As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listenin
题型：不详难度：来源：
As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded “Is there a doctor on board?” announcement. I’ve been 16 only once — for a woman who had merely fainted. But the 17 made me quite curious about how 18 this kind of thing happens. I wondered what I would do if 19 with a real midair medical emergency — without access 20 a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So 21 the New England Journal of Medicine last week 22 a study about in-flight medical events, I read it 23 interest.
The study estimated that there are a(n) 24 of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not 25 ; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints. 26 13% of them — roughly four a day — are serious enough to 27 a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies 28 heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing.
Let’s face it: plane rides are 29 . For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly 30 they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty 31 , but passengers with heart disease 32 experience chest pains as a result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. 33 common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis — the so-called economy class syndrome (综合症). 34 happens, don’t panic. Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front. Thanks to more recent legislation (立法), flights with at 35 one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.
| 小题1: | | A．called | B．addressed | C．informed | D．surveyed |
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| 小题2: | | A．accident | B．condition | C．incident | D．disaster |
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| 小题3: | | A．soon | B．long | C．many | D．often |
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| 小题4: | | A．faced | B．treated | C．identified | D．provided |
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| 小题5: | | A．for | B．to | C．by | D．through |
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| 小题6: | | A．before | B．since | C．when | D．while |
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| 小题7: | | A．collected | B．conducted | C．discovered | D．published |
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| 小题9: | | A．amount | B．average | C．sum | D．number |
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| 小题10: | | A．significant | B．heavy | C．common | D．serious |
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| 小题12: | | A．require | B．inspire | C．engage | D．command |
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| 小题13: | | A．include | B．limit | C．imply | D．contain |
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| 小题14: | | A．enjoyable | B．promoting | C．dull | D．stressful |
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| 小题15: | | A．who | B．what | C．which | D．that |
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| 小题16: | | A．severely | B．unwillingly | C．easily | D．casually |
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| 小题17: | | A．ought to | B．may | C．used to | D．need |
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| 小题18: | | A．Any | B．One | C．Other | D．Another |
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| 小题19: | | A．Whatever | B．However | C．Whenever | D．Wherever |
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| 小题20: | | A．most | B．worst | C．least | D．best |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:A
小题5:B
小题6:C
小题7:D
小题8:C
小题9:B
小题10:D
小题11:C
小题12:A
小题13:A
小题14:D
小题15:B
小题16:C
小题17:B
小题18:D
小题19:A
小题20:C |
解析
试题分析：
小题1:call有召唤、召集之意。在飞机上有人生病了，就要call a doctor。其他几个选项，address指“称呼某人”，inform是“告诉”的意思，而survey则指“调查”，都不符合文意。选A
小题2:此题考查词汇和上下文理解。飞机上有人突然晕倒是一件突发事件，即事故，所以，此题选择accident。incident指“事件”，disaster指“灾难”，用在这里，言过其实。选A
小题3:此题考查上下文理解。这种事情发生的频率到底有多高呢?作者感到很好奇。四个选项中，只有how often连起来表示频率。故选D。
小题4:此题考查词汇和上下文理解。经观察，四个选项都加了“ed”表示被动语态。A、B、C、D选项的意思分别是“面对”、“对待”、“识别”、“假设”。作者由文章开头的小事故联想到如果真在半空中遇到严重的医疗事故，那自己将怎样面对。根据文意，此处应选confronted。选A
