaux for Coco Chanel in 1921, it has been described as “the world’s most legendary fragrance”, and remains the company’s most famous perfume.
Shalimar
Jacques Guerlain created this vanilla (香草) fragrance in 1925. The perfume takes its name from the Garden of Shalimar, which was built by Emperor Shah Jehan for one of his wives. It was an immediate hit in 1925 and is still extremely popular today.
Joy
Joy is famous for having been the most expensive perfume in the world at one point. It was created in 1930 by Henri Alméras for Jean Patou to lift the bad mood that had swept over the world after the 1929 stock market crash.
L’Air duTemps
Francis Farbon created Nina Ricci’s L’Air du Temps in 1948. The fragrance is known for its spicy (香的) carnation (康乃馨) and gardenia (栀子) scents as well as its beautiful crystal (水晶的) bottle (designed by Lalique).
Eternity
Calvin Klein’s second perfume was created by Sophia Grojsman in 1988. Known for its light, flowery scent, the perfume was listed in the Fragrance Hall of Fame in 2003. It is recommended for daytime wear.
Angel
This wildly popular perfume was created in 1992 by Olivier Cresp for Thierry Mugler. The perfume was an instant success. The perfume has often been described as “delicious”, owing to its chocolatey (巧克力味的) scent. The perfume comes in beautiful star-shaped bottles. Angel perfume also comes in several bath and body products.
小题1:Who created Joy?| A．Henri Alméras. | B．Jean Patou. | | C．Sophia Grojsman. | D．Jacques Guerlain. |
小题2:Which of the following perfumes is known for its wonderful crystal bottle?| A．Shalimar. | B．Chanel No. 5 | C．L’Air du Temps. | D．Eternity. |
小题3:The Angel perfume has been described as delicious because of __________. | A．its spicy scent | B．its special bottle design | | C．its vanilla scent | D．its chocolatey scent |
小题4:Which of the following statements is TRUE?| A．Emperor Shah Jehan created the Shalimar perfume for one of his wives. | | B．Joy was created to cheer people up after the stock market crash. | | C．Lalique created Nina Ricci’s L’Air du Temps in 1948. | | D．Eternity was listed into the Fragrance Hall of Fame in 1988. |
小题5:Where can you probably see this article?| A．In a textbook. | B．In the newspaper. | | C．In a travel magazine. | D．In a fashion magazine. |
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President Abraham Lincoln’s first call for volunteers to fight in the Civil War was for whites only.The Civil War was a white man’s war，northern whites insisted.Its purpose was to preserve the Union.It was not being fought to end slavery.But by September of 1862，the sentiment toward black volunteers had changed.Lincoln had hoped that the war would be short，but it had already lasted for a year and a half.Union manpower had fallen dangerously.
Lincoln had a plan.He issued the Emancipation Proclamation.It stated that as of January 1,1863，all slaves living in the rebellious southern states would be forever free.And starting immediately，Union armies would accept black volunteers.
The southern rebels’response to Lincoln’s call for black troops was a deadly one.Captives (俘虏) of any Union regiment (团) with black troops were to be given “no quarter”．They were to be put to death immediately.
AfricanAmerican troops throughout the war distinguished themselves (表现突出) in battle at places like Milliken’s Bend，Fort Wagner，and the Crater at St.Petersburg.As to their conduct on the battlefield，Colonel Thomas Wentworth Higginson wrote，“Nobody knows anything about these men who has not seen them in battle.No officer in this regiment now doubts that the successful process of the war lies in the unlimited employment of black troops.” By the war’s end,186,000 black men had participated.They made up nearly 10 percent of Union forces.These black soldiers saw action in more than 250 battles.Black soldiers also gave their lives.By the war’s end，about 38,000 black soldiers had died.They died from disease，in battle，and after capture by rebel troops.
小题1:This passage is mainly about________.| A．cause of the Civil War | | B．the Emancipation Proclamation | | C．black soldiers in the Civil War | | D．why Lincoln was a good president |
小题2:What does the underlined word “sentiment” in the first paragraph mean?| A．Whites. | | B．People who keep watch. | | C．Rebels. | | D．Thought and feeling. |
小题3:What can we conclude from the passage?| A．Lincoln acted too late to free the slaves. | | B．Blacks fought well for the Union cause. | | C．The Civil War changed American history. | | D．The southern rebels nearly won the Civil War. |
小题4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．The Civil War’s purpose was to drive the black away. | | B．The Civil War ended just in one year with the help of the blacks. | | C．All slaves were set free by September of 1862. | | D．Black captives of any Union regiment were killed after Lincoln’s call. |
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While we are on the subject of crime, our listener question this week comes from Mohamad Firouzi in Iran. He wants to know about the history of Alcatraz Island and the prison that once operated there.
Alcatraz Island is in the harbor of San Francisco, California. It is best known for being a federal prison, which was also called “The Rock.” It was once the most famous prison in America.
Alcatraz was a military prison from the late eighteen fifties until the nineteen thirties. Then it became a federal prison for the country’s worst criminals. These included murderers, bank robbers and kidnappers. One of the main reasons federal officials chose Alcatraz Island to detain these prisoners was because they thought it would be impossible for prisoners to escape.
Cold, deep and dangerous waters surround the island. Also, the distance between the island and San Francisco is too far for most humans to swim. No prisoner was ever officially reported to have successfully escaped.
However, in nineteen sixty-two, three men broke out of the prison. Each man worked very hard at night for many months to cut through the stone wall of his cell. They made false heads out of paper, paint and hair. On the night of June eleventh, the men placed the heads in their beds to make it look as if they were sleeping. Then, the prisoners escaped through the holes in their cells to get to the water. The men were never seen or heard from again. It is believed that they drowned while trying to swim to San Francisco.
The prison closed in nineteen sixty-three because of the high cost of keeping prisoners there and the need for major repairs. The last prisoners were moved to other jails.
In nineteen seventy-two, the United States Congress passed a bill creating the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Alcatraz Island and the old prison are part of this area.
Each year, more than one million people visit Alcatraz to see the prisoners’ cells and listen to stories about the jail’s history. But unlike the prisoners who once lived there, visitors can escape from the prison whenever they want and return back across the harbor to San Francisco.
小题1:The text mainly tells us________.| A．about the history of Alcatraz Island and the prison there. | | B．about the history of Alcatraz Island. | | C．about a military prison. | | D．about the subject of crime. |
小题2:Why did federal officials make Alcatraz the most famous prison in America?| A．Because no prisoner successfully escaped from the prison. | | B．Because Alcatraz was Alcatraz Island. | | C．Because Alcatraz was a military prison. | | D．Because cold, deep and dangerous waters surround the island. |
小题3:Paragraph 5 is written to ________.| A．tell us the three prisoners escaped the prison. | | B．prove prisoners couldn’t successfully escape from the prison . | | C．tell us how prisoners escaped the prison. | | D．tell us the three prisoners could make false heads out of paper, paint and hair. |
小题4:Now Alcatraz ________.| A．is a place of interest . | | B．detains some prisoners. | | C．is where the United States Congress is. | | D．is still the most famous prison. |
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