Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using he
题型：0118 期中题难度：来源：
Write NO MORE THEAN ONE WORD for each answer.
specially complex with more than five recognized dialect groups, even the written language with two recognized
characters.
The written forms of Chinese include a traditional system of characters and a simplified one. The simplified
version of characters came into use in 1949.
Traditional Chinese characters are still widely used throughout Asia and among Chinese people around the
world, while the simplified characters are only found in the People"s Republic of China.
It is usually accepted that there are five major dialect groups within the Chinese language group. These are
Mandarin, Wu, Min, Cantonese and Hakka.
Mandarin is the official language on the Chinese mainland and Chinese Taiwan. It is also one of the four
official languages of Singapore.
Wu is spoken around the lower Yangtze River and its tributaries (支流). Shanghai is a well-known dialect
of Wu.
Min is commonly spoken by people in Taiwan, Fujian and Hainan. Cantonese is mainly spoken in the province
of Guangdong. Cantonese is also spoken in many parts of the Chinese Diaspora (移居地), particularly HongKong
and overseas Chinese settlements in the United States, Europe and Southeast Asia. Hakka is the least well-known
dialect group inside China compared to the above four. Most of the Hakka dialect group is scattered (散居)
throughout southeastern China in Guangxi Province. Historically, the Hakka people were northerners who moved
south over several hundred years. Their name Hakka means"guest" indicating their immigrant (移民) status in the
southern areas to which they moved.
答案
6. lower 7. Min 8. Mainly/Particularly 9. least 10. Guangxi
举一反三
neighbors, the French and the Belgians. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of the
Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has
developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.
Broadly speaking, an Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people
he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed. You
have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious looking men and
women sit reading their newspapers of having a light sleep in a corner, no one speaks. In fact, to do so would
seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, "On
entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers." Needless to say, he was not being serious.
There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately
suspected.
In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement,
etc., often accompanied by appropriate gestures. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an
Englishman feels no less deeply than any one of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far
less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl.
Whereas a more emotional man might describe her as "an excellent jewel", "extremely beautiful", and "precious",
the Englishman will flatly state "Oh, she"s all right." An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and
enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, "It"s not bad you know." or on seeing very unusual
scenery he might convey his pleasure by saying. "Nice, yes, very nice." The overseas visitor must not be
disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement. Instead, he must realize that "all right", "not bad",
and"nice", very often have the sense of "first-class", "excellent", and "beautiful". This use of language of a
unique style, particularly common in England is known as restrained statement.
B. characters
C. habits
D. all the above
B. shake hands with all the people he meets
C. talk with others
D. keep quiet
B. polite and graceful
C. afraid and frightened
D. calm and controlled
B. has emotions as deep as any other nationalities
C. is liable to express emotion by means of language
D. likes to have a joke with foreign visitors
B. quite right
C. not good
D. very good
标号为1-10的相应位置。
to a concert. It is something far less happy, as you are (2)______ (call) in by your boss to explain why you
did this or did that, or (3)______ you did not do this or that.
At some time (4)______ another, every one of us has to "face the music", (5)______ (especial) as children,
we can all remember father"s angry words"I want to talk to you!" And it was only because we did not listen
to him. (6)______ a bad thing it was!
In the middle or at the end of every term, some students have to "face the music". The result of the exam
will decide (7)______ they will have to face the music or not. There might be parents" blame and the contempt
(轻视) of the teachers and other (8)______ (classmate).
The phrase "to face the music" is well known to every American, (9)______ or old. It is at least 100 years
old. It originally means that you have to do something (10)______ (brave), no matter how terrible the whole
thing might be, because you know you have no choice.
Asia they had to find a way past South America. The man who finally found the way from the Atlantic Ocean
to the Pacific was Ferdinand Magellan (麦哲伦). Magellan sailed from Seville in August, 1519 with five ships
and about 280 men. Fourteen months later, after spending the cold winter on the coast of Patagonia, he
discovered the channel which is now called Magellan Strait (海峡). In November, 1520, after many months
of dangers from rocks and storms, the three remaining ships entered the ocean on the other side of South
America. They then continued, hoping to reach Asia. But they did not see any land until they reached the islands
off the coast of Asia. Before they arrived at these islands, later known as the Philippines (菲律宾), men were
dying of starvation (饥饿). While they were staying in the Philippines, Magellan was killed in battle. The
remaining officers then had to get back to Spain. They decided to sail round Africa. After many difficulties,
one ship with eighteen men sailed into Seville three years after leaving. They were all that remained of Magellan"s
expedition. However, their achievement was great. They were the first men to sail round the world.