小题5:此处考查词组的固定搭配access to——“有权使用、接近”。作者想知道在没有医院医护人员和紧急医疗设备的情况下如何应对突发医疗事故。选B
小题6:此题考查上下文连接。文意表达的是：“当上周的医疗周刊登出了关于机上医疗事件的研究时，我怀着巨大的兴趣去读了。”所以，这里选when。选C
小题7:参照上文，“周刊”最可能发出的动作应该是“出版”。故选published。选D
小题8:本题要表达“带着兴趣”，伴随用with。选C
小题9:此处考查上下文理解。作者查出了美国平均每天机上突发医疗事件的次数，而数据统计一般都会用平均数字来说明问题。所以，这里选average。其他选项，a sum of、an amount of、a number of分别表示“一笔”、“一些”(后加不可数名词)、“一些”(后加可数名词)。选B
小题10:病痛严重与否用serious表达。所以，这里选serious。D
小题11:此处答案需从后文查找。能使飞行员改变航道的病与轻微的晕厥进行对比，所以这里的连词是but。选C
小题12:此处重点考查词汇的细微区别。inspire(鼓舞)和encourage(鼓励)显然不符合要求;require(要求)常用于按照规定、惯例、环境等提出的要求去做某某人做某事。根据原文的意思，机上有重病患者，这种情况要求飞行员改变航向，挽救生命。选A
小题13:作者在此处举例说明了什么病是严重的突发病。这里的空缺结合选项可知，表达“包括”的概念。contain指“容纳、包含”，只有include最符合题意。选A
小题14:此题考查上下文理解。四个选项意思是：enjoyable(轻松愉快的)、stimulating(刺激的)、tedious(乏味的)、stressful(压力大的)。从下文可知，飞机要飞到海拔5000-000英尺，这个过程并不是轻松愉快的，既能引发病痛，也绝不是乏味的这样简单，所以，这里要选择stressful。选D
小题15:此处考查疑问代词。原文意思为：“对于初乘航班者，高空里机舱压力相当于生活在海拔5000-000英尺高度的气压。”what 指代 pressures，故选B。
小题16:此题考查上下文理解和词汇。从下文可知，此处与有心脏病的乘客乘坐飞机进行对比。意即，大多数健康的人能轻松应付。选择easily。选C
小题17:参照上文。由于此文是一个客观描述，所以，心脏病患者乘客在缺氧情况下应该“可以/可能感到胸痛”。选may。选B
小题18:前文中提到chest pains，所以这里应该用另外一种(another)，故选D。
小题19:选A——无论发生什么。
小题20:此题考查固定搭配at least。至少，选C
点评：本文讲述了作者由文章开头的小事故联想到如果真在半空中遇到严重的医疗事故，那自己将怎样面对。从而引发的思考。从选项中可以看出，本大题主要还是考查了词汇的辨析与运用，但更加注重综合语言能力的运用，需要根据故事情节，了解词汇用法的同时，结合语境，做出准确的判断。 |
举一反三
Sitting in the play area of the doctor’s office, my children, Paul, four, and Bailey, three, built a Lego tower while we waited to be called for Paul’s examination.
“Good job, you guys,”I said, trying not to sound too tired. My husband was away on business, and it was difficult being alone with the kids. At times I felt like I was living in the jungle(丛林) rather than the suburbs.
“Don’t put the Lego in your mouth, Bailey,”I said. Paul grabbed(抓取) it from him.“That’s not nice, Paul,”I said. He gave back the Lego. I looked around the waiting room. A woman was eating something, a couple were talking, and an old gentleman in a blue jacket was reading a magazine. I wished I could sit quietly for a while. I wanted to be able to take a rest, or go shopping alone. At once, I was ashamed of myself. What kind of mother was I? “God,”I thought, “help me to be the very best mom I can be.”
The nurse came into the waiting room to get us. Just at that moment, the old gentleman in the waiting room put down his magazine and came up to me. With a smile on his face, he said, “Your children are most certainly lucky to have such a wonderful mother.”“Thank you,”I replied in a low voice and watched him walk back to his seat. We followed the nurse into the examination room. While she weighed Paul, I told her how that man had made my day.
Motherhood is still a jungle sometimes, but now when I feel tired I remember the encouraging words of the old gentleman.
小题1:The writer went to the doctor’s office because .| A．one of her children liked to play there | | B．her son Paul needed an examination | | C．she was tired and needed to see her doctor | | D．she wanted to have all her children examined |
小题2:.From Paragraph 2, we know the writer felt that looking after her children alone was .| A．unfair | B．happy | C．hard | D．interesting |
小题3:The writer criticized(批评) Paul when he .| A．put the Lego into Bailey’s mouth | | B．took away the toy from Bailey | | C．made trouble in the waiting room | | D．didn’t follow her advice |
小题4:What can we learn from the passage?| A．The writer often went shopping alone. | | B．The writer’s husband was always on business. | | C．The writer doesn’t know how to be a good mother. | | D．The writer was greatly encouraged by the old gentleman’s words. |
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Mr Black once decided to travel by air on business because of some reason. He liked 16 beside a window when he was 17 ,so when he got onto the plane, he 18 a window seat. He 19 that all of them had already been taken 20 one, and there was a soldier sitting in the seat beside this one. Mr Black was 21 that he had not taken the one by the window, but, anyhow, he at once went towards 22 .
