| ( )1. A. got ( )2. A. while ( )3. A. for ( )4. A. themselves ( )5. A. afford ( )6. A. came ( )7. A. drills ( )8. A. included ( )9. A. matter ( )10. A. boss ( )11. A. out ( )12. A. took ( )13. A. ended ( )14. A. charge ( )15. A. lessons ( )16. A. Before long ( )17. A. performances ( )18. A. vacation ( )19. A. important ( )20. A. gain | B. provided B. so B. with B. ourselves B. find B. returned B. tasks B. asked B. mean B. good B. off B. hated B. held B. situation B. separation B. Long before B. descriptions B. job B. bitter B. show | C. made C. but C. about C. myself C. produce C. graduated C. exercises C. met C. exist C. rest C. away C. enjoyed C. continued C. position C. training C. As usual C. speeches C. place C. normal C. achieve | D. bought D. or D. of D. yourself D. pay D. escaped D. reports D. required D. work D. right D. on D. did D. began D. choice D. meetings D. Once again D. gifts D. travel D. difficult D. match |
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. "Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting creatures," William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the everchanging 21st century, even the word "habit" carries a negative meaning. So it seems contradictory to talk about habits in the same context as innovation (创新). But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try, the more creative we become. But don"t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they"re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. "The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder," says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. "But we are taught instead to "decide", just as our president calls himself "the Decider"." She adds, however, that "to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities." "All of us work through problems in ways of which we"re unaware," she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the ability to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, collaboratively (合作地) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that ability, preserving only those ways of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life. The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us use our innovative and collaborative ways of thought. "This breaks the major rule in the American belief system-that anyone can do anything," explains M.J.Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will... and Ms. Markova"s business partner. "That"s a lie that we have preserved, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you"re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence. This is where developing new habits comes in. | |||
| 1. Brain researchers have discovered that _____. | |||
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| A. the forming of new habits can be guided B. the development of habits can be predicted C. the regulation of old habits can be transformed D. the track of new habits can be created unconsciously | |||
| 2. The underlined word "ruts" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____. | |||
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| A. zones B. connections C. situations D. tracks | |||
| 3. Which of the following statements most probably agrees with Dawna Markova"s view? | |||
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| A. Decision makes no sense in choices. B. Curiosity makes creative minds active. C. Creative ideas are born of a relaxing mind. D. Formation of innovation comes from fantastic ideas. | |||
| 4. The purpose of the author writing this article is to persuade us _____. | |||
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| A. to give up our traditional habits deliberately B. to create and develop new habits consciously C. to resist the application of standardized testing D. to believe that old habits conflict with new habits | |||
| 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 | |||
| Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal-or at least many parts of it have. 1_____. Ideas about social class-whether a person is "working-class"or "middle-class"-are one area in which changes have been extremely slow. In the past, the working-class terlded to be paid less than middle-class people. The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, as was widely believed, having given his wife her "housekeeping",would go out and spend the rest on beer and betting. The old style of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was likely to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house as a most important thing, but he also considered the education of his children as extremely important. 2_____. Only in very few cases did workers have the opportunity to make such long-ten plans. 3_____. In a large number of cases factory workers earn as much as their middle-class supervisors (管理 者). Social security and laws to improve job-security have made it less necessary than before to worry about "tomorrow". Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority (自卑感). In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few yars for the middle-classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position. 4_____. They generally tend to share very similar tastes in music and clothes, they spend their money in having a good time, and save for holidays or longer-term plans when necessary. There seems to be much less difference than in previous generations. 5_____. As long as this gap exists, there will always be a possibility that new conflicts will appear, or rather that the old conflicts will reappear, but between different groups. | |||
| A. Nowadays, a great deal has changed B. Both of these provided him and his family with security C. As a result, differences in life-styles and attitudes came into existence D. However, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid and the low-paid E. In recent years, the working-class people have begun to design long-tem plans F. In some ways, however, very little has changed,particularly where attitudes are concerned G. The changes in both lifehstyles and attitudes are probably most easily seen amongst younger people | |||
| 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 | |||
| In the 60s, people asked about your astrological (about star) sign. In the 90s, they want to know your website. 1_____ Your website is an electronic meeting place for your family, friends and potentially, millions of people around the world. Best of all, you may not have to spend a cent. The web is filled with all kinds of free services and all it takes is some time and creativity. 2_____ Like the table of contents of a book or magazine, the home page is the front door. Your site can have one or more pages, depending on how you design it. While web pages vary greatly in their design and content, most use a traditional magazine layout (版面设 计). At the top of the page is a banner (横幅). Next comes a greeting and short description of the site. Pictures, text, and links to other websites follow. 3_____ Think about whom the site is for and what you want to say. Next, gather up the material that you want to put on the site. While there are no rules you have to follow, there are a few things to keep in mind: 4_____ If you want too much at the beginning, you may never get the site off the ground. You can always add to your site. Less is better. Most people don"t like to read a lot of long text online. 5_____ Smaller is better. Since it can take"a long time to download large files, keep the file sizes small. Have the rights. Don"t put any material on your site unless you are sure you can do it legally. Always remember to get the permission from the writer first. Now it"s time to roll up your sleeves and start building. | |||
| A. Start simply. B. Break it into small pieces. C. Draw a rough layout on a sheet of paper. D. Many websites are considered very interesting. E. Before you start building your site, do some planning. F. Think of your home page as the starting point of your website. G. These days, having a web address is almost as important as a street address. |