B. sail round the world
C. carry men to Philippines
D. make a voyage to Asia
B. 1519
C. 1520
D. Fourteen months
B. Lack of equipment.
C. The death of Magellan.
D. Dangers from rocks and storms.
B. three
C. four
D. five
B. The Most Dangerous Expedition
C. The Discovery of the Philippines
D. The Discovery of Magellan"s Strait
the exam. Standard English is the form of English you learn in school. All written English should be standard-
that means it should be clear enough for anyone in Britain to understand it. Standard English developed as the
main form of printed English in the 15th Century. At the time, every region of Britain used to spell words
differently, but printers needed a fixed spelling. Printers like Caxton chose the East Midlands dialect form which
was used in London and the South East. Soon Standard English replaced (取代) all written dialect forms-the
other forms of English spoken around the country. It also replaced French and Latin in law and in academic
(学术的) work. In the 18th Century, people wrote dictionaries and grammar books which standardized spelling-
Dr Johnson"s Dictionary of 1755 fixed many of the spellings we still use today. All written English should be
Standard English-any grammar rules you learn are for Standard English and you will definitely need to learn
them to avoid making mistakes in your work. The rules of Standard English mean using the correct forms of
words with the correct spellings.
Avoid slang words (俚语)-words that your teachers or friends wouldn"t understand. You"ll lose marks if
the examiners can"t understand what you say or write. Don"t use dialect words. Every region has words or
phrases that are only used there. Don"t use them in your coursework, because you won"t be understood. Make
sure you revise grammar and punctuation (标点) you have learned, and learn the list of commonly misspelled
words you have made. Clichés are ideas or sayings which have been used so often that they"ve become boring
and unoriginal. Phrases like, "As good as it gets" "At the end of the day" "In the fullness of time" are all clichés.
So are images like, "as fierce as a lion" "as cunning as a fox". If you use them you will sound boring and
unimaginative-that could mean you lose marks for writing and speaking style. So avoid clichés.
a. no slang word or dialect
b. no grammar and spelling mistake.
c. no phrase
d. no cliché
e. no punctuation
B. bcd
C. abd
D. ade
B. the English spoken by American people.
C. the English spoken by British people in 15th Century.
D. the English used in London.
B. the long phrases which are used often.
C. the boring ideas or sayings because of being used often.
D. all the English which is used outside of London and the southeast of Britain.
B. Because local dialect belongs to certain region, not every one can understand it.
C. Because there are many kinds of English in the world, we need Standard English to make communication
easier.
D. Because standard English has been used for a long time.
B. Written English should be formal and standard.
C. Standard English means people should use the words from Dr Johnson"s Dictionary.
D. Standard English replaced all written dialect forms in the 18th century.
每空填一个词。
plants. Sometimes, the word green means young, fresh and growing. Sometimes, it describes something
that is not yet ripe or finished. For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who is new
to a situation. In the 15th century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns had not yet developed.
A century or so later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had not yet had any experience in battle. By the 18th
century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today.
Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb. The expression comes
from the early 1990s. A person with a green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow
quickly and well. You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to
grow long after your plants have died.
The Green Revolution is the name given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and
other grains. The new plants produced much larger crops. The Green Revolution was the result of hard
work by agricultural scientists who had green thumbs.
Green is also the color used to describe the powerful emotion, envy. The green-eyed monster is not a
terrible creature from outer space. It is an expression used about four hundred years ago by British writer
William Shakespeare in his play "Othello." It describes the unpleasant feeling a person has when someone
else has something he wants. A young man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if his girlfriend begins
going out with someone else. Or, that green-eyed monster may affect your friend if you get a pay rise and
she does not.