When he 23 it, however, he saw that there was a notice on it. It was written 24 ink and said,“This is reserved for proper load balance. Thank you.” Mr Black had never seen such a notice in a plane 25 ,but he thought that the plane 26 be carrying something particularly heavy in 27 baggage room which made 28 necessary to have passengers properly balanced, so he walked on and 29 another empty seat, not beside the 30 ,to sit in.
Two or three other people tried 31 in the window seat beside the soldier, but they, too, 32 the notice and went on. Then, when the plane was nearly full, a very beautiful girl stepped into the plane. The soldier, who was 33 the passengers coming in, quickly took the notice off the seat beside him－and 34 that way succeeded in 35 the company of the girl during the whole of the trip.
| 小题1: | | A．sitting | B．to sit | C．sat | D．sit |
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| 小题2: | | A．traveling | B．sitting | C．flying | D．sleeping |
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| 小题3: | | A．found | B．looked for | C．noticed | D．searched |
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| 小题4: | | A．found | B．looked for | C．saw | D．observed |
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| 小题5: | | A．besides | B．except | C．expect | D．except for |
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| 小题6: | | A．glad | B．pleased | C．surprised | D．surprising |
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| 小题8: | | A．get to | B．arrived | C．got | D．reached |
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| 小题10: | | A．past | B．then | C．ago | D．before |
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| 小题11: | | A．may | B．must | C．would | D．should |
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| 小题13: | | A．that | B．this | C．it | D．everything |
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| 小题14: | | A．see | B．seeing | C．finding | D．found |
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| 小题15: | | A．one | B．window | C．soldier | D．girl |
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| 小题16: | | A．to sit | B．sitting | C．to seat | D．seating |
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| 小题17: | | A．watched | B．saw | C．read | D．found |
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| 小题18: | | A．seeing | B．watching | C．seen | D．watched |
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| 小题20: | | A．failing | B．having | C．missing | D．helping |
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It was a cold winter. The day my husband fell to his death, it started to snow, just 36 any November day. His 37 , when I found it, was lightly covered with snow. It snowed almost every day for the next four months, while I sat on the couch and watched it 38 . One morning, I walked slowly 39 and was surprised to see a snow remover clearing my driveway and the bent back of a woman clearing my walk. I dropped to my knees and crawled back upstairs, 40 those good people would not see me. I was 41 . My first thought was, how would I ever 42 them? I didn’t have the 43 to brush my hair, 44 clear someone’s walk.
Before Jon’s death, I felt proud that I 45 asked for favors. I identified myself by my competence（能力） and 46 . So who was I if I was no longer capable? How could I 47 myself if I just sat on the couch every day and watched the snow fall?
Learning to receive the love and 48 from others wasn’t easy. Friends cooked for me and I cried. Finally, my friend Kathy said, “Mary, cooking for you isn’t a 49 for me; it makes me feel good to be able to do something for you.”
Over and over, I heard 50 words from the people who supported me during those 51 days. One wise man told me, “You aren’t doing nothing because being fully open to your 52 may be the hardest work you will ever do.”
I am not the person I 53 was, but in many ways I have changed for the 54 . I’ve been surprised to learn that there is incredible freedom coming from 55 one’s worst fear and walking away whole. I believe there is strength, for sure, in accepting a dark period of our life.
| 小题2: | | A．body | B．soul | C．shoe | D．footprint |
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| 小题3: | | A．sweep up | B．drop off | C．fall down | D．pile up |
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| 小题4: | | A．upstairs | B．downstairs | C．indoors | D．outdoors |
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| 小题6: | | A．delighted | B．disappointed | C．annoyed | D．ashamed |
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| 小题7: | | A．pay | B．award | C．reward | D．treat |
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| 小题8: | | A．courage | B．strength | C．spirit | D．power |
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| 小题9: | | A．stand alone | B．leave alone | C．sit alone | D．let alone |
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| 小题10: | | A．frequently | B．gradually | C．hardly | D．uncertainly |
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| 小题11: | | A．intelligence | B．independence | C．excellence | D．qualification |
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| 小题12: | | A．achieve | B．praise | C．respect | D．promote |
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| 小题13: | | A．supply | B．support | C．contribution | D．similar |
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| 小题14: | | A．burden | B．job | C．business | D．sorrow |
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| 小题15: | | A．sensitive | B．same | C．considerate | D．similar |
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| 小题16: | | A．blue | B．rainy | C．bright | D．snowy |
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| 小题17: | | A．despair | B．difficulty | C．pain | D．regret |
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| 小题18: | | A．still | B．once | C．even | D．never |
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| 小题19: | | A．worse | B．less | C．more | D．better |
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| 小题20: | | A．facing | B．noticing | C．managing | D．expressing |
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If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown. It will greatly increase your chances of survival. Many people think that preparing necessary equipment and knowing how to use it are very important, but in fact eighty percent of mountain survival is your reaction(反应) to fear.
Finding a hiding place
Unnecessary labor (劳动) will make you sweat and make you cold. Find a hiding place around you before trying to start your own construction. If you are in a snow-covered area, you may be able to dig a cave in deep snow for protection from the wind. You should try to hide yourself in the middle of the mountain if possible. Stay out of the valleys--- cold air falls, and the valley floor can be the coldest area on the mountain.
Signal(发信号) rescuers for help
The best time to signal rescuers is during the day. Signal for help from the highest point possible--- it will be easier for rescuers to see you, and any sound you make will travel farther. If you take a box of matches and a space blanket ( a special blanket for traveling ), build three smoky fires and put your blanket ---gold side facing out --- on the ground.
Do not walk away
It will make finding you more difficult , as search teams will be trying to follow your path and may miss you if you have gone off in a different direction. Searchers often end up finding a car with no one in it. If you get frostbitten(冻伤) , do not rewarm the affected area until you are out of danger.
You can walk on frostbitten(冻伤) feet, but once you warm the area and can feel the pain, you will not want to walk anywhere. Try to protect the frostbitten area and keep it dry until you are rescued.
小题1: When lost in the mountains, you can increase your chances of survival if you _____.| A．take a space blanket with you | B．do more physical labor | | C．try to find a car immediately | D．walk as far as possible |
小题2: According to the passage, people most probably fail to survive if they ______| A．do not take enough equipment | B．stay in the middle of the mountain | | C．do not keep themselves warm | D．stay in a snow-covered area |
小题3:What can we infer from the passage?| A．Don’t travel by yourself | B．Mountain traveling is dangerous | | C．Don’t get frightened in danger | D．Avoid going to unfamiliar places |
小题4: Which statement is not true according to the passage?| A．If lost in the mountains, you must try to find a way out quickly. | | B．Stay out of the valleys when looking for a hiding place | | C．The best time to signal rescuers is during the day | | D．With a space blanket, you can put it on the ground---gold side facing out |
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As kids, my friends and I spent a lot of time out in the woods. “The woods” was our part-time address, destination, purpose, and excuse. If I went to a friends house and found him not at home, his mother might say, “Oh, he’s out in the woods, ” with a tone(语气) of airy acceptance. It is similar to the tone people sometimes use nowadays to tell me that someone I’m looking for is on the golf course or at the gym, or even “away from his desk.” For us ten-year-olds, “being out in the woods” was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.
We sometimes told ourselves that what we were doing in the woods was exploring(探索). Exploring was a more popular idea back then than it is today. History seemed to be mostly about explorers. Our explorations, though, seemed to have less system than the historic kind: something usually came up along the way. Say we stayed in the woods, throwing rocks, shooting frogs, picking blackberries, digging in what we were briefly persuaded was an Indian burial mound.
Often we got “lost” and had to climb a tree to find out where we were. If you read a story in which someone does that successfully, be skeptical: the topmost branches are usually too skinny to hold weight, and we could never climb high enough to see anything except other trees. There were four or five trees that we visited regularly—tall beeches, easy to climb and comfortable to sit in.
It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end. By then some of us had reached seventh grade and had begun the rough ride of adolescence(青春期). In March, the month when we usually took to the woods again after winter, two friends and I set out to go exploring. We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that we really were rather big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.
小题1:The author and his friends were often out in the woods to _______.| A．spend their free time | | B．play golf and other sports | | C．avoid doing their schoolwork | | D．keep away from their parents |
小题2:What can we infer from Paragraph 2 ?| A．The activities in the woods were well planned. | | B．Human history is not the result of exploration. | | C．Exploration should be a systematic activity. | | D．The author explored in the woods aimlessly. |
小题3:The underlined word “skeptical” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.| A．calm | B．doubtful | C．serious | D．optimistic |
小题4:How does the author feel about his childhood?| A．Happy but short. | | B．Lonely but memorable. | | C．Boring and meaningless. | | D．Long and unforgettable. |
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